Evaluating Approaches to Linking Evictions Records:: Assessing the Feasibility of Research with Integrated Data.

Objectives: This study investigates different approaches to integrating evictions data with Medicaid and homeless shelter utilization records at the individual level for the state of Delaware. We especially focus on evaluating the feasibility of creating an integrated dataset focused on children and adolescents through different approaches to matching.

Methods: We attempt to link existing statewide records on evictions, Medicaid, and shelter from 2017-2019.

Families with young children in homeless shelters: Developmental contexts of multisystem risks and resources.

We apply a multisystem perspective to three aims relevant to resilience for young children in emergency and transitional homeless shelters. We consider profiles of risks and resources before shelter, early childhood program enrollment during shelter, and the likelihood of returning to shelter or having a subsequent child welfare placement. We used longitudinal, city-wide data from multiple sources integrated at the individual level across the lifespan for 8 birth cohorts.

Associations of COVID-19 Stressors and Postpartum Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in New Mothers.

Background And Objectives: Early reports during the COVID-19 pandemic showed pregnant and postpartum women have increased rates of anxiety and depression. We hypothesized that exposure to more COVID-19-related events (e.g.

Parental and Other Caregiver Loss Due to COVID-19 in the United States: Prevalence by Race, State, Relationship, and Child Age.

The more than one million COVID-19 deaths in the United States include parents, grandparents, and other caregivers for children. These losses can disrupt the social, emotional, and economic well-being of children, their families, and their communities, and understanding the number and characteristics of affected children is a critical step in responding. We estimate the number of children who lost a parent or other co-residing caregiver to COVID-19 in the U.

Adolescent homelessness: Evaluating victimization risk based on LGBT identity and sleeping location.

Background: Teen homelessness confers risk for victimization experiences, and teens that identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) are at an even greater risk of experiencing victimization and homelessness.

Methods: Using the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, we evaluated the association of experiencing homelessness with physical and sexual victimization and we examined whether LGBT identification moderated this relationship. We also evaluated if the odds of experiencing sexual and physical victimization differed depending on the reported sleeping location.

School-based health centers as a context to engage and serve communities.

Purpose Of Review: School-based health centers (SBHCs) primarily serve underserved students and families through removing barriers to care. The number of SBHCs have increased dramatically with investments from state-funding and federal-funding programs, including expanded funding from the American Rescue Plan. This article reviews findings on the perceived importance of school and community partnership.

Adaptive systems for student resilience in the context of COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a disaster, defined as an event that suspends normal activities and threatens or causes severe, community-wide damage (Masten & Motti-Stefanidi, 2020). While all school children and their families have been impacted by COVID-19 to some degree, the burdens are disproportionately being borne by children experiencing poverty and children from minority racial and ethnic groups. In this article, we consider resilience and risk in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic by focusing on children's developing adaptive systems.

Childhood homelessness, resilience, and adolescent mental health: A prospective, person-centered approach.

School districts and other service providers are increasingly aware of the substantial mental health needs of students experiencing family homelessness. Past findings are mixed regarding whether homelessness conveys unique risk beyond the risks associated with extreme poverty. With prospective longitudinal data on homelessness experiences across childhood, we utilized latent profile analysis as a person-centered approach to conceptualizing mental health outcomes in adolescence for 3,778 youth.

Promoting parent-infant responsiveness in families experiencing homelessness.

My Baby's First Teacher is an intervention designed specifically for parents with infants staying in emergency homeless shelters. Infants are overrepresented in shelter populations and face considerable risk to their development, including mental health. We utilized a randomized controlled design across three family shelters to evaluate the program's effectiveness with 24 dyads assigned to the intervention compared to 21 dyads in care-as-usual.

Medical and Psychosocial Risk Profiles for Low Birthweight and Preterm Birth.

Objectives: Low birthweight and preterm birth are risk factors for infant mortality and persistent problems. This study uses representative data to assess whether distinct latent profiles of co-occurring medical and psychosocial factors have implications for preterm birth and low birthweight.

Methods: Data are from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a cross-sectional survey constituting representative data on pregnancies from 2012 to 2013.

Adolescent Homelessness and Associated Features: Prevalence and Risk Across Eight States.

This study utilizes data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey to estimate the prevalence of adolescent homelessness and relations to five indicators of poor functioning among students attending public high school in eight states. About 3.27% of students experienced homelessness, and nearly 7% of teens who identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) experienced homelessness.

Introduction to the special issue: Trauma-informed care for children and families.

This special issue of Psychological Services includes 18 articles describing efforts to promote and provide trauma-informed care for children and families. Trauma-informed care is an approach to providing services that is sensitive to the possibility that children and families have experienced past or ongoing traumatic situations with implications for their current functioning and response to interventions. Installing and maintaining a trauma-informed approach in organized care settings requires effective planning, initial assessment, implementation, reassessment, and support that reflects an ongoing commitment to recognizing the impact of trauma on those being served.

Housing Interventions and the Chronic and Acute Risks of Family Homelessness: Experimental Evidence for Education.

This study considers risk associated with family homelessness for school functioning and experimental evidence on the effects of different housing interventions over time. Students in homeless families (N = 172; M  = 7.31; SD = 4.

Health and Self-Regulation among School-Age Children Experiencing Family Homelessness.

Children in homeless families have high levels of adversity and are at risk for behavior problems and chronic health conditions, however little is known about the relationship between cognitive-emotional self-regulation and health among school-aged homeless children. Children (n = 86; mean age 10.5) living in shelters were assessed for health, family stress/adversity, emotional-behavioral regulation, nonverbal intellectual abilities, and executive function.

Adversity and children experiencing family homelessness: Implications for health.

This study tests links between adversity and health problems among children in family emergency housing. Children who experience family homelessness are at risk to also experience high levels of stress, health problems, and need for pediatric care. Understanding the connection between stress and health holds the potential to reduce persistent health disparities.

Youth Homelessness: Prevalence and Associations with Weight in Three Regions.

This study investigated the utility of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) to document associations between homeless status and weight while estimating the prevalence of youth homelessness in three regions. A school-based survey, the YRBS includes youths who have been difficult to involve in past research. Analysis of 2011 YRBS data produced population-weighted estimates of youth homelessness prevalence separately for Connecticut, Delaware, and Philadelphia.

Academic Risk and Resilience in the Context of Homelessness.

Family homelessness in the United States has increased over the past two decades, raising concerns about associated risks for child development. In this article, we describe a translational research program focused on academic risk and resilience in homeless and highly mobile children. We find that although these children share many risk factors with other disadvantaged children, they are higher on an underlying continuum of risk.

Parenting and coregulation: Adaptive systems for competence in children experiencing homelessness.

The role of effective parenting in promoting child executive functioning and school success was examined among 138 children (age 4 to 6 years) staying in family emergency shelters the summer before kindergarten or 1st grade. Parent-child coregulation, which refers to relationship processes wherein parents guide and respond to the behavior of their children, was observed during structured interaction tasks and quantified as a dyadic construct using state space grid methodology. Positive coregulation was related to children's executive functioning and IQ, which in turn were related to teacher-reported outcomes once school began.

Asthma and adaptive functioning among homeless kindergarten-aged children in emergency housing.

Background: Children who experience homelessness have elevated rates of asthma, a risk factor for other problems. Purpose. Examine rates of asthma and its relation to health care use and adaptive functioning among young children staying in family emergency shelters.

Preventing adolescents' externalizing and internalizing symptoms: Effects of the Penn Resiliency Program.

This study reports secondary outcome analyses from a past study of the Penn Resiliency Program (PRP), a cognitive-behavioral depression prevention program for middle-school aged children. Middle school students (N = 697) were randomly assigned to PRP, PEP (an alternate intervention), or control conditions. Gillham et al.

Relationship among adverse childhood experiences, history of active military service, and adult outcomes: homelessness, mental health, and physical health.

Objectives: We determined whether a report of adverse childhood experiences predicts adult outcomes related to homelessness, mental health, and physical health and whether participation in active military service influences the relationship between childhood and adult adversity.

Methods: Using data from the 2010 Washington State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we tested by means of logistic regression the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and 3 adult outcomes--homelessness, mental health, and physical health--as well as differences among those with a history of active military service.

Results: Adverse childhood experiences separately predicted increased odds of experiencing homelessness as an adult and mental health and physical health problems.

Academic achievement trajectories of homeless and highly mobile students: resilience in the context of chronic and acute risk.

Analyses examined academic achievement data across third through eighth grades (N = 26,474), comparing students identified as homeless or highly mobile (HHM) with other students in the federal free meal program (FM), reduced price meals (RM), or neither (General). Achievement was lower as a function of rising risk status (General > RM > FM > HHM). Achievement gaps appeared stable or widened between HHM students and lower risk groups.

Contributions of maltreatment and serotonin transporter genotype to depression in childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood.

Background: Past findings on gene-by-environment (G×E) effects on depression have been mixed, leading to a debate of the plausibility of such mechanisms and methodological considerations that warrant attention. A developmental systems perspective postulates that complex, multi-level G×E effects are likely contributors to depression.

Methods: Participants from families experiencing low-income status at birth were followed over 28 years.