[Psychometric parameters of the Hungarian version of Mothers' Object Relations Scales - Short Form (H-MORS-SF) in a large sample].

Introduction: The Mothers' Object Relations Scale (MORS) was developed by John M. Oates (Open University, Milton Keynes, UK) in the late 1990s. The MORS is an appropriate instrument for gathering parental perceptions about the child and the parent-infant relationship.

[Additional psychometric data for the DS1K mood questionnaire. Experience from a large sample study involving parents of young children].

Aims: A new instrument for assessing depressive mood, the first version of Depression Scale Questionnaire (DS1K) was published in 2008 by Halmai et al. This scale was used in our large sample study, in the framework of the For Healthy Offspring project, involving parents of young children. The original questionnaire was developed in small samples, so our aim was to assist further development of the instrument by the psychometric analysis of the data in our large sample (n=1164).

Relationship of environmental tobacco smoke to otitis media (OM) in children.

Introduction: Many, but not all, studies have found a correlation between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and acute otitis media (AOM) and other adverse otologic outcomes. Given its high personal and societal costs and the divergent findings of the effect of ETS on middle ear disease, the aim of the current study was to assess the impact and possible determinant factors of ETS on recurrent (two or more) episodes of AOM.

Methods: The study was performed at Heim Pal Children's Hospital, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department, Budapest, Hungary.

Effect of diet and physical exercise treatment on insulin resistance syndrome of schoolchildren.

Background: Insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) of schoolchildren may contribute to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) of young adults. The investigation of different steps, baseline screening parameters and treatment of IRS may help the prevention.

Methods: Schoolchildren (53 boys and 61 girls age 5-17 years) because of adverse family history of CVD, hypertension, and obesity were investigated.

Polymorphism in the promoter region of the apolipoprotein A5 gene is associated with an increased susceptibility for coronary artery disease.

Although triglycerides (TG) are a major risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), their exact role is still controversial. Recently, a T/C polymorphism in the promoter region of the apoA5 gene at position 1131 has been found that is associated with an increased plasma TG concentration. We investigated the role of this polymorphism in 308 Hungarian patients with CAD referred to coronary bypass surgery, and in 310 controls recruited from the same area.

[Risk factors for sudden infant death in the practice of Hungarian neonatal departments].

Sudden infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is recognized to be one of the main causes of postneonatal mortality. The WHO Regional Office for Europe was carrying out in 1999 a study at maternity level in SIDS. The study instrument for conducting this survey was a simple questionnaire, and the basis was the fact, that the SIDS has been strongly associated with prone infant sleeping position.

Influence of apolipoprotein E genotypes on serum lipid parameters in a biracial sample of children.

Unlabelled: The goals of this study were to compare the allelic distribution of the apolipoprotein E(apoE) gene in Hungarian and Hungarian Gypsy children and to examine the impact of apoE polymorphism on quantitative levels of lipids in the two racial groups. Our data yielded calculated allele frequencies of 6.4% and 8.

[Preliminary results of the study of the relationship between cricopharyngeal incoordination and gastroesophageal reflux in infants].

The authors summarise the results of barium swallow examinations and polysomnographic studies performed on 66 infants (41 male, 25 female), average age 63 days (26-130 days). Oesophageal pH monitoring was also performed as part of the polysomnographic examination. The results showed the highest incidence of cricopharyngeal incoordination (CPI) in the 6-10 weeks age group.

C112R, W323S, N317K mutations in the vasopressin V2 receptor gene in patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Mutations in brief no. 165. Online.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare, mostly X-linked recessive disorder characterized by renal tubular resistance to the antidiuretic effect of arginine vasopressin. The gene responsible for the X-linked NDI, the G-protein-coupled vasopressin V2 receptor, has been localized on the Xq28 region. In this study we present three NDI families from Hungary with three different missense mutations in the vasopressin V2 receptor gene.

[Objective audiologic assessment of children treated with amikacin].

Hearing assessment of 14 children suffered from urinary tract infection and treated by amikacin is reported. The dosage of amikacin was 7.5 mg/kg/daily for 10 days and the serum level of amikacin not exceeded the 35 mcg/ml.

Chemokine receptor CCR2 and CCR5 polymorphisms in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Studies have shown the important roles of several regulatory and proinflammatory cytokines in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). CC-chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 bind chemokines that are involved in the trafficking of leukocytes in both basal and inflammatory states. A common 32-bp deletion mutation in the CCR5 gene (CCR5delta32) and a G-to-A nucleotide substitution in the CCR2 at position 190 (CCR2-64I) have recently been described.

[Polysomnographic screening of infants at risk for SIDS].

The authors present a Sudden Infant Death Syndrome prevention program. The study analyses the data of 92 children having participated in the complex prevention program, including polysomnography, between May 1997 and February 1998. The role of polysomnography and its use as a clinical method is described through the statistical analysis of the results of the study.

High prevalence of silent celiac disease in preschool children screened with IgA/IgG antiendomysium antibodies.

Background: Because of the different sensitivity and specificity of serologic tests, the search for silent celiac disease is usually performed with the combined or sequential use of several tests. Among these, the IgA-class endomysium antibody test has the highest specificity and positive predictive value, but it may overlook IgA-deficient patients.

Methods: To test a new one-step screening approach, serum samples from 427 apparently healthy, 3- to 6-year-old Hungarian children were investigated for IgA-class and IgG-class endomysium antibodies using monkey esophagus and human jejunum as substrates.

[Body composition in overweight children, healthy children as well as children with mucoviscidosis, measured by multifrequency impedance].

The body composition of a total of 90 children (aged 5-18) were subjected to multifrequency impedance measurement with a Human IM Scan impedance analyser. We compared data of 30 overweight children (17 boys, 13 girls; mean age 11.47 yrs, range: 4-17 yrs), 30 children with cystic fibrosis (12 boys, 18 girls; mean age 12.

[Molecular biological studies on patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus].

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a rare, mostly X-linked recessive disorder characterised by renal tubular resistance to the antidiuretic effect of arginine vasopressin. The gene responsible for the X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, the G-protein-coupled vasopressin V2-receptor, has been localised on the Xq28 region. In this study four patients were investigated with molecular genetic methods.

[Evaluation of hearing loss by means of inner ear acoustic emission in neonates treated with aminoglycoside].

Despite their ototoxic and other side effects, aminoglycosides are still widely used in the treatment of neonatal infections. A novel method for evaluation of hearing loss is distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE). Physiologic acoustic energy-emission produced by sound stimulus in the inner ear is detected by DPOAE.

[Screening of newborn infants for medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in Hungary].

The authors publish for the first time the Hungarian frequency of the medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency. The determination was carried out with molecular biological methods in 1121 newborns. The disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, caused by mutation in the enzyme gene.

[The role of modern imaging methods in the determination of childhood obesity].

Authors compare on the basis of their examinations carried out with modern imaging methods the ultrasound and computer tomography techniques in order to determine the fatty layer of the body surface and the visceral fatty quantities. Ultrasound is well usable and documentable to determine the fatty layer of the body surface, because it is not invasive. Computer tomography is more precise but it is a methodology involving x-ray burden.

Lp(a) and the risk of coronary heart disease.

A screening study was performed on 106 children with familial risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) and on matched controls. The two groups differed in several parameters. Children of CHD patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of Lp(a) and total cholesterol, reduced HDL apo A1 and apo A2 and increased values of serum hexuronic acid.

Quantitative determination of fatty tissue on body surface in obese children by ultrasound method.

Authors compared a new ultrasound method with the recognized anthropometrical examination in obese children. Between the two methods the determination of body fat did not indicate any divergence. In extreme obesity they considered the advantage of ultrasound examination more reliable.