Stiffness of Experimentally Tested Horizontally Loaded Walls and Timber-Framed Modular Building.

This paper presents an overview of representative up-to-date research and the authors' own experimental results from tests of wall elements and a horizontally loaded timber-framed modular building. The research has been conducted in connection with the development of timber-based structures in recent years. In the present research, wall elements and modules of timber-frame construction with life-size dimensions were used.

Description of Material Properties of Degraded and Damaged Segments of Multi-Leaf Masonry in Analyses of Large Three-Dimensional Structures.

This article focuses on the description of material properties of segments of masonry structures in three-dimensional analyses. It mainly considers degraded and damaged multi-leaf masonry walls. In the beginning, the causes of degradation and damage to masonry are described with examples.