Critical media attributes in E-beam sterilization of corneal tissue.

When ionizing irradiation interacts with a media, it can form reactive species that can react with the constituents of the system, leading to eradication of bioburden and sterilization of the tissue. Understanding the media's properties such as polarity is important to control and direct those reactive species to perform desired reactions. Using ethanol as a polarity modifier of water, we herein generated a series of media with varying relative polarities for electron beam (E-beam) irradiation of cornea at 25 kGy and studied how the irradiation media's polarity impacts properties of the cornea.

Toward electron-beam sterilization of a pre-assembled Boston keratoprosthesis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of electron-beam (E-beam) irradiation on the human cornea and the potential for E-beam sterilization of Boston keratoprosthesis (BK) devices when pre-assembled with a donor cornea prior to sterilization.

Methods: Human donor corneas and corneas pre-assembled in BK devices were immersed in recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA) media and E-beam irradiated at 25 kGy. Mechanical (tensile strength and modulus, and compression modulus), chemical, optical, structural, and degradation properties of the corneal tissue after irradiation and after 6 months of preservation were evaluated.

Niobium-substituted octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) materials in selective oxidation of methanol to dimethoxymethane.

Octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) refers to a one-dimensional 2 × 2 framework of octahedral manganese oxo units based on the cryptomelane-type framework. Herein, we describe a niobium (Nb) substituted mixed metal oxide of Nb and Mn where the cryptomelane-type framework is retained. These materials are hydrothermally synthesized from the reaction of potassium permanganate, manganese sulfate, and homogeneous niobium(v) precursors.

Cu supported on mesoporous ceria: water gas shift activity at low Cu loadings through metal-support interactions.

We have synthesized and tested a highly active Cu doped mesoporous CeO catalyst system for the low temperature water-gas shift (WGS) reaction. While typical oxide-supported copper WGS catalysts are characterized by high copper loadings (30-40%), the morphological properties of the mesoporous CeO material enable high catalytic activity at copper loadings as low as 1%. Operando X-ray diffraction, in situ X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) methods were used to probe the interactions between the metal and mesoporous oxide components under reaction conditions.

Understanding the role of gold nanoparticles in enhancing the catalytic activity of manganese oxides in water oxidation reactions.

The Earth-abundant and inexpensive manganese oxides (MnOx) have emerged as an intriguing type of catalysts for the water oxidation reaction. However, the overall turnover frequencies of MnOx catalysts are still much lower than that of nanostructured IrO2 and RuO2 catalysts. Herein, we demonstrate that doping MnOx polymorphs with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can result in a strong enhancement of catalytic activity for the water oxidation reaction.

N-(4-Bromo-phen-yl)acetamide: a new polymorph.

A new polymorph of the title compound, C8H8BrNO, has been determined at 173 K in the space group P21/c. The previous room-temperature structure was reported to crystallize in the ortho-rhom-bic space group Pna21 [Andreetti et al. (1968 ▶).

Redetermination of loperamide monohydrate.

The structure of the title compound {systematic name: 4-[4-(4-chloro-phen-yl)-4-hy-droxy-piperidin-1-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-di-phenyl-butanamide monohydrate}, C(29)H(33)ClN(2)O(2)·H(2)O, has been redetermined at 170 (2) K. The redetermination is of significantly higher precision than the previous structure determination at room temperature and includes the H-atom coordinates that were not included in the previous report [Germain et al. (1977 ▶).

(1E)-1-(3-Bromo-phen-yl)ethanone 2,4-di-nitro-phenyl-hydrazone.

The title compound, C(14)H(11)BrN(4)O(4), contains 3-bromo-phenyl and 2,4-dinitro-phenyl groups on opposite sides of a hydrazone unit and crystallizes with two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The dihedral angles between the two ring systems in each mol-ecule are 2.0 (1) and 2.

2,3-Dibromo-1,3-bis-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)propan-1-one.

In the title compound, C(15)H(10)Br(2)F(2)O, the dihedral angle between the two 3-fluoro-substituted benzene rings is 5.7 (5)°. The two bromine substituents on the chalcone moiety are close to anti as the Br-C-C-Br torsion angle is 176.

(E)-3-(4-Meth-oxy-phen-yl)-1-[4-(piperidin-1-yl)phen-yl]prop-2-en-1-one.

The piperidine ring in the title compound, C(21)H(23)NO(2), is in a slightly distorted chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 5.6 (4)°.

3,5-Bis(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole.

In the title compound, C(21)H(16)F(2)N(2), the dihedral angle between the fluoro-phenyl groups is 66.34 (8)°, and the dihedral angle between the envelope-configured pyrazole group (N/N/C/C/C) and the benzene ring is 11.50 (9)°.