[Training healthcare teams of a multi-site university hospital on high-alert medication issues: using an escape room].

Objectives: High-Alert Medications represent a significant concern in clinical practice. The importance of raising awareness and training healthcare professionals appears essential for improving the quality and safety of care. Thus, an interactive and participatory educational format named escape room was employed in a multi-site University Hospital Center.

Formulation, Quality Control and Stability Study of Pediatric Oral Dextrose Gel.

Little information is available on the stability and quality controls of compounded 40% dextrose gel required to ensure its safe use in the treatment and prevention of neonatal hypoglycemia. Whether its efficacy relies on buccal absorption also remains uncertain. This study investigates the stability, microbiological safety, rheological properties and dextrose diffusion of a compounded 40% oral dextrose gel, ensuring it can be widely compounded and stored for clinical use.

The chiral 5,6-cyclohexane-fused uracil ring-system: A molecular platform with promising activity against SARS-CoV-2.

The recurrent global exposure to highly challenging viral epidemics, and the still limited spectrum of effective pharmacological options step on the accelerator towards the development of new antiviral medicines. In this work we explored the anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential of a recently launched chiral ring system based on the uracil scaffold fused to carbocycle rings. The asymmetric synthesis of two generations of chiral uracil-based compounds (overall 31 different products), and their in vitro cytotoxicity and antiviral screening against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 in U87.

Evaluation of parenteral diluent contamination by caprolactam.

Purpose: A leachable cyclic amide (caprolactam) can be found in normal saline (NS) and 5% dextrose in water (D5W) plastic bags widely used in clinical practice if they contain polyamide in a multilayer sheeting. This contamination and the parameters that could influence its content have never been studied in a public work such as a scientific publication.

Methods: Two independent laboratories validated a caprolactam dosing method and studied contamination levels in several containers.

[Overview of hospital city repay for paediatric preparations initiated within the Marseille Public University Hospital system].

Objectives: Hospital internal-use pharmacies are required to make pharmaceutical preparations in order to obtain a medication in a dosage and/or Galenic form (FG) suitable for pediatric use. The aim of this study is to assess the procedures for continuing pharmaceutical preparations initiated within the Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille in an outpatient setting.

Methods: Hospital discharge prescriptions and/or consultation prescriptions involving paediatric magistral preparations and issued by our Hospital Centre were collected from two pharmacies with significant preparation activity at national level.

Systematic screening of photopolymer resins for stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing of solid oral dosage forms: Investigation of formulation factors on printability outcomes.

Pharmaceutical three-dimensional printing (3DP) is now in its golden age. Recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the research in 3D printed pharmaceuticals due to their potential to deliver highly personalised medicines, thus revolutionising the way medicines are designed, manufactured, and dispensed. A particularly attractive 3DP technology used to manufacture medicines is stereolithography (SLA), which features key advantages in terms of printing resolution and compatibility with thermolabile drugs.

Shaping Chirality via Stereoselective, Organocatalytic [4+2] Cycloadditions involving Heterocyclic ortho-Quinodimethanes.

Polycyclic compounds bearing a complex heterocyclic core such as an aromatic heterocycle "fused" with one or more functionalized rings, are widespread leading molecules in the domain of synthetic organic chemistry and pharmaceuticals. Although many synthetic methodologies have been devised to access achiral, fused heteroaromatic scaffolds, or related chiral variants adorned with out-of-cycle stereogenic elements, equally efficient strategies to afford chiral heterocycles featuring in-cycle stereocenters, exist to a lesser extent and presently represent a growing field of investigation. The mild, organocatalytic generation of elusive ortho-quinodimethane intermediates (oQDMs), derived from suitable heteroaromatic carbonyl- or carbonyl-like pronucleophiles has recently proved successful in the synthesis of such peculiar chiral architectures via stereoselective [4+2] cycloadditions.

Turning the Imidazole Core into Three-Dimensional Ring Systems: Mild Organocatalytic Entry to Enantiopure 6,7-Dihydrobenzimidazoles.

Organocatalytic asymmetric transformation of common aromatic heterocycles via in situ formation of highly reactive dearomatized ortho-quinodimethane diene species and subsequent [4+2] cycloaddition with suitable dienophiles has become a powerful tool to enter cyclohexane-fused heterocycles. Most of these reactions were previously applied to benzo-fused heterocycles or poorly aromatic rings. Herein, we disclose how previously intractable aromatic imidazole rings, equipped with removable methylidene malononitrile activating handle, could be involved as competent cycloaddends with β-aryl enals in efficient eliminative [4+2] cycloadditions under mild organocatalytic conditions.

Low-dose erythromycin in pediatrics: Formulation and stability of 20 mg hard gelatin capsules.

Objective: Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that is also prescribed off-label in premature neonates as a prokinetic agent. There is no oral formulation with dosage and/or excipients adapted for these high-risk patients.

Methods: Clinical studies of erythromycin as a prokinetic agent were reviewed.

Stability Study of Parenteral N-Acetylcysteine, and Chemical Inhibition of Its Dimerization.

Parenteral N-acetylcysteine has a wide variety of clinical applications, but its use can be limited by a poor chemical stability. We managed to control parenteral N-acetylcysteine stability, and to study the influence of additives on the decrease of N-acetylcysteine degradation. First, an HPLC-UV dosing method of N-acetylcysteine and its main degradation product, a dimer, was validated and the stability without additive was studied.

Pre-formulation and Stability Study of 20-mcg Clonidine Hydrochloride Pediatric Capsules.

Objective: Clonidine hydrochloride is an antihypertensive, centrally acting α2 adrenergic agonist with various pediatric indications. For pediatric patients, 20-mcg clonidine hydrochloride capsules can be compounded from commercial tablets or from a pre-compounded titrated powder. These methods should be compared to ensure the best quality for the high-risk patients, and a beyond-use date should be established.

Satiety and consumers' perceptions: What opinions do Argentinian and Brazilian people have about yogurt fortified with dairy and legume proteins?

This study (1) evaluated the perceptions of Argentinian and Brazilian consumers regarding yogurt fortified with dairy proteins, legume proteins, or a combination of both, and (2) determined the satiety expectations of these foods as well as the consumers' intentions to taste and purchase protein-fortified yogurt. A total of 298 Argentinian and 100 Brazilian participants completed an online survey for this study. The free word association technique was used to investigate their perceptions about "satiety" as a verbal stimulus and 6 concepts of yogurt as visual/verbal stimuli (yogurt, set yogurt, skim set yogurt, skim set yogurt with a high content of dairy proteins, skim set yogurt with a high content of legume proteins, and skim set yogurt with a mix of dairy and legume proteins).

Nintedanib-Containing Dual Conjugates Targeting αβ Integrin and Tyrosine Kinase Receptors as Potential Antifibrotic Agents.

αβ Integrin plays a fundamental role in the activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), the major profibrotic mediator; for this reason, αβ ligands have recently been forwarded to clinical phases for the therapy of fibrotic diseases. Herein, we report the synthesis and biological evaluation as antifibrotic agents of three new covalent conjugates, constituted by (AmpLRGDL), an αβ integrin-recognizing small cyclopeptide, and nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) treatment. One of these conjugates recapitulates optimal antifibrotic properties of the two active units.

Stability Studies of Fludrocortisone Acetate Capsules and Fludrocortisone Acetate Titrated Powders (Powder Triturates).

Fludrocortisone acetate is a drug used to treat adrenal insufficiencies which can be prescribed to hospitalized or ambulatory pediatric patients at dosages not commercially available. For these patients, 10-µg fludrocortisone capsules are currently compounded from a pre-compounded titrated powder (powder triturate). Fludrocortisone stability studies were carried out to ensure a valid beyond-use date.

Efficacy of immunization with a recombinant S. aureus vaccine formulated with liposomes and ODN-CpG against natural S. aureus intramammary infections in heifers and cows.

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the ability of a subunit vaccine composed of recombinant molecules of α-toxin, β-toxin, FnBPA and ClfA, formulated with cationic liposomes and CpG-ODN, to confer protection against natural S. aureus intramammary infection (IMI) and to assess the antibody response against the vaccine components. A stringent criterion based on molecular identification of the isolates was used to define IMI.

Paediatric capsule compounding in hospital practices: by weight or by volume?

Objective: Capsule compounding is common for paediatric patients. In Europe, pharmacists often use a volume-based method whereas, in the USA, the weight-based method prevails. These two methods should be compared in order to help hospital pharmacists to make their choice.

Beyond-Use Dates Assignment for Pharmaceutical Preparations: Example of Low-Dose Amiodarone Capsules.

Beyond-use dates (BUDs) in compounding practice are assigned from stability studies. The United States Pharmacopoeia (USP 42 NF 37) suggested to assign a 6 months BUD for dry oral forms. A new pediatric formula of amiodarone capsules was implemented in our hospital, with 3 dosages (5 mg, 20 mg, and 50 mg).

Metabotypes of flavan-3-ol colonic metabolites after cranberry intake: elucidation and statistical approaches.

Purpose: Extensive inter-individual variability exists in the production of flavan-3-ol metabolites. Preliminary metabolic phenotypes (metabotypes) have been defined, but there is no consensus on the existence of metabotypes associated with the catabolism of catechins and proanthocyanidins. This study aims at elucidating the presence of different metabotypes in the urinary excretion of main flavan-3-ol colonic metabolites after consumption of cranberry products and at assessing the impact of the statistical technique used for metabotyping.

New 4-Aminoproline-Based Small Molecule Cyclopeptidomimetics as Potential Modulators of αβ Integrin.

Integrin αβ belongs to the leukocyte integrin family and represents a therapeutic target of relevant interest given its primary role in mediating inflammation, autoimmune pathologies and cancer-related diseases. The focus of the present work is the design, synthesis and characterization of new peptidomimetic compounds that are potentially able to recognize αβ integrin and interfere with its function. To this aim, a collection of seven new cyclic peptidomimetics possessing both a 4-aminoproline (Amp) core scaffold grafted onto key αβ-recognizing sequences and the (2-methylphenyl)ureido-phenylacetyl (MPUPA) appendage, was designed, with the support of molecular modeling studies.

Impact of insulin adsorption in various containers during hyperkalaemia treatment.

Background: Insulin-glucose therapy in hyperkalaemia treatment has a narrow therapeutic index for a safe and efficient use. We assess the variability of the effective delivered insulin under conditions used in the setting of hyperkalaemia treatment.

Methods: A range of simulated insulin infusions was studied using different containers (bag or syringes) according to the different hyperkalaemia treatment procedures of our institution.

Stereolithography Apparatus Evolution: Enhancing Throughput and Efficiency of Pharmaceutical Formulation Development.

Pharmaceutical applications of 3D printing technologies are growing rapidly. Among these, vat photopolymerisation (VP) techniques, including Stereolithography (SLA) hold much promise for their potential to deliver personalised medicines on-demand. SLA 3D printing offers advantageous features for pharmaceutical production, such as operating at room temperature and offering an unrivaled printing resolution.