[Prevention and conservative treatment of backache related to intervertebral disc disease].

Despite epidemic character of backache in the developed countries, proper treatment is still facing a lot of difficulties and disbelief. Backache are considered incurable disease disabling normal life and work by both numerous patients and physicians. Proper information on causes and sequelae of backache, prophylaxis, ergonomics of work and ways of decreasing complaints should be valuable.

Boari's operation with an incompletely closed bladder flap tube.

A long prevesical ureteral defect was bridged by a somewhat modified Boari's operation. The bladder flap appeared too narrow and thick and was therefore unsuitable for the creation of a tube. It was therefore turned upwards and left in the wound as a buried strip with the upper ureteral stump submucosally implanted in the upper end of the flap.

Surgical technique and results of primary repair in recent urethral injuries: a review of 49 consecutive cases.

Late results after primary repair in 49 recent urethral injuries of the urethra treated through a perineal approach by sutures of realignment with splinting, and suprapublic and perineal drainage were assessed by measuring urethral flow, urethrography, urine analysis and other examinations. In 15 straddle injuries the results were excellent. Of 34 injuries associated with pelvic fracture 50% had satisfactory results.