Assessment of Hematopoietic Response to Total Body Irradiation in a Rat Experimental Model.

Background: Exposure to high doses of total body irradiation (TBI) may lead to the development of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). This study was conducted to establish an experimental rat model of TBI to assess the impact of different doses of TBI on survival and the kinetics of changes within the hematopoietic system in ARS.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 132 Lewis rats irradiated with a 5Gy or 7Gy dose served as experimental models to induce ARS and to evaluate the hematopoietic response of the bone marrow (BM) compartment.

Transplantation of Donor-Recipient Chimeric Cells Restores Peripheral Blood Cell Populations and Increases Survival after Total Body Irradiation-Induced Injury in a Rat Experimental Model.

Current therapies for acute radiation syndrome (ARS) involve bone marrow transplantation (BMT), leading to graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). To address this challenge, we have developed a novel donor-recipient chimeric cell (DRCC) therapy to increase survival and prevent GvHD following total body irradiation (TBI)-induced hematopoietic injury without the need for immunosuppression. In this study, 20 Lewis rats were exposed to 7 Gy TBI to induce ARS, and we assessed the efficacy of various cellular therapies following systemic intraosseous administration.

Donor-Recipient Chimeric Cell Transplantation as the Bridging Therapy for Mitigating Total Body Irradiation-Induced Injury.

In recent years, cell-based therapies have emerged as a promising approach for mitigating radiation-induced injury. Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) results from exposure to high doses of radiation over a short time period. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of donor-recipient chimeric cell (DRCC) therapy in mitigating ARS induced by a total body irradiation (TBI) dose of 10 gray (Gy).

Xylan-cellulose core structure of oat water-extractable β-glucan macromolecule: Insight into interactions and organization of the cell wall complex.

Water-extractable β-glucan with high molar mass (HM) determines health benefits of oat food. Oat β-glucan was extracted by a standardized in vitro digestion method and co-existing water-extractable polysaccharide (WEP) fraction and its HM-arabinoxylan (HM-AX) subfraction were isolated to identify their highly acid-resistant subunit and investigate molecular interactions between constituent polymers. The WEP and HM-AX samples consisted of arabinoxylans (AXs) (74 and 76 %, respectively), however, cellulose constituted the secondary component (6.

Impact of VieScope® on first-attempt success during simulated COVID-19 patients intubation: A randomized cross-over simulation trial.

Background: The purpose of our study was to determine the efficacy of intubation with VieScope® and Macintosh laryngoscope in different scenarios of simulated COVID-19 patients by paramedics wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) for aerosol gener-ating procedures (AGPs).

Methods: Study was designed as a prospective, observational, randomized, crossover simulation trial. 37 paramedics took part in the study.

Efficacy and Safety of Video-Laryngoscopy versus Direct Laryngoscopy for Double-Lumen Endotracheal Intubation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The available meta-analyses have inconclusively indicated the advantages of video-laryngoscopy (VL) in different clinical situations; therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine efficacy outcomes such as successful first attempt or time to perform endotracheal intubation as well as adverse events of VL vs. direct laryngoscopes (DL) for double-lumen intubation. First intubation attempt success rate was 87.

Clinical Data Extraction During Public Health Emergencies: A Blockchain Technology Assessment.

Objective: We sought to explore the technical and legal readiness of healthcare institutions for novel data-sharing methods that allow clinical information to be extracted from electronic health records (EHRs) and submitted securely to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) blockchain through a secure data broker (SDB).

Materials And Methods: This assessment was divided into four sections: an institutional EHR readiness assessment, legal consultation, institutional review board application submission, and a test of healthcare data transmission over a blockchain infrastructure.

Results: All participating institutions reported the ability to electronically extract data from EHRs for research.

Evidence of intermolecular associations of β-glucan and high-molar mass xylan in a hot water extract of raw oat groat.

High molar mass (HM) β-glucan present in oat products can reduce the risk of diet-related diseases, mainly owing to significantly increased digesta viscosity in human small intestine. To verify a research hypothesis that arabinoxylan (AX) present in oat water extract is associated with HM-β-glucan and thus may influence its functionality, multi-detection HPSEC coupled with enzymatic hydrolysis, sugar and H NMR analyses were performed. Isolated cell wall polysaccharide fraction comprised branched AX (arabinose-to-xylose ratio, Ara/Xyl ~ 0.

Comparison of intravascular access methods applied by nurses wearing personal protective equipment in simulated COVID-19 resuscitation: A randomized crossover simulation trial.

Background: Prehospital emergency care of children is challenging. In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, when medical personnel should use personal protective equipment against aerosol-generating procedures, the efficiency of medical procedures may decrease. The study objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of different intravascular access methods applied by nurses wearing biosafety Level-2 suits in simulated paediatric COVID-19 resuscitation.

Efficacy of Targeted Temperature Management after Pediatric Cardiac Arrest: A Meta-Analysis of 2002 Patients.

Cardiac arrest (CA) is associated with high mortality and poor life quality. Targeted temperature management (TTM) or therapeutic hypothermia is a therapy increasing the survival of adult patients after CA. The study aim was to assess the feasibility of therapeutic hypothermia after pediatric CA.

The effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular risk factors and urinary mercury in workers employed at electrolytic production of chlorine.

Objectives: While inorganic mercury is being gradually withdrawn from industry, environmental exposure to mercury is recognized as one of the greatest present toxicological problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation on selected cardiovascular risk factors and the urinary mercury (Hg-U) concentration in workers occupationally exposed to mercury vapor.

Material And Methods: Overall, 38 workers of an electrolyzer hall (Hg-U: 46.

Systematic review and meta-analysis appraising efficacy and safety of adrenaline for adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Background: There is a beneficial effect of adrenaline during adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from cardiac arrest but there is also uncertainty about its safety and effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of adrenaline versus non-adrenaline CPR.

Methods: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and Google Scholar databases were searched from their inception up to 1st July 2020.

Evaluation of the frequency of childhood hospitalization due to thermal injuries in the Provincial Polyclinical Hospital in Toruń, Poland, 2007-2011.

Introduction: Burns constitute the most common and severe injuries suffered in childhood.

Objective: The study was aimed at providing a retrospective analysis of the etiology, location, extent and depth of burns, as well as treatment methods and length of hospital stay.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 508 cases of children treated due to a thermal injury between 1 January 2007 31 December 2011 was conducted at the Department of Paediatrics, Urology and Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, L.

Soluble and cell wall-bound phenolic acids and ferulic acid dehydrodimers in rye flour and five bread model systems: insight into mechanisms of improved availability.

Background: The bread-making process influences bread components, including phenolics that significantly contribute to its antioxidant properties. Five bread model systems made from different rye cultivars were investigated to compare their impact on concentration of ethanol-soluble (free and ester-bound) and insoluble phenolics.

Results: Breads produced by a straight dough method without acid addition (A) and three-stage sourdough method with 12 h native starter preparation (C) exhibited the highest, genotype-dependent concentrations of free phenolic acids.

Effects of hydrothermal pretreatment of sugar beet pulp for methane production.

The effect of Liquid Hot Water treatment conditions on the degree of sugar beet pulp (SBP) degradation was studied. The SBP was subjected to hydrothermal processing at temperatures ranging from 120 to 200 °C. The relationship between processing temperature and parameters of liquid and solid fractions of resulting hydrolysates as well as the efficiency of their methane fermentation was determined.

Mode of endosperm and wholemeal arabinoxylans solubilisation during rye breadmaking: genotypic diversity in the level, substitution degree and macromolecular characteristics.

Insight into solubilisation mechanisms of rye arabinoxylans during breadmaking is important for understanding the biochemical processes that affect bread attributes. Purified ethanol precipitated water-extractable arabinoxylans (WE-AX) and residual unextractable counterparts (WU-AX) were isolated from rye flours and resulting breads. While the endosperm flours had lower endoxylanase activities and higher arabinose-to-xylose ratios of WU-AX than those of corresponding wholemeals, there were not any significant differences between them in the mean amounts of WU-AX hydrolysed during breadmaking.

Depolymerization degree of water-extractable arabinoxylans in rye bread: characteristics of inbred lines used for breeding of bread cultivars.

The water-extractable arabinoxylans (WE AXs) present in rye bread govern its viscous properties, which may be related to reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Breads made from rye cultivars generally exhibit higher AX-dependent extract viscosities (Cyran, M. R.

Genetic variation in the extract viscosity of rye (Secale cereale L.) bread made from endosperm and wholemeal flour: impact of high-molecular-weight arabinoxylan, starch and protein.

Background: To verify the viscous potential of rye bread made from population and hybrid cultivars, the overall extract viscosities (EVs) of endosperm and wholemeal breads (EBs and WMBs respectively) were assessed using extractants of different pH. Also, arabinoxylan-dependent EV (AX-EV) was determined after combined action of starch- and protein-degrading enzymes.

Results: The synergistic effect of a combination of α-amylase, amyloglucosidase and protease on EV was almost two times higher than the effects observed after single addition of each of them.

Structural characterization of feruloylated arabinoxylans and xylans released from water-unextractable cell walls of rye outer layers upon treatment with lichenase and cellulase.

Destarched and deproteinated water-unextractable material (WUM) of rye outer layers was sequentially treated with lichenase and cellulase to digest beta-glucans and a part of the cellulose. As a result, the polymeric cell-wall material (CWM) initially associated with these polysaccharides was released into solution (AXL and AXC for lichenase- and cellulase-extractable fractions, respectively). A portion of the material that self-aggregated during extractions was further solubilized with DMSO (XD and XD-P for the fraction left in the solution and that precipitated during dialysis, respectively).

Association and structural diversity of hemicelluloses in the cell walls of rye outer layers: comparison between two ryes with opposite breadmaking quality.

Looking for potential quality indicators, which could be used in early selection of breeding materials, the structural features of cell wall arabinoxylans (AX) from outer layers of the grain (pooled shorts and bran fractions) were studied in two ryes with diverse breadmaking quality. The successive alkaline extraction of water-unextractable material with saturated Ba(OH)2, followed by water and 1 and 4 M NaOH, resulted in four purified fractions, Ba, BaH, 1Na, and 4Na, respectively, that became water soluble after their isolation. The AX present in these fractions constituted approximately 43, 12, 14, and 4% of their total amount recovered.

Cell wall fractions isolated from outer layers of rye grain by sequential treatment with alpha-amylase and proteinase: structural investigation of polymers in two ryes with contrasting breadmaking quality.

Recent studies have indicated that some structural features of arabinoxylans, the major cell wall polysaccharides, might be potential quality markers in the selection of rye breeding materials. To specify the most appropriate characteristics, the differences in the structure of cell wall components were studied in two ryes with high and low breadmaking qualities. Two cell wall fractions were isolated from the outer layers of the grain (pooled shorts and bran fractions) by a consecutive water extraction with alpha-amylase (WE-A) and proteinase K (WE-P).

Heterogeneity in the fine structure of alkali-extractable arabinoxylans isolated from two rye flours with high and low breadmaking quality and their coexistence with other cell wall components.

The alkali extractable (AE) arabinoxylans from two rye flours differing in baking quality were studied following sequential extraction of water-unextractable and starch-free rye flour residue with saturated barium hydroxide solution, water and 1 M sodium hydroxide solution (Ba, BaH, and Na, respectively), and further fractionation of isolated fractions by ammonium sulfate precipitation. (1)H NMR and sugar analyses of AE subfractions provided evidence for the presence of lowly branched arabinoxylans (average arabinose-to-xylose ratio, Ara/Xyl approximately 0.5), containing mainly un- and monosubstituted xylopyranosyl residues (Xylp) in the chain.

Structural features of arabinoxylans extracted with water at different temperatures from two rye flours of diverse breadmaking quality.

The water extractable (WE) arabinoxylans from two rye flours differing in baking quality were studied following sequential extraction with water at 4, 40, and 100 degrees C. Ammonium sulfate fractionation of the resulting WE fractions and subsequent analysis revealed substantial differences in the structure of the isolated materials. Furthermore, it allowed us to identify the factors contributing to arabinoxylan water extractability.