Towards Fairness-Aware Federated Learning.

Recent advances in federated learning (FL) have brought large-scale collaborative machine learning opportunities for massively distributed clients with performance and data privacy guarantees. However, most current works focus on the interest of the central controller in FL and overlook the interests of the FL clients. This may result in unfair treatment of clients, which discourages them from actively participating in the learning process and damages the sustainability of the FL ecosystem.

Dynamic Link Prediction for Discovery of New Impactful COVID-19 Research Approaches.

In fighting the COVID-19 pandemic, the main challenges include the lack of prior research and the urgency to find effective solutions. It is essential to accurately and rapidly summarize the relevant research work and explore potential solutions for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19. It is a daunting task to summarize the numerous existing research works and to assess their effectiveness.

Towards AI-powered personalization in MOOC learning.

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) represent a form of large-scale learning that is changing the landscape of higher education. In this paper, we offer a perspective on how advances in artificial intelligence (AI) may enhance learning and research on MOOCs. We focus on emerging AI techniques including how knowledge representation tools can enable students to adjust the sequence of learning to fit their own needs; how optimization techniques can efficiently match community teaching assistants to MOOC mediation tasks to offer personal attention to learners; and how virtual learning companions with human traits such as curiosity and emotions can enhance learning experience on a large scale.

Mitigating Herding in Hierarchical Crowdsourcing Networks.

Hierarchical crowdsourcing networks (HCNs) provide a useful mechanism for social mobilization. However, spontaneous evolution of the complex resource allocation dynamics can lead to undesirable herding behaviours in which a small group of reputable workers are overloaded while leaving other workers idle. Existing herding control mechanisms designed for typical crowdsourcing systems are not effective in HCNs.

A dataset of human decision-making in teamwork management.

Today, most endeavours require teamwork by people with diverse skills and characteristics. In managing teamwork, decisions are often made under uncertainty and resource constraints. The strategies and the effectiveness of the strategies different people adopt to manage teamwork under different situations have not yet been fully explored, partially due to a lack of detailed large-scale data.

A Coral Reef Algorithm Based on Learning Automata for the Coverage Control Problem of Heterogeneous Directional Sensor Networks.

Coverage control is one of the most fundamental issues in directional sensor networks. In this paper, the coverage optimization problem in a directional sensor network is formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem. It takes into account the coverage rate of the network, the number of working sensor nodes and the connectivity of the network.

Blunt microdissection and rotational atherectomy: an effective combination for the resistant chronic total occlusion.

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTO) has a lower success rate than nontotal occlusions. Like nontotal coronary occlusions, successful procedural outcomes of CTOs confers improvement in clinical outcomes. Reasons for unsuccessful PCI of CTOs may stem from various steps of the procedure including failure to cross the occlusion with a guidewire or a balloon, or failure to adequately dilate or modify the lesion.

Aortic valvular regurgitation: prevalence and clinical characteristics in a predominantly obese adult population not taking anorexigens.

Background: We recently reported the prevalence of aortic regurgitation (AR) by Doppler echocardiography (echo) in obese subjects to be higher than in some previous reports.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of AR in an obese population not taking anorexigens as a function of demographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, and other potential predictors.

Methods: In 539 adult subjects, cardiovascular status was evaluated by medical history, physical examination, and Doppler echocardiograms performed according to a standardized imaging protocol.

Treatment of post-stenotic saphenous vein graft aneurysm: special considerations with the polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent.

The use of the polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stents is expanding and its full potential in percutaneous coronary intervention is still being defined. The synthetic covered stent has been used in the treatment of coronary as well as saphenous vein graft disease. In the treatment of relatively large aneurysms of saphenous vein grafts, however, the technical and anatomic aspects may be unusual and challenging.

Rheolytic thrombectomy with distal filter embolic protection as adjunctive therapies to high-risk saphenous vein graft intervention.

Percutaneous intervention of saphenous vein graft (SVG), especially those with heavy atherothrombotic load, presents high risk for distal embolization and no-reflow. Using the distal filters alone may occasionally be disadvantageous because of the large debris burden and the inability to assess the underlying culprit lesions and vessel size accurately. We present a case of intervention of an occluded SVG using a combination of rheolytic thrombectomy and distal filter embolic protection as a pretreatment before stenting.