Overreactive macrophages in SARS-CoV-2 infection: The effects of ACEI.

Among various factors influencing the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans, macrophage overactivation is considered the main cause of the cytokine storm that leads to severe complications of COVID-19. Moreover, the increased expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), an obligatory entry receptor of the coronavirus, caused by treatment with ACE inhibitors (ACEI) lowered overall confidence in the safety of these drugs. However, analysis of the course of coronavirus infection in patients treated with ACEI does not support these concerns.

The complete anatomy of the lingual nerve: A meta-analysis with implications for oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Lingual nerve (LN) injury during surgical procedures in the third molar region warrants a detailed study of its common pathway and important variations. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze and compile the multiple anatomical variations of the LN for use in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It is anticipated that the results of the present meta-analysis may help to minimize the possible complications when performing procedures associated with this anatomical entity.

The effect of the calibre and length of needle on the stability of sclerosing foam.

Objectives: Little is known how calibre and length of needles affect the stability of sclerosing foam.

Methods: Foams were made of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 3% polidocanol, and 0.

Oils' Impact on Comprehensive Fatty Acid Analysis and Their Metabolites in Rats.

Fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated, and their metabolites (eicosanoids) play many pivotal roles in human body, influencing various physiological and pathological processes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with edible oils diverse in terms of fatty acid composition on fatty acid contents, activities of converting their enzymes, and on lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic and linoleic acids (eicosanoids) in rat serum. Female Sprague-Dawley rats divided into seven groups were used in the study.

Collapsibility of the internal jugular veins in the lateral decubitus body position: A potential protective role of the cerebral venous outflow against neurodegeneration.

Recent research has revealed that patients with neurodegenerative disease sleep longer in the supine position, while healthy controls prefer sleeping in the lateral decubitus position. Thus, sleeping in the lateral position seems to be protective against neurodegeneration. It has also been suggested that a protective role of this body position could be associated with better cerebral venous drainage in this body position, which results in more active glymphatic system of the brain (the system responsible for clearance of the cerebral tissue from waste products, e.

Possible Role of Glymphatic System of the Brain in the Pathogenesis of High-Altitude Cerebral Edema.

In this article, we suggest that the glymphatic system of the brain can play an important role in the pathogenesis of high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). Water enters the intercellular space of the brain primarily through aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) water channels, the main component of the glymphatic system, whereas acetazolamide, pharmacological agent used in the prevention of HACE, is the blocker of the AQP-4 molecule. In animal experiments, cerebral edema caused by hypobaric hypoxia was associated with an increased expression of AQP-4 by astrocytes.

The Afrotropical genus Rhinolaetia Schouteden, 1965 and its systematic position within Scutelleridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera).

The monotypic Afrotropical genus Rhinolaetia Schouteden, 1865 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) is redescribed. The head, wings, female genitalia and habitus of Rhinolaetia overlaeti Schouteden, 1965 are illustrated. Morphological features of Rhinolaetia and selected representatives of six scutellerid subfamilies are listed and compared.

Natural course of preadolescent loss of control eating.

Cross-sectional evidence shows that loss of control (LOC) eating is a common and psychopathologically relevant experience in preadolescence. This study sought to investigate the natural course of preadolescent LOC eating in relation to psychopathology and body weight trajectory. A community sample of 55 children ages 8-13 years with LOC eating, defined as at least one episode of LOC eating within the past 3 months (LOC+), and 59 matched children without LOC history (LOC-), were assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination adapted for Children and self-report questionnaires every 6 months over a 2-year follow-up.

Psychometric evaluation of the eating disorder examination adapted for children.

The Eating Disorder Examination adapted for children (ChEDE) is the child version of the semi-structured gold standard eating disorder interview for adults. This study was a comprehensive test statistic evaluation of the German ChEDE in a large sample of children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa, binge eating disorder, loss of control eating, overweight and obesity, as well as non-eating-disordered and chronically ill control probands (n = 352). Excellent inter-rater reliability, adequate internal consistency and satisfactory stability of ChEDE indicators were demonstrated.

The mesothoracic wings of Afrotropical Scutelleridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): morphology and taxonomic significance.

Mesothoracic wings have been examined and compared in 32 species representing 20 genera of Afrotropical Scutelleridae. Morphological characters of the corium are described. Three main types of mesothoracic wing venation patterns can be recognized.

[Evaluation of selected cereal products as a source of thiamine and niacin in diet].

Background: The priority of the modern diet should be as follows, low processed cereal products that contain high level fiber and vitamins B as well as the products that have low glycemic index. The best source of thiamine and niacin are grain food products which regulate body energy balance, nervous system, circulation as well as fulfill the role as cofactors of enzymes in the human body.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the concentration of thiamine and niacin in selected cereal products.

Psychosocial risk factors of loss of control eating in primary school children: a retrospective case-control study.

Objective: To provide a comprehensive investigation of the retrospective correlates of loss of control (LOC) over eating in children close to the onset of their first LOC eating episodes.

Method: A community-based, case-control design was used to compare matched groups of 60 children with and without LOC eating. Retrospective correlates were assessed using a child-adapted version of the Oxford Risk Factor Interview.

[Nutritional status and physical activity among citizens of Pomorze].

Physical activity constitute a key factor of healthy lifestyle. Physical activity decreases the risk of many chronic diseases--notably obesity, diabetes, coronary heart disease and cancer. It is recommended to be physically active at least 90 min (3 days per 30 min) of vigorous activity or 150 min (5 days per 30 min) of moderate activity per week.

[Behavioral indicators of loss of control over eating: bite size and bite velocity].

Loss of control (LOC) over eating is a common and psychopathologically relevant experience in childhood. The current study aimed at evaluating bite size and bite velocity as behavioral indicators of LOC eating in an experimental test meal study with a variation of mood. Children with or without LOC eating (N=120, 8-13 years) consumed a parent-child test meal and a child-only meal consisting of snack food, following induction of negative mood.

Adiponectin--its potential to predict and prevent coronary artery disease.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that epicardial adipose tissue may contribute locally to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated how local and systemic adiponectin, an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitizing properties, is related to the presence of CAD and cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: Serum and adipose tissue samples from subcutaneous and pericoronary depots were collected from sixty consecutive patients with CAD who required coronary artery bypass grafting or patients without CAD who underwent cardiac surgery for aortic valve replacement.

Mealtime family interactions in home environments of children with loss of control eating.

Experimental and self-report studies have shown that parents have a strong influence on their normal or overweight children's eating behavior, i.e. through parental feeding behavior or communication.

Evaluation for magnesium and vitamin B6 supplementation among Polish elite athletes.

Contemporary sport requires a lot of effort from sportsmen, frequently exceeding their maximum physical and mental efficiency. Athletes often report poor dietary habits and reach for magnesium and vitamin B supplements to avoid dietary deficiencies. The aim of this study was to determine magnesium and vitamin B6 content in daily food rations of Polish athletes and to verify the justification of diet supplementation.

Personality and psychopathology in children with and without loss of control over eating.

Background: In children with loss of control (LOC) over eating, recent research has revealed evidence for distinct personality features, such as more impulsivity. The aim of this study was to assess parent- and child-report personality profiles in children with and without LOC over eating and to relate these profiles to general and eating-disorder psychopathology.

Method: A total of 120 children (60 with LOC over eating; 68 girls) aged 8 to 13 years were recruited from the community.

Eating behavior and familial interactions of children with loss of control eating: a laboratory test meal study.

Background: Loss of control (LOC) eating in children leads to excessive weight gain. However, few studies have investigated the eating behavior of children with LOC eating and psychological and familial factors that maintain the eating behavior.

Objective: This study sought to measure food intake in children with LOC eating and to examine maintenance through negative mood and parent-child mealtime interactions.

[Consumption of fruits and vegetables among university and college students in Gdansk and Sopot].

The aim of the study was the determination of daily servings consumption and evaluation of frequency consumption of fruit and vegetables among university and college students. The study was carried out on the group of 180 students and was assessed by means of food frequency questionnaire. Students mostly ate from 1 to 2 servings of vegetables and 2 servings of fruit per day.

Emotion regulation and binge eating in children.

Objective: To examine the ability to regulate emotions in children with binge eating.

Method: A community sample of 60 children ages 8-13 with at least one episode of loss of control (LOC) eating during the past 3 months and a matched control group without LOC (n = 60) underwent a clinical interview (Eating Disorder Examination adapted for Children) and completed self-report questionnaires assessing emotion regulation strategies, eating pathology, and depressive symptoms.

Results: Children with LOC eating made a significantly higher use of dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies (p < .

Binge eating in primary school children: towards a definition of clinical significance.

Objective: This study investigated the diagnostic validity of the DSM-IV-TR criteria for binge eating disorder as well as proposed diagnostic criteria in younger children with and without loss of control (LOC) eating.

Method: A total of 60 children with at least one episode of loss of control over eating within the past 3 months and 60 matched children without LOC history were recruited from the community. Clinical interviews and self-report questionnaires were used to assess psychopathology.

Loss of control eating and psychological maintenance in children: an ecological momentary assessment study.

Objective: Recent research suggests that binge eating is a common experience in youth. However, it remains largely unknown how children's binge eating presents in everyday life and which psychological factors serve to maintain this binge eating.

Methods: Children aged 8-13 years with binge eating (n=59), defined as at least one episode of loss of control (LOC) over eating within the past three months, and 59 matched children without LOC history were recruited from the community.

[Nutritional habits and diet supplementation of Polish middle and long distance representative runners (years 2004-2005)].

Nutrition is essential element of sport training. Owing to providing to diet optimal amount of nutritive components sportsmen can realize adequate training process. Athletes often use supplements believing that they can help them to achieve sport success.

Progression of colorectal cancers correlates with overexpression and loss of polarization of expression of the htid-1 tumor suppressor.

Recently, we identified htid-1, the human counterpart of the Drosophila tumor suppressor gene lethal(2)tumorous imaginal discs [l(2)tid], as a direct molecular ligand of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor. The gene encodes three cytosolic (Tid50, Tid48 and Tid46) and three mitochondrial (Tid43, Tid40 and Tid38) proteins. In the colorectal epithelium the cytosolic forms hTid50/hTid48 interact under physiological conditions with the N-terminal region of APC.