Publications by authors named "Curtis R Cline"

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a WHO priority pathogen. Antibody-based medical countermeasures offer an important strategy to mitigate severe disease caused by CCHFV. Most efforts have focused on targeting the viral glycoproteins.

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is one of the several biothreat agents for which a licensed vaccine is needed. To ensure vaccine protection is achieved across a range of virulent strains, we assembled and characterized a panel of isolates to be utilized as challenge strains. A promising tularemia vaccine candidate is rLVS Δ/ (rLVS), in which the vector is the LVS strain with a deletion in the gene and which additionally expresses a fusion protein comprising immunodominant epitopes of proteins IglA, IglB, and IglC.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines the role of the MAVS protein in the immune response to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in mice, highlighting its involvement in type I interferon and proinflammatory responses.
  • MAVS-deficient mice were resistant to CCHFV infection when IFN-I signaling was active, but they experienced significant weight loss when IFN-I was blocked, indicating that MAVS plays a crucial role in mediating immune defense.
  • The findings suggest that targeting MAVS activation and cytokine production, particularly TNF-α signaling, could lead to new treatments for CCHFV infection, as MAVS-deficient mice showed limited liver injury and protection from
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The rapid emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has created a global health emergency. While most human disease is mild to moderate, some infections lead to a severe disease characterized by acute respiratory distress, hypoxia, anosmia, ageusia, and, in some instances, neurological involvement. Small-animal models reproducing severe disease, including neurological sequela, are needed to characterize the pathophysiological mechanism(s) of disease and to identify medical countermeasures.

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SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19 and human infections have resulted in a global health emergency. Small animal models that reproduce key elements of SARS-CoV-2 human infections are needed to rigorously screen candidate drugs to mitigate severe disease and prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. We and others have reported that transgenic mice expressing the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) viral receptor under the control of the Keratin 18 (K18) promoter develop severe and lethal respiratory disease subsequent to SARS-CoV-2 intranasal challenge.

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Article Synopsis
  • The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has prompted the need for small animal models that accurately represent the disease in humans to help develop medical countermeasures.
  • Researchers evaluated male and female mice genetically modified to express human ACE2 and found that they developed severe disease after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, showing symptoms like weight loss and lung injury.
  • The study revealed that female mice had better survival rates than males after infection, with significant differences in inflammatory responses, establishing this model as crucial for understanding SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and testing treatments.
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Background: Myeloid sarcoma is a rare manifestation of myeloproliferative disorder defined as an extramedullary mass composed of myeloid precursor cells. A 9-month old, female, common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) had increased respiratory effort.

Methods: A complete necropsy with histology and immunohistochemistry was performed.

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Military working dogs are often trained and/or work in locations where the potential for snake bites is increased. Knowledge of the local venomous snakes, the effects of their venom, and appropriate initial stabilization is essential for the US Army Veterinary Corps officer (VCO). As military practitioners, VCOs are uniquely situated to benefit from collaboration with other military assets for air evacuation and treatment of their patients.

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