Transcriptomics Reveals the Pathway for Increasing L. Yield under Foliar Application of Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles.

In this study, L seedlings after 6 weeks of soil cultivation were treated with foliar application of TiO NPs (20 mg/L) for different times. Transcriptomics analysis was employed to investigate the impact of TiO NPs on the physiology, growth, and yield of L. Results showed that TiO NPs' exposure significantly increased the biomass, total phosphorus, and catalase enzyme activity by 23.

Toxicity assessment of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) on a spontaneous plant, velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), via metabolomics.

Spontaneous plants often play important ecological roles in terrestrial environments, but impacts of contaminants on spontaneous plants are seldom investigated. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) are ubiquitous in rural and urban soils. In this study, we assessed the effects of PFOS on a spontaneous plant, velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), using endpoints such as plant growth, stress defense, PFOS uptake, and elemental and metabolite profile.

Divergent effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles alone and in combination with cadmium on nutrient acquisition and the growth of maize ().

Introduction: The increasing use of cerium nanoparticles (CeO-NPs) has made their influx in agroecosystems imminent through air and soil deposition or untreated wastewater irrigation. Another major pollutant associated with anthropogenic activities is Cd, which has adverse effects on plants, animals, and humans. The major source of the influx of Cd and Ce metals in the human food chain is contaminated food, making it an alarming issue; thus, there is a need to understand the factors that can reduce the potential damage of these heavy metals.

Influence of ionic cerium and cerium oxide nanoparticles on Zea mays seedlings grown with and without cadmium.

Cerium (Ce) and cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO-NPs) have diversified reported effects on plants. Once dispersed in the environment their fate is not well understood, especially in co-existence with other pollutants like cadmium (Cd). The effect of co-application of Ce and Cd are reported in various studies, but the role of Ce source (ionic or bulk) and nanoparticle size is still unknown in cereal plants like maize (Zea mays).

Metabolomics of wheat grains generationally-exposed to cerium oxide nanoparticles.

This study investigated changes in metabolite compositions over three generation exposure of wheat (Triticum aestivum) to cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO-NPs) in low or high nitrogen soil. The goal was to determine if CeO-NPs affects grains/seeds quality across generational exposure. Seeds from plants exposed for two generations to 0 or 500 mg CeO-NPs per kg soil treatment were cultivated for third year in low or high nitrogen soil amended with 0 or 500 mg CeO-NPs per kg soil.

Wheat exposure to cerium oxide nanoparticles over three generations reveals transmissible changes in nutrition, biochemical pools, and response to soil N.

This study investigated the effects of third generation exposure to cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO-NPs) on biomass, elemental and N uptake, and fatty acid contents of wheat (Triticum aestivum). At low or high nitrogen treatment (48 or 112 mg N), seeds exposed for two generations to 0 or 500 mg CeO-NPs per kg soil treatment were cultivated for third year in soil amended with 0 or 500 mg CeO-NPs per kg soil. The results showed that parental and current exposures to CeO-NPs increased the root biomass in daughter plants with greater magnitude of increase at low N than high N.

Shifts in N and δN in wheat and barley exposed to cerium oxide nanoparticles.

The effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO-NPs) on N/N ratio (δN) in wheat and barley were investigated. Seedlings were exposed to 0 and 500 mg CeO-NPs/L (Ce-0 and Ce-500, respectively) in hydroponic suspension supplied with NHNO, NH , or NO . N uptake and δN discrimination (i.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles transformation at the root-soil interface of barley ( L.).

The transformation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO-NPs) in soil and its role in plant uptake is a critical knowledge gap in the literature. This study investigated the reduction and speciation of CeO-NPs in barley ( L.) cultivated in soil amended with 250 mg CeO-NPs kg soil.

Intergenerational responses of wheat ( L.) to cerium oxide nanoparticles exposure.

The intergenerational impact of engineered nanomaterials in plants is a key knowledge gap in the literature. A soil microcosm study was performed to assess the effects of multi-generational exposure of wheat ( L.) to cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO-NPs).

Effects of uncoated and citric acid coated cerium oxide nanoparticles, bulk cerium oxide, cerium acetate, and citric acid on tomato plants.

Little is known about the physiological and biochemical responses of plants exposed to surface modified nanomaterials. In this study, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants were cultivated for 210days in potting soil amended with uncoated and citric acid coated cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2, CA+nCeO2) bulk cerium oxide (bCeO2), and cerium acetate (CeAc).

Foliar applied nanoscale and microscale CeO2 and CuO alter cucumber (Cucumis sativus) fruit quality.

There is lack of information about the effects of foliar applied nanoparticles on fruit quality. In this study, three week-old soil grown cucumber seedlings were foliar-exposed to nCeO2, nCuO, and corresponding bulk counterparts at 50, 100, and 200mg/L. Respective suspensions/solutions were sprayed to experimental units in a volume of 250ml.

Physiological and biochemical response of soil-grown barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to cerium oxide nanoparticles.

A soil microcosm study was performed to examine the impacts of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) on the physiology, productivity, and macromolecular composition of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The plants were cultivated in soil treated with nCeO2 at 0, 125, 250, and 500 mg kg(-1) (control, nCeO2-L, nCeO2-M, and nCeO2-H, respectively).

Comparative phytotoxicity of ZnO NPs, bulk ZnO, and ionic zinc onto the alfalfa plants symbiotically associated with Sinorhizobium meliloti in soil.

ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are reported as potentially phytotoxic in hydroponic and soil media. However, studies on ZnO NPs toxicity in a plant inoculated with bacterium in soil are limited. In this study, ZnO NPs, bulk ZnO, and ZnCl₂ were exposed to the symbiotic alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.

Differential effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on rice, wheat, and barley roots: a fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy study.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) have extensive industrial applications, and concerns regarding their threat to the environment have been raised. This study includes structural analysis of intact root xylem of rice (Oryza sativaL.), wheat (Triticum aestivumL.

Toxic effects of copper-based nanoparticles or compounds to lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa).

The increased production and use of nanoparticles (NPs) has generated concerns about their impact on living organisms. In this study, nCu, bulk Cu, nCuO, bulk CuO, Cu(OH)2 (CuPRO 2005, Kocide 3000), and CuCl2 were exposed for 15 days to 10 days-old hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Each compound was applied at 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg L(-1).

Cerium oxide nanoparticles impact yield and modify nutritional parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

The implications of engineered nanomaterials on crop productivity and food quality are not yet well understood. The impact of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) on growth and yield attributes and nutritional composition in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was examined.

Evaluation of exposure concentrations used in assessing manufactured nanomaterial environmental hazards: are they relevant?

Manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) are increasingly produced and used in consumer goods, yet our knowledge regarding their environmental risks is limited. Environmental risks are assessed by characterizing exposure levels and biological receptor effects. As MNMs have rarely been quantified in environmental samples, our understanding of exposure level is limited.

Evidence of translocation and physiological impacts of foliar applied CeO2 nanoparticles on cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants.

Currently, most of the nanotoxicity studies in plants involve exposure to the nanoparticles (NPs) through the roots. However, plants interact with atmospheric NPs through the leaves, and our knowledge on their response to this contact is limited. In this study, hydroponically grown cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants were aerially treated either with nano ceria powder (nCeO2) at 0.

CeO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles change the nutritional qualities of cucumber (Cucumis sativus).

There is lack of information about the effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on cucumber fruit quality. This study aimed to determine possible impacts on carbohydrates, proteins, mineral nutrients, and antioxidants in the fruit of cucumber plants grown in soil treated with CeO2 and ZnO NPs at 400 and 800 mg/kg. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to detect changes in functional groups, while ICP-OES and μ-XRF were used to quantify and map the distribution of nutrient elements, respectively.

Trophic transfer, transformation, and impact of engineered nanomaterials in terrestrial environments.

Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are released into the environment with unknown implications in the food chain. Recent findings demonstrate that ENMs may accumulate and/or increase concentrations of the component metal or carbon nanomaterials in the fruits/grains of agricultural crops, have detrimental or beneficial effects on the agronomic traits, yield, and productivity of plants, induce modifications in the nutritional value of food crops, and transfer within trophic levels. Given this information, important questions needed to be resolved include a determination of actual or predicted concentrations of ENMs through the development of new and perhaps hybridized analytical tools, assessment of the nutritional content modifications and/or accumulation of ENMs, component metal, and cocontaminants in edible plants and their implications on human diet, nutrition, and health, assessment of the consequences of ENM-induced changes in soil health, physiological process, and yield on agricultural production and food security, and transfer of ENMs in trophic levels.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles modify the antioxidative stress enzyme activities and macromolecule composition in rice seedlings.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) have been shown to have significant interactions in plants; however, there are limited reports on their impacts in rice (Oryza sativa). Given the widespread environmental dispersal of nCeO2, it is paramount to understand its biochemical and molecular impacts on a globally important agricultural crop, such as rice. This study was carried out to determine the impact of nCeO2 on the oxidative stress, membrane damage, antioxidant enzymes' activities, and macromolecular changes in the roots of rice seedlings.

Physiological effects of nanoparticulate ZnO in green peas (Pisum sativum L.) cultivated in soil.

The toxicological effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in plants are still largely unknown. In the present study, green pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants were treated with 0, 125, 250, and 500 mg kg(-1) of either ZnO NPs or bulk ZnO in organic matter enriched soil.

Effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles on the quality of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grains.

Despite the remarkable number of publications on the interaction of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) with plants, knowledge of the implications of ENPs in the nutritional value of food crops is still limited. This research was performed to study the quality of rice grains harvested from plants grown in soil treated with cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2). Three rice varieties (high, medium, and low amylose) were cultivated to full maturity in soil amended with nCeO2 at 0 and 500 mg kg(-1) soil.

Effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles on rice: a study involving the antioxidant defense system and in vivo fluorescence imaging.

Previous studies have reported the uptake of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) by plants, but their physiological impacts are not yet well understood. This research was aimed to study the impact of nCeO2 on the oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system in germinating rice seeds. The seeds were germinated for 10 days in nCeO2 suspension at 62.