A descriptive analysis of sarcopenia markers in young adults with down syndrome.

Background: Most body composition research in individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) has focused on overweight and obesity. Although limited research has shown muscle mass indexes and physical performance levels of adults with DS are similar to or lower than older adults with sarcopenia, there is still a large gap in the literature regarding sarcopenia.

Objective: This brief report provides a comprehensive descriptive analysis of sarcopenia and obesity markers in individuals with DS.

Strengthening potential of recent peat dating.

This study concerned high-resolution age reconstructions of modern organic deposits collected from peatlands distributed in Central Europe. The main focus was on Pb radioisotope as a fundamental geochronometer along with C and Pu radioisotopes used for dating verification. In addition to simple classical models such as CF/CS or CF, the new approach formulated upon the Plum method was implemented.

Problematic overstudying, Big Five personality, and music performance anxiety: associations with well-being and GPA.

Background: Problematic overstudying is a compulsive and pathological overinvolvement in studying leading to harm and considerable functional impairments. It is conceptualized as "study addiction," a precursor to work addiction. It has been investigated within the addictive behaviours framework in general populations of students for over a decade.

Muscle quality index comparisons between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Caucasians using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and handgrip strength.

Background & Aims: Muscle quality index (MQI) can be computed in various ways. Also, many studies have evaluated MQI in older adults and non-Hispanic populations. The aim of this study was to compare various muscle quality indexes between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Caucasians when stratifying grip strength and appendicular lean mass measurements.

Comparisons between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedance devices for appendicular lean mass and muscle quality in Hispanic adults.

The purpose of this study was to compare single- and multi-frequency bioimpedance (BIA) devices against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for appendicular lean mass (ALM) and muscle quality index (MQI) metrics in Hispanic adults. One hundred thirty-one Hispanic adults (18-55 years) participated in this study. ALM was measured with single-frequency bioimpedance analysis (SFBIA), multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis (MFBIA) and DXA.

Genetic correlations between liver fat content, metabolic health, and adiposity distribution in the Fels Longitudinal Study.

Background And Aims: Hepatic steatosis is known to be heritable, but its genetic basis is mostly uncharacterized. Steatosis is associated with metabolic and adiposity features; recent studies hypothesize that shared genetic effects between these traits could account for some of the unexplained heritability. This study aimed to quantify these genetic associations in a family-based sample of non-Hispanic white adults.

Exploring the key drivers of responsive parenting in mothers and fathers - observed and self-reported responsiveness.

Background: This article explores parental responsiveness - the ability of a parent to react to a child's needs adequately, promptly, and with tenderness and synchrony. Parental responsiveness can be measured using observational and self-report scales. The purpose of this study was to explore whether individual differences in empathy and attachment in mothers and fathers and their satisfaction with their relationship are predictors of parental responsiveness toward infants.

Anti-Müllerian hormone levels are associated with skeletal maturity in adolescent girls in the Fels Longitudinal Study.

The role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a potential marker of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, is not well established in adolescent females. Most studies use secondary sexual characteristics or chronological age as predictors for AMH. Skeletal maturity, an indicator of bone development, has not been examined to predict AMH.

Deuterium oxide validation of bioimpedance total body water estimates in Hispanic adults.

Background: To date, body composition assessments in Hispanics, computed via bioimpedance devices, have primarily focused on body fat percent, fat mass, and fat-free mass instead of total body water (TBW). Additionally, virtually no information is available on which type of bioimpedance device is preferred for TBW assessments in Hispanic populations.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate two bioimpedance devices for the estimate of TBW in Hispanics adults when using a criterion deuterium oxide (DO) technique.

Evaluation of a Rapid Four-Compartment Model and Stand-Alone Methods in Hispanic Adults.

Background: A rapid 4-compartment (4C) model integrates dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis (MFBIA), which may be useful for clinical and research settings seeking to employ a multi-compartment model.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the added benefit of a rapid 4C model over stand-alone DXA and MFBIA when estimating body composition.

Methods: One hundred and thirty participants (n = 60 male; n = 70 female) of Hispanic descent were included in the present analysis.

Perceived quality of sleep across the menopausal transition: A retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: To compare sleep quality among naturally and surgically post-menopausal women, and to identify lifestyle factors that predict sleep quality in pre, peri, and postmenopausal women.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of data collected from 429 women who participated in Fels Longitudinal Study data. Sleep quality, based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, demographics, medical history, depression, quality of life, and physical activity levels were included in the analysis.

Synthesis of palaeoecological data from the Polish Lowlands suggests heterogeneous patterns of old-growth forest loss after the Migration Period.

Human impact on Central European forests dates back thousands of years. In this study we reanalyzed 36 published pollen data sets with robust chronologies from Polish Lowlands to determine the patterns of large-scale forest decline after the Migration Period (fourth to sixth century CE). The study revealed substantial heterogeneity in the old-growth forest decline patterns.

Anthropocene history of rich fen acidification in W Poland - Causes and indicators of change.

In the time of the global climate crisis, it is vital to protect and restore peatlands to maintain their functioning as carbon sinks. Otherwise, their transformations may trigger a shift to a carbon source state and further contribute to global warming. In this study, we focused on eutrophication, which resulted in the transition from rich fen to poor fen conditions on the Kazanie fen (central Greater Poland, western Poland Central Europe).

Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked to spatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic.

The Black Death (1347-1352 CE) is the most renowned pandemic in human history, believed by many to have killed half of Europe's population. However, despite advances in ancient DNA research that conclusively identified the pandemic's causative agent (bacterium Yersinia pestis), our knowledge of the Black Death remains limited, based primarily on qualitative remarks in medieval written sources available for some areas of Western Europe. Here, we remedy this situation by applying a pioneering new approach, 'big data palaeoecology', which, starting from palynological data, evaluates the scale of the Black Death's mortality on a regional scale across Europe.

Congenital Cataracts and Microphakia with Retinal Dysplasia and Optic Nerve Hypoplasia in a Calf.

. A two-month-old, female, Aberdeen-Angus calf was presented for congenital cataracts and blindness in both eyes (OU). The dam had a reported history of visual defects (not specified) and had produced other affected calves (per owner history).

Rifampicin has - Compared to clindamycin - A dose and time dependent effect on hMSCs during osteogenic differentiation .

Background: The effects of rifampicin and clindamycin on human mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) were examined.

Methods: hMSC were cultured with rifampicin and clindamycin (0.5 μg/ml, 5 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml) and examinations of proliferation (Bromodeoxyuridine), calcification (Alizarin red) and mineralization (alkaline phosphatase) were performed after 7th, 14th and 21st days.

Effect of total body water estimates via bioimpedance on bod pod-based three-compartment body fat models.

Background/objectives: Previous research has compared 2- and 3-compartment (2C and 3C, respectively) models against criterion 4-compartment (4C) models while utilizing the same body density (D) method for all measures. This design induces an inherent bias and obscures the added benefit of a 3C model over the simpler 2-compartment (2C) models.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of total body water estimates via single-frequency (SF-BIA) and multi-frequency (MF-BIA) bioimpedance analysis on body fat estimates derived from air displacement plethysmography (ADP)-derived 3C models.

Longitudinal antimüllerian hormone and its correlation with pubertal milestones.

Objective: To examine the changes in AMH levels longitudinally over time and their relationship with both body composition, particularly abdominal adiposity, and milestones of pubertal development in female children.

Design: Secondary analysis of a prospective, longitudinal study.

Setting: University affiliated research center and laboratories.

An Innovative Model Integrating an Academic-Practice Partnership in an RN-BSN Program.

Research demonstrates a higher concentration of bachelor of science in nursing (BSN)-prepared registered nurses improves patient care outcomes. To increase the BSN workforce, one academic institution, in collaboration with a practice partner, formed an academic-practice partnership. Strategic actions included the development of the integration model for the RN-BSN program as a framework for program expansion, curricular revision, nurse leader faculty integration, and student clinical placement.

A solution for factorial validity testing of three-item scales: An example of tau-equivalent strict measurement invariance of three-item loneliness scale.

Ultra-short scales are increasingly popular in surveys. Congeneric model fit of a three-item scale cannot be tested with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) without additional assumptions because the number of degrees of freedom is equal to zero. A more rigorous tau-equivalent model, assuming equality of factor loadings can be tested instead.

The impact of metabolic syndrome on mental health-related quality of life and depressive symptoms.

Purpose: Results examining associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and depression, as well as on quality of life (QoL), are inconsistent. We aimed to determine whether individuals with MetS had decreased mental health-related QoL (MH-QoL) and higher frequency of depressive symptoms.

Methods: Data from 1,015 participants from the Fels Longitudinal Study were analyzed (mean age ± SD: 49.

Development of a Transformative Standardized Approach for Written Communication Skills in an Online RN-BS Program.

The perceived quality of health care received is highly dependent upon the quality of communication between patients and their health care providers and between members of the health care team (Institute of Medicine, 2003). A comprehensive, standardized module for developing effective writing skills was established and integrated in a research-intensive university in the southeastern United States. One year after integration, more than 60 percent of students and 50 percent of targeted courses accessed and adopted the module.

Innate and adaptive immunity associated with resolution of acute woodchuck hepatitis virus infection in adult woodchucks.

Viral and/or host factors that are directly responsible for the acute versus chronic outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection have not been identified yet. Information on immune response during the early stages of HBV infection in humans is mainly derived from blood samples of patients with acute hepatitis B (AHB), which are usually obtained after the onset of clinical symptoms. Features of intrahepatic immune response in these patients are less studied due to the difficulty of obtaining multiple liver biopsies.

Encounter Decision Aids Can Prompt Breast Cancer Surgery Cost Discussions: Analysis of Recorded Consultations.

Patients frequently worry about care costs, but clinicians seldom address the topic. Cost information is not typically included in patient decision aids (DAs). We examined whether including cost information in an encounter DA, with clinician training, influenced cost conversations.