Training secondary school students as anti-smoke ambassadors using the service-learning model: A cluster randomized controlled trial with hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation design study protocol.

Background: Evidence shows that using the AWARD (Ask, Warn, Advise, Refer, Do-it-again) model with service-learning model in youngsters may be an appropriate strategy to refer young smokers for early smoking cessation services. Therefore this study aims to promote smoking cessation by training secondary school students as anti-smoke ambassadors (ASAs) with increased knowledge, skills and self-efficacy on smoking cessation and AWARD model using service-learning model.

Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted in 14 secondary schools in Hong Kong.

Psychosocial treatment options for adolescents and young adults with alcohol use disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Psychosocial intervention is imperative for treating alcohol use disorder (AUD), but there is no comprehensive evidence regarding its effectiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in treating AUD amongadolescents and young adults.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, articles were searched from EMBASE, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus.

Closed-loop electrical stimulation to prevent focal epilepsy progression and long-term memory impairment.

Unlabelled: Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are ubiquitously expressed in epileptic networks and disrupt cognitive functions. It is unclear whether addressing IED-induced dysfunction could improve epilepsy outcomes as most therapeutics target seizures. We show in a model of progressive hippocampal epilepsy that IEDs produce pathological oscillatory coupling which is associated with prolonged, hypersynchronous neural spiking in synaptically connected cortex and expands the brain territory capable of generating IEDs.

Impact of inherited bleeding disorders on maternal bleeding and other pregnancy outcomes: A population-based cohort study.

Introduction: Increasing rate of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) has been observed between 2003 and 2010 in Canada. Inherited bleeding disorders contribute to the risk of PPH.

Aim: To identify the trend in PPH in the last decade, assess the impact of bleeding disorders on pregnancy outcomes and evaluate their coagulation workup during pregnancy.

An integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention among Hong Kong Chinese young people: Study protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Young smokers always partake in both smoking and drinking. However, drinking undermines their likelihood to attempt quitting smoking or to successfully abstain from smoking. Hence, this trial will examine the feasibility of implementing an integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention in young Hong Kong Chinese people.

A novel quantitative trait locus implicates in the propensity for genome-wide short tandem repeat expansions in mice.

Short tandem repeats (STRs) are a class of rapidly mutating genetic elements typically characterized by repeated units of 1-6 bp. We leveraged whole-genome sequencing data for 152 recombinant inbred (RI) strains from the BXD family of mice to map loci that modulate genome-wide patterns of new mutations arising during parent-to-offspring transmission at STRs. We defined quantitative phenotypes describing the numbers and types of germline STR mutations in each strain and performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses for each of these phenotypes.

Magnitude and determinants of alcohol use disorder among adult population in East Asian countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Alcohol use disorder is a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to control or stop alcohol use despite adverse health outcomes. Despite several studies that have analyzed the prevalence and determinants, their results have been equivocal, and the reasons for the differences in prevalence rates and determinants of AUD across nationalities are unknown. Hence, this study estimated the pooled prevalence of alcohol use disorder and its determinant among adults in East Asian countries.

INTERBLEED: Design of an International Study of Risk Factors for Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Cardiovascular Events After Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Background: Bleeding is the most common adverse event in those with cardiovascular (CV) disease receiving antithrombotic therapy, and it most commonly occurs in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Clinicians often dismiss bleeding as an adverse event that is reversible with effective antithrombotic therapy, but bleeding is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, most likely mediated through an increased risk of CV events. Reducing the burden of bleeding requires knowledge of the potentially modifiable risk factors for bleeding and the potentially modifiable risk factors for adverse outcomes after bleeding.

Increased acute care utilisation, comorbidities and mortality in adults with haemophilia: A population-based cohort study from 2012 to 2019.

Introduction: Improvements in treatment strategies have led to increased life expectancy of persons with haemophilia (PWH). Consequently, age-related comorbidities become increasingly relevant.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of age-related comorbidities, mortality, health service utilisation and predictors of hospitalisation in PWH compared to the general population.

Development of a Community-Based Network to Promote Anti-Drug Messaging and Identify Hidden Drug Abusers in Hong Kong.

Developing a community-based network by training peers as anti-drug ambassadors (ADAs) is a feasible strategy to identify hidden drug abusers. The Ask, Warn, Advise, Refer and Do-it-again (AWARD) model of smoking cessation is useful for enhancing people's confidence in making referrals to anti-drug services. This study evaluated the effectiveness of such a network by examining the change in knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of 198 ADAs aged 13-18 before and after six months of our training.

Use of a positive psychology intervention (PPI) to promote the psychological well-being of children living in poverty: study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Poverty has a detrimental influence on psychological well-being of children. Existing evidence shows that positive psychology interventions are possible to mitigate such impact. Despite criticisms that positive psychology resembles a scientific Pollyannaism that promotes overly positivity, positive psychology is not the scientific Pollyannaism that denies the difficulties and emotions that people may experience.

q a i e c r m w b c p s.

Ensuring that racial and ethnic minority women are involved in breast cancer research is important to address well-documented current disparities in cancer incidence, stages of diagnosis, and mortality rates. This study used a novel interactive focus group method to identify innovative communication strategies for recruiting women from two minority groups-Latinas and Asian Americans-into the Komen Tissue Bank, a specific breast cancer biobank clinical trial. Through activities that employed visual interactive tools to facilitate group discussion and self-reflection, the authors examined perspectives and motivations for Asian American women (N = 17) and Latinas (N = 14) toward donating their healthy breast tissue.

Treatment Algorithm in Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Updated Canadian Expert Consensus.

Patients with cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) are at high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) and major bleeding complications. Risks vary significantly between individuals based on cancer status, treatment, and other characteristics. To facilitate the evidence-based management of anticoagulant therapy in this patient population, a committee of 11 Canadian clinical experts updated a consensus-based algorithm for the acute and extended treatment of symptomatic and incidental CAT that was developed in 2018.

Risk for Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Subsegmental Pulmonary Embolism Managed Without Anticoagulation : A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The incidence of pulmonary embolism has been increasing, but its case-fatality rate is decreasing, suggesting a lesser severity of illness. The clinical importance of patients with pulmonary embolism isolated to the subsegmental vessels is unknown.

Objective: To determine the rate of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with subsegmental pulmonary embolism managed without anticoagulation.

Effectiveness of therapeutic heparin versus prophylactic heparin on death, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit admission in moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital: RAPID randomised clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of therapeutic heparin compared with prophylactic heparin among moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital wards.

Design: Randomised controlled, adaptive, open label clinical trial.

Setting: 28 hospitals in Brazil, Canada, Ireland, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and US.

Effects of the School-Based Integrated Health Promotion Program With Hydroponic Planting on Green Space Use and Satisfaction, Dietary Habits, and Mental Health in Early Adolescent Students: A Feasibility Quasi-Experiment.

School-based green space activities have been found to be beneficial to the physical activity level and lifestyle habits of adolescent students. However, their effects on green space use and satisfaction, mental health, and dietary behaviors required further investigation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of school-based hydroponic planting integrated with health promotion activities in improving green space use, competence and satisfaction, healthy lifestyle, mental health, and health-related quality of life (QoL) among early adolescent students in secondary schools.

All-cause mortality and causes of death in persons with haemophilia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Improvements in haemophilia treatment over the last decades resulted in increased life expectancy in persons with haemophilia (PWH).

Aim: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine all-cause mortality and causes of death among PWH.

Methods: We systematically searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane central register of controlled trials from inception through March 15, 2021.

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia presenting with normal platelet count.

Adenoviral-vector based vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been linked with a thrombotic syndrome, vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). A key clinical question is whether VITT can be reliably ruled out by the absence of thrombocytopenia. We report on three patients who presented to our institute with this syndrome.

Risk of arterial and venous thromboembolic events among patients with colorectal carcinoma: a real-world, population-based study.

To assess real-world patterns of arterial and venous thromboembolism among patients with colorectal carcinoma. The Alberta provincial cancer registry and other provincial medical records were used to identify patients with colorectal cancer (2004-2018) with no preceding or succeeding cancer diagnosis. The incidence of both arterial and venous thromboembolism in this patient population as well as factors associated with these thromboembolic events were examined through logistic regression analysis.

Heparin for Moderately Ill Patients with Covid-19.

Background: Heparin, in addition to its anticoagulant properties, has anti-inflammatory and potential anti-viral effects, and may improve endothelial function in patients with Covid-19. Early initiation of therapeutic heparin could decrease the thrombo-inflammatory process, and reduce the risk of critical illness or death.

Methods: We randomly assigned moderately ill hospitalized ward patients admitted for Covid-19 with elevated D-dimer level to therapeutic or prophylactic heparin.

Development and validation of a case definition to identify hemophilia in administrative data.

Introduction: Administrative data is useful in population-based studies in hemophilia, but few studies validated the coding accuracy.

Aim: We validated the accuracy of a case definition using a combination of International Classification of Diseases diagnostic codes and coagulation factor level for identifying hemophilia in administrative data.

Methods: This is a retrospective population-based study of all residents of Alberta, Canada, who underwent testing for coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) or factor IX (FIX) activity between 2009 and 2017 using linked administrative data.

Faculty Service-Learning Students as Home-Visitors: Outcomes of a Lifestyle Modification Program for Vulnerable Families With Residents in Rural Indonesian Communities.

Risks attributed to chronic diseases, cancer, musculoskeletal discomfort, and infectious diseases among Indonesians were found to be associated with lifestyle behaviors, particularly in rural areas. The aim of this study was to examine the outcomes of a home-visiting lifestyle modification program on improving health risk behaviors among Indonesians living in rural areas. A total of 160 Indonesians living in rural hamlets in the Yogyakarta Region of Indonesia participated in the program in the period of June 21 to July 21, 2019.

Deep neural networks identify sequence context features predictive of transcription factor binding.

Transcription factors (TFs) bind DNA by recognizing specific sequence motifs, typically of length 6-12bp. A motif can occur many thousands of times in the human genome, but only a subset of those sites are actually bound. Here we present a machine learning framework leveraging existing convolutional neural network architectures and model interpretation techniques to identify and interpret sequence context features most important for predicting whether a particular motif instance will be bound.

Validation of Self-Reported Smartphone Usage Against Objectively-Measured Smartphone Usage in Hong Kong Chinese Adolescents and Young Adults.

Objective: This study evaluated the validity of self-reported smartphone usage data against objectively-measured smartphone usage data by directly tracking the activities in the participants' smartphone among Chinese adolescents and young adults in Hong Kong.

Methods: A total of 187 participants were recruited (mean age 19.4, 71.

Retrospective Review of Prescribing Patterns in Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: A Single Center Experience in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is the standard of care for treating cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT), although new evidence for direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) supports use in specific cancer populations. In this retrospective review at a specialty CAT clinic from 2016 to 2019, we report the use of anticoagulants (LMWH, DOACs, warfarin, anticoagulant class change) in the acute and chronic phases of CAT and compare use before/after publication of the Hokusai-VTE Cancer trial. Death, venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence and bleeding was also reported.