Alopecia Areata Is Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use in a Case-Control Study of 4,785 Patients.

Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated association of alopecia areata (AA) with anxiety and depression. However, few case-control studies have evaluated AA association with posttraumatic stress disorder and lifestyle factors, including alcohol use. We aimed to assess associations of AA with psychiatric disorders and lifestyle factors using a national database.

Celebrating Diversity: Unveiling the Characteristics of Nail Psoriasis and Nail Lichen Planus in 30 Patients With Skin of Color.

Introduction: Dermatological conditions affecting the nails can manifest differently in individuals with distinct skin tones. This often leads to difficulty in the recognition of nail diseases, especially in people with skin of color (SoC), who are not well represented in the literature.

Objectives: Our aim was to provide dermatologists with useful clues for prompt recognition and diagnosis of nail psoriasis (NPso) and nail lichen planus (NLP) in people with SoC.

SHIV remission in macaques with early treatment initiation and ultra long-lasting antiviral activity.

Studies in SIV-infected macaques show that the virus reservoir is particularly refractory to conventional suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). We posit that optimized ART regimens designed to have robust penetration in tissue reservoirs and long-lasting antiviral activity may be advantageous for HIV or SIV remission. Here we treat macaques infected with RT-SHIV with oral emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide and long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine without (n = 4) or with (n = 4) the immune activator vesatolimod after the initial onset of viremia.

Expert consensus on serratus anterior plane block education and credentialing: A modified-Delphi study.

Objective: The serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) is a regional anaesthesia technique with increasing use as an analgesic adjunct in patients with rib fractures. The present study aimed to generate consensus of the requirements of education, training and credentialing for the use of a 'single shot' SAPB in the management of rib fractures.

Methods: A modified Delphi process was designed using online questionnaires.

Bilateral Shoulder Infections and Delayed Recognition of Spinal Discitis in an Adult Male With Mild COVID-19 and Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Case Report and Literature Review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with numerous complications beyond the respiratory tract, including spinal and joint co-infections and secondary infections. However, we could not locate any reported cases of bilateral shoulder infections with additional spinal infections associated with mild (like our patient) COVID-19 or with more severe cases of COVID-19. We report the case of a healthy 62-year-old male who presented with mild COVID-19 and concurrent methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) bacteremia associated with multiple musculoskeletal sites of deep-seated infection.

Mating Behaviour Influences the Direction and Geographic Extent of Introgression in New Zealand Fishing Spiders (Dolomedes).

Introgression is a highly influential process in evolution, where genes flow between species that are not fully reproductively isolated. Studies on introgression often focus on describing gene transfer and environmental changes that facilitate the meeting of species. However, the impact of mating systems and behaviour that facilitate gene transfer is less well-known.

Diagnosis and management of subungual and periungual verruca: A clinical review.

Nail unit verruca is the most common nail tumor encountered in clinical practice and may be highly distressing to patients due to reduced functionality, cosmesis, and stigmatization. Subungual and periungual verrucae present a challenge for treatment compared to cutaneous warts of other sites and recurrence rates are high. The risk of spread to other skin and mucosal areas inherent to all warts may be increased given location on the fingertips.

Development of an evidence-based strategy to implement the HIRAID® emergency nursing framework in rural emergency departments using behaviour change theory.

Introduction: Emergency nurses are critical to emergency care delivery, particularly in rural areas with limited medical support. To support nurses, the validated emergency nursing framework, HIRAID®, was to be implemented. Implementing interventions in the emergency context is notoriously difficult and rural areas have added challenges with limited resources across large geographic areas.

Barriers and enablers to nurse-initiated care in emergency departments: An embedded mixed methods survey study.

Background: Increased demand, wait times and length of stay have seen many emergency departments implement nurse-initiated protocols In New South Wales, Australia, 74 nurse-initiated protocols have been developed for implementation. The aim of this paper is to identify the barriers and enablers to nurses' use of these protocols to inform and maximise future implementation.

Methods: Data were collected via surveys informed by the theoretical domains' framework and the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI).

Nurse-led framework to improve the safety and quality of residential aged care (HIRAID® Aged Care): protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial.

Background: The health issues experienced by older people can often be severe and complex, and an increasing number are using residential aged care services to meet their care needs. High-quality nursing care is fundamental to the health and safety of aged care residents and is contingent on nurses' accurate assessment, informed decision-making, and delivery of timely interventions. However, the role of the aged care nurse is often challenging, impeded by factors such as understaffing, high workloads, and a lack of access to clinical infrastructure and resources.

Integration across biophysical scales identifies molecular and cellular correlates of person-to-person variability in human brain connectivity.

Brain connectivity arises from interactions across biophysical scales, ranging from molecular to cellular to anatomical to network level. To date, there has been little progress toward integrated analysis across these scales. To bridge this gap, from a unique cohort of 98 individuals, we collected antemortem neuroimaging and genetic data, as well as postmortem dendritic spine morphometric, proteomic and gene expression data from the superior frontal and inferior temporal gyri.

The use and impact of pathology tests in emergency department patients with mental health-related complaints: A cross sectional study.

Objective: To evaluate the use and impact of pathology tests in patients who present to the ED with mental health-related complaints. The primary objective is to measure the proportion of patients undergoing pathology tests and assess whether these tests trigger a change in management.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed all recorded mental health presentations to our regional ED between January and June 2021.

Two-Photon Microscopy to Measure Calcium Signaling in the Living Brain.

Two-photon microscopy enables imaging of calcium signaling at cellular or subcellular resolution up to hundreds of microns deep in the living brain. Changes in the brightness of fluorescent calcium indicators provide a readout of calcium levels over time, affording information about neuronal activity and/or calcium-dependent subcellular signaling. Here, we describe a protocol for repeated two-photon imaging of calcium signals in mice expressing a genetically encoded calcium indicator that have been implanted with a chronic cranial window.

What proportion of women presenting to the emergency department with early pregnancy bleeding receive appropriate care?

Objective: To determine the proportion of women presenting to EDs across a regional health district, with early pregnancy bleeding, who received appropriate care.

Methods: Retrospective cohort review of linked data from five data sets: ED, pathology, radiology, costs and non-admitted/outpatient. Data collected from five EDs between January 2011 and December 2020, across one health district in NSW, Australia, with 150 000 annual ED presentations.

Data-Driven Implementation Strategy to Optimise Clinician Behaviour Change at Scale in Complex Clinical Environments: A Multicentre Emergency Care Study.

Aim: To develop an evidence-driven, behaviour change focused strategy to maximise implementation and uptake of HIRAID (History including Infection risk, Red flags, Assessment, Interventions, Diagnostics, communication and reassessment) in 30 Australian rural, regional and metropolitan emergency departments.

Design: An embedded, mixed-methods study.

Methods: This study is the first phase of a step-wedge cluster randomised control trial of HIRAID involving over 1300 emergency nurses.