Communication needs and support for children and adolescents with complex communication needs requiring hospitalization in Hong Kong: an explorative study.

Purpose: Children with complex communication needs face particular challenges during hospitalization. This study aimed to understand the situation for hospitalized Hong Kong Chinese children with complex communication needs.

Methods: Six group interviews were conducted with 23 participants, including nurses, doctors, adolescents with acquired brain injury, parents of children with acquired brain injury or cerebral palsy, and community-based therapists.

Evaluation of high-fidelity and virtual reality simulation platforms for assessing fourth-year medical students' encounters with patients in need of urgent or emergent care.

Background: Medical students in the U.S. must demonstrate urgent and emergent care competence before graduation.

Effects of students' perception of teachers' ethnic-racial socialization on students' ethnic identity and mental health in rural China's schools.

Introduction: Using students in the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefectures of southwestern China ( = 585; 13-15 years old), we examined (i) the effects of students' perception of their teachers' ethnic-racial socialization on their ethnic identity and mental health outcomes of depressive and stress symptoms; (ii) the effects of students' ethnic identity on their depressive and stress symptoms; (iii) the differential associations among these factors in Yi ethnic minority versus Han cultural majority students.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey and used multistage sampling to collect the information. Chinese-validated standardized measures were used: the Patient Health Questionaires-9, Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale-8, Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure, Cultural Socialization Scale, and Teachers' Attitude on Adoption of Cultural Diversity Scale.

Corporal punishment of children in Australia: The evidence-based case for legislative reform.

Objective: Across all of Australia's states and territories, it is legal for a parent or carer to hit their child. In this paper, we outline the legal context for corporal punishment in Australia and the argument for its reform.

Methods: We review the laws that allow corporal punishment, the international agreements on children's rights, the evidence on the effects of corporal punishment, and outcomes of legislative reform in countries that have changed their laws to prohibit corporal punishment.

Positional MR imaging of normal and injured knees.

Objectives: This study uses a practical positional MRI protocol to evaluate tibiofemoral translation and rotation in normal and injured knees.

Methods: Following ethics approval, positional knee MRI of both knees was performed at 35° flexion, extension, and hyperextension in 34 normal subjects (mean age 31.1 ± 10 years) and 51 knee injury patients (mean age 36.

Enter and Discuss Orders and Prescriptions (EPA 4): A Curriculum for Fourth-Year Medical Students.

Introduction: Order entry, entrustable professional activity (EPA) 4, is one of several EPAs that residency program directors identify as a weakness for PGY 1 residents. A multispecialty survey of program directors indicated that only 69% of interns could be trusted to enter and discuss orders and prescriptions without supervision. To address this gap, we developed a formative workshop for fourth-year medical students.

Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Parenting Intervention for Promoting Social-Emotional School Readiness Among Children From Low-Income Families in Hong Kong: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Most parenting programs target parents of children with severe behavioral problems. There is limited evidence on the effectiveness of universal parenting programs, especially for families with low income.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the KeySteps@JC Parent-Child Interaction Program for low-income families in Hong Kong.

Impact of clinical placement sites on general practice as a career preference for Australian medical students.

Objective: This study investigates whether General Practice placement experience or locations (urban/metropolitan vs non-metropolitan) promote student interest in pursuing general practice.

Design: SurveyMonkey was used in the design of the survey.

Setting: The study was conducted online.

Utility of PSA Density in Predicting Upgraded Gleason Score in Men on Active Surveillance With Negative MRI.

Objectives: To determine whether PSA density (PSAD), can sub-stratify risk of biopsy upgrade among men on active surveillance (AS) with normal baseline MRI.

Methods: We identified a cohort of patients with low and favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer on AS at two large academic centers from February 2013 - December 2017. Analysis was restricted to patients with GG1 cancer on initial biopsy and a negative baseline or surveillance mpMRI, defined by the absence of PI-RADS 2 or greater lesions.

Preparing students for residency interviews in the age of COVID: Lessons learned from a standardized video interview preparation program.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the widescale adoption of video-based interviewing for residency applications. Video interviews have previously been used in the residency application process through the pilot program of the American Association of Medical Colleges standardized video interview (SVI). We conducted an SVI preparation program with our students over 3 years that consisted of an instructional lecture, deliberate practice in video interviewing, and targeted feedback by emergency medicine faculty.

Erratum: Lee, R.L.T., et al. Effects of an Unstructured Free Play and Mindfulness Intervention on Wellbeing in Kindergarten Students. 2020, , 5382.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to their paper [...

Development and pilot evaluation of the Cognition domain of the Hong Kong Comprehensive Assessment Scales for Toddlers.

: To describe the development of the Cognition domain of the Hong Kong Comprehensive Assessment Scales for Toddlers (HKCAS-T).: Participants included 345 toddlers aged 18-41 months, with 258 recruited from Maternal and Child Health Centers (MCHCs) and 87 with cognitive delay recruited from Child Assessment Centers (CACs). They were individually administered the 83-item pilot version by medical practitioners or educational psychologists between 2017 and 2019 in MCHCs and CACs in Hong Kong.

Comparison of long-term outcomes in a 10-year experience of robotic cystectomy vs. open cystectomy.

To compare the outcomes of robotic-assisted (RARC) vs. open radical cystectomy (ORC) at a single academic institution. We retrospectively identified patients undergoing radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder at our institution from 2007 to 2017.

Vulnerability and resilience in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having a profound impact on the health and development of children worldwide. There is limited evidence on the impact of COVID-19 and its related school closures and disease-containment measures on the psychosocial wellbeing of children; little research has been done on the characteristics of vulnerable groups and factors that promote resilience.

Methods: We conducted a large-scale cross-sectional population study of Hong Kong families with children aged 2-12 years.

Agitated Psychiatric Patient.

Audience: This scenario was developed to educate emergency medicine residents about the diagnosis and management of the agitated psychiatric patient.

Introduction: The prevalence of agitation among patients in the emergency department is increasing, with an estimated 1.7 million events occurring annually in the United States.

Development of Gross Motor Evaluation for Children Aged 18 to 42 Months.

Purpose: To test the reliability and validity of the gross motor items making up a new instrument, Hong Kong Comprehensive Assessment Scales for Toddlers (HKCAS-T) for quantifying gross motor development among children aged 18 to 42 months.

Methods: The 37 items were administered to 330 children, including 258 typically developing children and 72 children with gross motor delay.

Results: Rasch analyzes indicated that the fit statistics of the 37 items were within the acceptable range.

Effects of an Unstructured Free Play and Mindfulness Intervention on Wellbeing in Kindergarten Students.

Play is known as the core occupation of young children as it lays a foundation for their early development and physical, emotional and social wellbeing. Literature suggests that unstructured free play and mindfulness interventions may independently promote wellbeing among preschoolers. However, there is no clear evidence of their combination in supporting wellness in early learning environments.

Parent Technology Use, Parent-Child Interaction, Child Screen Time, and Child Psychosocial Problems among Disadvantaged Families.

Objective: To disentangle the pathways of parent technology use, parent-child interactions, child screen time, and child psychosocial difficulties among disadvantaged families in Hong Kong.

Study Design: Parents of 1254 3-year-old children from the KeySteps@JC project reported on the number of hours their children used electronic devices every day and evaluated their children's psychosocial behaviors using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. These parents also reported on their own digital device usage patterns and the frequency of parent-child interactions and provided sociodemographic data.

Systematic review of the impact of unstructured play interventions to improve young children's physical, social, and emotional wellbeing.

This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of unstructured play interventions on young children's physical, emotional and social wellbeing in various community settings. Eligibility criteria of articles included (1) studies which included young children aged three to seven years; (2) intervention studies which involved unstructured, free or loose parts play; (3) experimental or randomized controlled trial designs, with or without random allocation to groups; and (4) target variables of the study should include measurable physical, social or psychological constructs as modifiable outcomes. Electronic searches were conducted from June 2018 to March 2019 in ERIC, MEDLINE, PubMed, ProQuest, Sage Publications, Web of Science, Scopus, and Sociological Abstracts.

A cluster randomized controlled trial of a simplified 5-step handwashing technique versus a conventional 7-step handwashing technique among Chinese students with intellectual disabilities.

Objective: To compare the effects of the simplified 5-step and the conventional 7-Step hand hygiene programme in a cluster randomized controlled trial among students with intellectual disabilities.

Method: A total of 472 Chinese students with intellectual disabilities were randomized to either simplified 5-step or conventional 7-step hand hygiene programme. Assessments included handwashing technique, cleanliness and sick leave days.

A Chinese version of the young children's participation and environment measure: psychometric evaluation in a Hong Kong sample.

Purpose: To investigate the psychometric properties of a Chinese-translated version of the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure.

Materials And Methods: The Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure was translated into Chinese using cultural adaptation by adding/replacing with activities relevant to Chinese culture. Parents of 53 children aged 2-5 years with developmental disabilities and of 50 typical developing children completed the questionnaires.

Back in My Day: A Journal Club Using Landmark Articles for Emergency Medicine-Bound Medical Students.

This journal club style curriculum was developed to advance 4th year medical students in Emergency Medicine (EM) Milestone 19. The curriculum was introduced as part of a longitudinal boot camp course for EM- bound students. Students met monthly with faculty members to critically evaluate landmark articles within the field of EM.

Effectiveness of a multidisciplinary parent training program for children with developmental disabilities: A single-blind randomized waitlist controlled trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary parent training program, Promoting Holistic Development of Young Kids (Poly Kids), using a single-blind randomized waitlist controlled design. The participants included 218 parents of children with developmental disabilities (DD) (intervention group = 107 and waitlist control group = 111). The primary outcomes were child learning, expressive language, fine and gross motor skills (based on individual assessment by respective blinded professionals), and parental reports of child behavior problems.