Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation Outcome Prediction Using Machine Learning Methods.

Objective: To investigate the performance of machine learning (ML) methods for predicting outcomes from inpatient rehabilitation for subjects with TBI using a dataset with a large number of predictor variables. Our second objective was to identify top predictive features selected by the ML models for each outcome and to validate the interpretability of the models.

Design: Secondary analysis using computational modeling of relationships between patients, injury and treatment activities and 6 outcomes, applied to the large multi-site, prospective, longitudinal observational dataset collected during the traumatic brain injury inpatient rehabilitation study.

Lifetime history of TBI with loss of consciousness and disability among Appalachian and rural residents: 2016-2019 Ohio BRFSS.

Background: While lifetime history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with increased risk of disabilities, little is known about disability and TBI among Appalachian and other rural residents. This study aimed to examine if the relationship between lifetime history of TBI with loss of consciousness (LOC) and disability differs by location of living (Appalachian vs. non-Appalachian; rural vs.

Rural-Urban Differences in Behavioral Outcomes among Adults with Lifetime History of Traumatic Brain Injury with Loss of Consciousness: 2016-2019 Ohio BRFSS.

This study examined if the associations between lifetime history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with loss of consciousness (LOC) and unhealthy alcohol use or mental health problems differ by location of living (rural vs. urban). The lifetime history data of TBI with LOC, location of living, unhealthy alcohol use (binge drinking, heavy drinking), and mental health problems (depression diagnosis, number of poor mental health days) were sourced from the 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 Ohio Behavioral Risk Factory Surveillance Surveys, and the final sample included 16,941 respondents.

The use of assisted technologies in early aggressive mobilization with an individual in a minimally conscious state: a case report.

Introduction: Early neurorehabilitation and passive, upright mobilization strategies have been shown to be beneficial for individuals with disorders of consciousness (DOC). However, literature is limited in illustrating the use of an early, aggressive program with an added focus on dynamic and active upright mobilization. The purpose of this case report is to describe a two-week aggressive, upright standing and walking program with an individual with traumatic brain injury in an acute inpatient rehabilitation setting.

Quasi-Contextualized Speech Treatment in Traumatic Brain Injury Inpatient Rehabilitation: Effects on Outcomes During the First Year After Discharge.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of providing quasi-contextualized speech therapy, defined as metacognitive, compensatory, or strategy training applied to cognitive and language impairments to facilitate the performance of future real-life activities, on functional outcomes up to 1 year following traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation.

Participants: Patients enrolled during the TBI-Practice-Based Evidence (TBI-PBE) study (n = 1760), aged 14 years or older, who sustained a severe, moderate, or complicated mild TBI, received speech therapy in acute inpatient rehabilitation at one of 9 US sites, and consented to follow-up 3 and 9 months postdischarge from inpatient rehabilitation.

Family Involvement in Traumatic Brain Injury Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Propensity Score Analysis of Effects on Outcomes During the First Year After Discharge.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of family attendance at inpatient rehabilitation therapy sessions on traumatic brain injury (TBI) patient outcomes at discharge and up to 9 months postdischarge.

Design: Propensity score methods are applied to the TBI Practice-Based Evidence database, a database consisting of multisite, prospective, longitudinal, and observational data.

Setting: Nine inpatient rehabilitation centers in the United States.

Level of Effort and 3 Hour Rule Compliance.

Objective: To determine if patients' level of effort (LOE) in therapy sessions during traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation modifies the effect of compliance with the 3-Hour Rule of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

Design: Propensity score methodology applied to the TBI Practice-Based Evidence database, consisting of multisite, prospective, longitudinal observational data.

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF).

Rehospitalization During 9 Months After Inpatient Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To assess the frequency of, causes for, and factors associated with acute rehospitalization during 9 months after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design: Multicenter observational cohort.

Setting: Community.

Traumatic Brain Injury Patient, Injury, Therapy, and Ancillary Treatments Associated With Outcomes at Discharge and 9 Months Postdischarge.

Objective: To examine associations of patient and injury characteristics, inpatient rehabilitation therapy activities, and neurotropic medications with outcomes at discharge and 9 months postdischarge for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design: Prospective, longitudinal observational study.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation centers.

Readmission to an Acute Care Hospital During Inpatient Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To assess the incidence of, causes for, and factors associated with readmission to an acute care hospital (RTAC) during inpatient rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design: Prospective observational cohort.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation.

Predictors of Agitated Behavior During Inpatient Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To identify predictors of the severity of agitated behavior during inpatient traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation.

Design: Prospective, longitudinal observational study.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation centers.

Occupational, Physical, and Speech Therapy Treatment Activities During Inpatient Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To describe the use of occupational therapy (OT), physical therapy (PT), and speech therapy (ST) treatment activities throughout the acute rehabilitation stay of patients with traumatic brain injury.

Design: Multisite prospective observational cohort study.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation settings.

Institutional Variation in Traumatic Brain Injury Acute Rehabilitation Practice.

Objective: To describe institutional variation in traumatic brain injury (TBI) inpatient rehabilitation program characteristics and evaluate to what extent patient factors and center effects explain how TBI inpatient rehabilitation services are delivered.

Design: Secondary analysis of a prospective, multicenter, cohort database.

Setting: TBI inpatient rehabilitation programs.

The effect of delay in rehabilitation on outcome of severe traumatic brain injury.

Background: Expeditious care within minutes of severe injury improves outcome and is the driving force for development of trauma care systems. Transition from hospital care to rehabilitation is an important step in recovery after trauma-related injury. We hypothesize that delay in the transition from acute care to rehabilitation adversely affects outcome and diminishes recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Rehabilitation and outcome following pediatric traumatic brain injury.

The long-term outcome for a child who has sustained a traumatic brain injury must be viewed in the context of ongoing development and maturation. Although neuronal plasticity provides the potential for neuronal reorganization in a child's brain, it is the behavioral demands of the environment that allow the child to take advantage of this potential and to maximize recovery. Pediatric rehabilitation is the setting that provides the necessary experiences for stimulating neuronal reorganization following TBI.