Reproducibility and reliability of dental arch measurements: comparing of manual, digital, and app-based methods.

Background: Knowing the available dental space in a patient is crucial for orthodontists to develop a good treatment plan.

Objectives: To compare and evaluate the reliability, reproducibility, and accuracy of three measurement methods on models: conventional, mobile app, and digital software.

Materials And Methods: Maxillary and mandibular dental plaster models of 20 subjects with permanent dentition were analyzed.

Guiding light with surface exciton-polaritons in atomically thin superlattices.

Two-dimensional materials give access to the ultimate physical limits of photonics with appealing properties for ultracompact optical components such as waveguides and modulators. Specifically, in monolayer semiconductors, a strong excitonic resonance leads to a sharp oscillation in permittivity from positive to even negative values. This extreme optical response enables surface exciton-polaritons to guide visible light bound to an atomically thin layer.

Validation of a New Questionnaire for Assessing the Psychosocial Impact of Gingival Aesthetics (PIGAQ).

Aim: While the importance of gingival aesthetics is increasingly recognized, a questionnaire quantifying its psychosocial impact is still lacking. We have adapted the validated Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) for the gingival context. This study's aim was to develop a new Psychosocial Impact of Gingival Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIGAQ) and test its validity for the general population in Spain, exploring the underlying dimensions of the construct assessed.

Variability of lesions and lesion patterns in possible treponematosis cases: Insights from an archaeological site in Tomar, Portugal.

This study aims to describe various types of skeletal lesions and lesion patterns observed in five potential cases of treponematosis from the same archaeological site. The study examines five adult skeletons recovered from Santa Maria do Olival, Tomar, Portugal. Macroscopic observations were conducted on all remains, supplemented by relevant radiographic investigations.

Monolayer Semiconductor Superlattices with High Optical Absorption.

Optical absorption plays a central role in optoelectronic and photonic technologies. Strongly absorbing materials are thus needed for efficient and miniaturized devices. A uniform film much thinner than the wavelength can only absorb up to 50% of the incident light when embedded in a symmetric and homogeneous environment.

A longitudinal pilot study examining the influence of the orthodontic system chosen in adult patients (brackets versus aligners) on oral health-related quality of life and anxiety.

Background: In recent years, the demand for orthodontic treatment with aligners has increased, led by patient need, as aligners typically provide them with improved aesthetics and less physical discomfort. In deciding with the patient on an appropriate orthodontic system, it is important to take into account the potential discomfort and the perceptions that patients have in relation to their treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of brackets or aligners on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and anxiety levels in a sample of adult patients during the first month of treatment.

A pilot study analyzing the influence of the material and the size of the orthodontic archwire on the level of pain and anxiety in adult patients in treatment with brackets: A prospective triple-blind randomized clinical trial.

Background: The objective was to investigate the influence of the material and dimensions of the orthodontic archwire on the pain and anxiety in adult patients in orthodontic treatment with brackets.

Material And Methods: A randomized prospective triple-blind clinical pilot study was conducted at the Dental Clinic of the University of Salamanca. The study sample comprised 30 adult patients who started orthodontic treatment with brackets.

NAIF: A novel artificial intelligence-based tool for accurate diagnosis of stage F3/F4 liver fibrosis in the general adult population, validated with three external datasets.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a new AI-based tool called NAIF (NAFLD-AI-Fibrosis) in identifying individuals from the general population with advanced liver fibrosis (stage F3/F4). We compared NAIF's performance to two existing risk score calculators, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis-4 (Fib4).

Methods: To set up the algorithm for diagnosing severe liver fibrosis (defined as Fibroscan® values E ≥ 9.

Associations between landscape fires and child morbidity in southern Mozambique: a time-series study.

Background: Epidemiological evidence linking exposure to landscape fires to child health remains scarce. We assessed the association between daily landscape fire smoke and child hospital visits and admissions in the Manhiça district, Mozambique, an area characterised by frequent forest and cropland fires.

Methods: In this time-series analysis (2012-20), our primary metric for exposure to landscape fires was fire-originated PM from smoke dispersion hindcasts.

Improving traffic-related air pollution estimates by modelling minor road traffic volumes.

Accurately estimating annual average daily traffic (AADT) on minor roads is essential for assessing traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure, particularly in areas where most people live. Our study assessed the direct and indirect external validity of three methods used to estimate AADT on minor roads in Melbourne, Australia. We estimated the minor road AADT using a fixed-value approach (assuming 600 vehicles/day) and linear and negative binomial (NB) models.

Cross-Bite and Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Preadolescents Aged 11 to 14 Years Old: A Pilot Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Malocclusions have a negative impact on oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Posterior cross-bite is one of the most prevalent malocclusions in the preadolescent population. This study investigated the influence of posterior cross-bites (unilateral or bilateral) on OHRQoL in an 11- to 14-year-old population.

Comparing morphological () and metric (long bone length) sex estimation methods in archaeological collections.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the internal consistency of sex estimation using metric (long bone length) and morphological () methodologies from different bones and across different archaeological populations from different regions. Sex was estimated using characteristics of the pelvis and compared with sex estimations using long bone length. Portuguese (659 females; 906 males) and English (141 females; 277 males) archaeological collections were analysed in this study.

Nanophotonic Chirality Transfer to Dielectric Mie Resonators.

Nanophotonics can boost the weak circular dichroism of chiral molecules. One mechanism for enhanced chiral sensing relies on using a resonator to create fields with high optical chirality at the molecular position. Here, we elucidate how the reverse interaction between molecules and the resonator, called chirality transfer, can produce stronger circular dichroism.

Assessment of Orthodontic Treatment Need and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Asthmatic Children Aged 11 to 14 Years Old: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Unlabelled: This study investigated the need for orthodontic treatment in asthmatic children aged 11 to 14 years and how the treatment affected their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the dental clinic of the University of Salamanca in 2020-2022. The study selected a consecutive sample of 140 children with asthma (52.

Plasmapheresis as an Alternative Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Pancreatitis: A Case Report.

Hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis is a relatively common form of acute pancreatitis that may represent up to 10% of all etiologies of this condition. Due to its specific pathogenic mechanisms related to high serum triglyceride levels, different treatment options have been proposed, including insulin perfusion, heparin perfusion, and plasmapheresis. Although the superiority of plasmapheresis in this clinical setting has not been demonstrated in randomized clinical trials, many centers have reported its effectiveness and considered this as a possible alternative according to the current guidelines.

Impact of indirect transitions on valley polarization in WS and WSe.

Controlling the momentum of carriers in semiconductors, known as valley polarization, is a new resource for optoelectronics and information technologies. Materials exhibiting high polarization are needed for valley-based devices. Few-layer WS shows a remarkable spin-valley polarization above 90%, even at room temperature.

High-Frequency Sheet Conductance of Nanolayered WS Crystals for Two-Dimensional Nanodevices.

Time-resolved terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the determination of charge transport properties in photoexcited semiconductors. However, the relatively long wavelengths of THz radiation and the diffraction limit imposed by optical imaging systems reduce the applicability of THz spectroscopy to large samples with dimensions in the millimeter to centimeter range. Exploiting THz near-field spectroscopy, we present the first time-resolved THz measurements on a single exfoliated 2D nanolayered crystal of a transition metal dichalcogenide (WS).

Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life and Anxiety in Orthodontic Patients with Conventional Brackets.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and anxiety levels of adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed multibracket appliances.

Materials And Methods: The study was carried out at the Dental Clinic of the University of Salamanca in 2021. It included 120 adult patients between 19 and 45 years of age undergoing orthodontic treatment with conventional metal brackets.