Associations between specific antibody responses and resistance to reinfection in a Senegalese population recently exposed to Schistosoma mansoni.

We examined associations between schistosome-specific antibody responses and reinfection in Senegalese individuals recently exposed to Schistosoma mansoni. The effects of treatment, age, intensity of infection and duration of exposure on schistosome-specific antibody responses were also investigated by comparing immune responses in individuals exposed for less than 3 years with responses in people exposed for more than 8 years. All individuals were bled before treatment as well as 6 and 12 weeks after.

Schistosomiasis does not contribute to death or recurrence of nontyphoid Salmonella bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected Malawian adults.

Nontyphoid Salmonella (NTS) bacteremia has a very high mortality and recurrence rate among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected Malawian adults. Concurrent schistosomal infection might cause persistence of NTS infection and poor response to antibiotic therapy. Therefore, we tested serum samples for Schistosoma-specific circulating anodic antigen to diagnose coinfection with schistosomiasis among consecutive HIV-positive adults with NTS bacteremia.

Specific antibody responses to three schistosome-related carbohydrate structures in recently exposed immigrants and established residents in an area of Schistosoma mansoni endemicity.

By the use of surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass and IgM antibodies against three schistosome-derived carbohydrate structures, FLDN (Fucalpha1-3GalNAcbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galalpha1), LDN-DF [GalNAcbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-2Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1], and LDNF [GalNAcbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galalpha1], were measured in 184 previously unexposed Kenyan immigrants who moved into the Masongaleni area, where Schistosoma mansoni is endemic. They were sampled within their first year of exposure and again 2 years later. A cohort selected out of the original residents of the area, who had been exposed for many years, served as controls.

The relationship between age, sex, egg-count and specific antibody responses against Schistosoma mansoni antigens in a Ugandan fishing community.

In schistosomiasis endemic areas, antibody isotype responses against Schistosoma mansoni antigens vary with host age, sex and duration or intensity of infection, and are associated with susceptibility or resistance to infection. Identifying the quality and quantity of these responses is important to our understanding of the host-parasite relationship; however, the various host and parasite factors have a strong tendency to confound each other. We investigated the relationships and interactions between age, sex, faecal egg-counts and specific antibody isotype (IgA, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgE, IgM) responses to S.

Associations between anti-Schistosoma mansoni and anti-Plasmodium falciparum antibody responses and hepatosplenomegaly, in Kenyan schoolchildren.

Schoolchildren from 2 areas of Kenya, Kangundo and Kambu, have contrasting prevalences of hepatosplenomegaly, despite having similar prevalences and intensities of Schistosoma mansoni infection. However, in individual children, S. mansoni infection intensity is positively correlated with organomegaly.

Serological responses among individuals in areas where both schistosomiasis and malaria are endemic: cross-reactivity between Schistosoma mansoni and Plasmodium falciparum.

We examined specific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG3 responses to Plasmodium falciparum schizont and Schistosoma mansoni egg and worm antigens in individuals from Kenya, Uganda, and the Sudan who had been exposed to malaria and schistosomiasis. A strong correlation between malaria- and schistosome-specific IgG3 responses was observed. This association appears to result from the presence of cross-reactive components of the 2 parasites that bind IgG3 antibodies, rather than to be mediated by immunological cross-regulation or specific regulatory mechanisms induced by either parasite.