CSF Surfactant Protein Changes in Preterm Infants After Intraventricular Hemorrhage.

Surfactant proteins (SP) have been shown to be inherent proteins of the human CNS and are altered during acute and chronic disturbances of CSF circulation. Aim of the study was to examine the changes of surfactant protein concentrations in CSF of preterm babies suffering from intraventricular hemorrhage. Consecutive CSF samples of 21 preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhages (IVH) and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHHC) were collected at primary intervention, after 5-10 days and at time of shunt insertion ~50 days after hemorrhage.

Localization, Occurrence, and CSF Changes of SP-G, a New Surface Active Protein with Assumable Immunoregulatory Functions in the CNS.

Conventional surfactant proteins (A, B, C, and D) are important players of the innate immunity in the central nervous system and serve as effective regulators of cerebrospinal fluid rheology, probably being involved in clearance of detrimental metabolites like beta-amyloid and phospho-tau. Recently, a novel surfactant protein, SP-G, was described in kidneys and peripheral endocrine and exocrine glands. So far, its presence and possible functions in the central nervous system are unknown.

The Cerebral Surfactant System and Its Alteration in Hydrocephalic Conditions.

Introduction: Pulmonary Surfactant reduces surface tension in the terminal airways thus facilitating breathing and contributes to host's innate immunity. Surfactant Proteins (SP) A, B, C and D were recently identified as inherent proteins of the CNS. Aim of the study was to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) SP levels in hydrocephalus patients compared to normal subjects.

Hydrocephalus in aqueductal stenosis--a retrospective outcome analysis and proposal of subtype classification.

Unlabelled: Treatment of aqueductal stenosis (AQS) has undergone several paradigm shifts during the past decades. Currently, endoscopic ventriculostomy (ETV) is recommended as treatment of choice. Several authors have addressed the issue of variable ETV success rates depending on age and pathogenetic factors.

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: diagnostic and predictive value of clinical testing, lumbar drainage, and CSF dynamics.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to analyze the diagnostic and predictive values of clinical tests, CSF dynamics, and intracranial pulsatility tests, compared with external lumbar drainage (ELD), for shunt response in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). METHODS Sixty-eight consecutive patients with suspected iNPH were prospectively evaluated. Preoperative assessment included clinical tests, overnight intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, lumbar infusion test (LIFT), and ELD for 24-72 hours.