Ikeda infection does not negatively impact growth performance or breeding soundness exam results in young beef bulls at bull test stations.

Introduction: Ikeda genotype is an emerging cattle disease in the US. Since 2017, when Ikeda was discovered in beef cattle in two counties in Virginia, cattle infections have risen to include ~67% of Virginia counties and 14 states. Consistent with New Zealand studies, many infected herds in Virginia were >90% positive upon initial testing without overt evidence of infection.

Knowledge, sex, and region associated with primary care providers prescribing adolescents HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Although HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) effectively and safely prevents HIV among adolescents, uptake of PrEP is low. Adolescents must have primary care providers (PCPs) prescribe them PrEP, making PCPs critical actors in PrEP delivery. However, research has primarily investigated determinants of PCPs' intention to prescribe adolescents PrEP rather than the determinants of performing the behavior itself.

Implementation Factors Associated With Primary Care Providers' Intention to Prescribe HIV PrEP to Adolescents in the United States.

Purpose: In the United States, adolescents (those 13-18 years old) are a key age group of those at risk for and affected by HIV. Although HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), one promising HIV prevention tool, is approved for eligible adolescents to use, adolescent access to PrEP is limited by primary care providers' (PCPs) willingness to prescribe it. This study examined which Theoretical Domains Framework factors are associated with PCPs' intention to prescribe PrEP to sexually active adolescents.

Supplementing Ca salts of soybean oil via low-moisture molasses-based blocks to improve reproductive performance and overall productivity of beef cows.

This experiment evaluated reproductive and productive responses of beef cows receiving self-fed low-moisture blocks (LMB) enriched or not with Ca salts of soybean oil (CSSO) throughout the breeding season. Non-pregnant, suckled multiparous Angus-influenced cows were assigned to a fixed-time artificial insemination (AI) protocol (day -10 to 0) followed by natural service (day 15-70). Cows were managed in 12 groups (46 ± 4 cows/group) maintained in individual pastures, and groups received LMB enriched with 25 % (as-fed basis) of CSSO or ground corn (CON) from day - 10 to 100.

Assessing pregnancy outcomes in cow-calf operations after administration of modified-live or killed virus vaccinations at the initiation of synchronization for fixed-time AI.

The objective of this study was to compare the reproductive outcomes (artificial insemination [AI] pregnancy rates, season pregnancy rates, AI pregnancy losses) and calf traits (birth and weaning weights) after vaccination of suckled beef cows against bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus using commercially-available modified-live virus (MLV) or killed virus (KV) vaccine at the initiation of a fixed-time AI program. Previously-vaccinated cows (n = 2138) on 14 farms throughout Virginia were enrolled in the study during the Fall 2017 and Spring 2018 breeding seasons. Animals received a single vaccination injection at 10 d pre-breeding, corresponding with time of CIDR insertion at initiation of the 7-d CO-Synch + CIDR synchronization protocol.

Effects of temperament on reproductive performance of heifers enrolled in the 7-day CO-Synch + controlled internal drug release protocol.

Cattle temperament significantly impacts production traits such as reproduction. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of temperament on pregnancy rates to fixed-timed artificial insemination (TAI) in beef heifers. A total of 297 Angus influenced heifers from 3 different locations were evaluated for temperament based on chute score and exit velocity on the first day of the estrus synchronization protocol (d-9) and classified by temperament type based on temperament score (calm ≤ 3 < excitable).

Linking Sexting Expectancies with Motivations to Sext.

While many researchers have explored the impact sexting may have on relationships and mental health, few have explored the motivations and expectancies as to why individuals engage in sexting. By understanding why individuals sext their partners, we can learn more about what drives the behavior. Therefore, the current study sought to determine if sexting for sexual purposes (SP) or body image reinforcement (BIR) would predict positive sext expectancies.

The impact of initial social distancing measures on individuals' anxiety and loneliness depending on living with their romantic/sexual partners.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, large swaths of the U.S. were under stay-at-home orders, thus preventing many individuals from leaving their homes.

A retrospective analysis of bull:cow ratio effects on pregnancy rates of beef cows previously enrolled in fixed-time artificial insemination protocols.

This retrospective study aimed to determine if the number of cows exposed per bull affects pregnancy rates of cows returning to estrus after fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). Data were compiled over the course of 13 breeding seasons (six fall and seven spring seasons) between 2010 and 2017 from the Virginia Department of Corrections herd. Available records contained data from 17 farms and 324 groups of cows (average 47 cows/group).

Comparison of reproductive performance of AI- and natural service-sired beef females under commercial management.

The objective of this study was to assess differences in reproductive performance of natural service and artificial insemination () sired beef females based on pregnancy outcomes, age at first calving, and calving interval. Data were sourced from 8,938 cows sired by AI bulls and 3,320 cows sired by natural service bulls between 2010 and 2017. All cows were in a commercial Angus herd with 17 management units located throughout Virginia and represented spring and fall calving seasons.

Applicant factors contributing to interview selection, ranking determination, and judgement of "Fit" among health service psychology internship training programs.

Background: The predoctoral internshipAQ4 training year is the capstone training experience for health service doctoral students. Previous research has explored what applicant characteristics are desired by internship sites and has not thoroughly explored differences between types of sites or criteria importance at different stages of applicant consideration (interview vs. ranking).

Preferred Methods of HIV and Sexually Transmissible Infection Screening Delivery Among a Rural Sample of Men Who Have Sex with Men.

Despite the national HIV and sexually transmissible infection (STI) rates growing in rural areas, rural populations-particularly men who have sex with men (MSM), have limited access to secondary (i.e., HIV/STI screening) prevention activities compared with their urban counterparts.

Interface of Internalized Homophobia and Community Connectedness on Frequency of Doctor's Visits for Rural and Urban MSM in Oklahoma.

Purpose: Men who have sex with men (MSM) face persistent risk of stigma, with past studies showing unequal treatments of MSM in health care settings. Contextual factors, such as internalized homophobia and connectedness to one's community, have shown to serve as a barrier or facilitator (respectively) with regard to MSM's decisions to seek preventative treatment. These studies, however, predominately feature urban populations, with less consideration given to rural MSM.

Assessing the Health Care Experiences of Rural Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM).

Research investigating the health care experiences of men who have sex with men (MSM) predominately concerns urban populations. This study examines the health care experiences of MSM residing in rural Oklahoma. A total of 40 MSM (aged 21 through 66) living in rural areas were interviewed.

Experiences of Stigma by Gay and Bisexual Men in Rural Oklahoma.

The unique experiences of men who have sex with men (MSM) residing in culturally conservative rural areas are not well represented in the scientific literature. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in the United States has shifted toward rural areas where populations are dispersed and health care resources are limited. We recruited 40 sexual minority men, ages 22-66, residing in rural Oklahoma for in-depth, qualitative sexual health interviews that sought to understand how cultural and social environments impacted health behaviors.

Sex-Ed without the Stigma: What Gay and Bisexual Men Would like Offered in School Based Sex Education.

This study highlights the experiences of gay and bisexual men who live in Oklahoma with formalized sex education. Open-ended prompts were provided to individuals (= 112) who completed an online questionnaire assessing their experience with sex education and what they would like to see offered. The majority of participants did not receive a formalized sex education and they want to see a comprehensive sex education program provided in public schools.

Factors Associated with Condom Use among a Sample of Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) Residing in Rural Oklahoma.

Public health literature often neglects populations from rural communities, particularly with men who have sex with men (MSM). Although HIV/STI infections are decreasing slightly, there is an increase within rural MSM, thus opening the door for further research on condom use behavior in a rural context. In-depth interviews were conducted with 40 MSM in rural Oklahoma regarding their condom use and sexual behaviors.

"What Should Sex Look Like?" Students' Desires for Expanding University Sexual Assault Prevention Programs to Include Comprehensive Sex Education.

Rates of sexual assault and sexual violence among college-aged adults are much higher than the national rates of sexual assault and sexual violence. Therefore, reduction and prevention of sexual violence among university students is critical and is consistent with national public health priorities. Often times, messages to students focus only on sexual assault and omit larger notions of sexual health.

Adverse childhood experiences and MSM marijuana use.

Background: Past research identified individuals who experienced adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are at a higher risk of drug use. There is evidence to suggest that identifying as a man who has sex with other men (MSM) may increase the likelihood of drug use when adverse childhood experiences are prevalent. However, research has not addressed if this association is present in both rural and urban MSM, as other studies found that rurality/urbanity is a key determinant in detrimental outcomes for MSM.

Motivations for Nonuniversity-Based Adults Who Sext Their Relationship Partners.

Little is known about motivations of adults who sext their relationship partners. Participants ( = 126, 71 male) completed an online questionnaire to assess their motivations for sexting their current relationship partner(s). The results of a MANOVA indicated the overwhelming motivation was to initiate sexual behaviors for all groups.

Administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin prior to fixed-time artificial insemination and the effects on fertility, embryo, and fetal size in beef heifers.

Our objectives were to determine the effects of the administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) at the initiation of a fixed-time AI (TAI) protocol on concentrations of plasma IGF-1, follicle diameter, embryo/fetal size, and pregnancy rates in replacement beef heifers. Four hundred and fourteen Angus-based beef heifers were enrolled in a completely randomized design at 4 locations from January to July of 2016. All heifers were exposed to the 7-d CO-Synch + controlled internal drug release (CIDR) protocol where they received a 100-µg injection of GnRH and a CIDR insert on day -9, 25 mg of PGF2α at CIDR removal on day -2, followed by a 100-µg injection of GnRH and TAI 54 ± 2 h later on day 0.

Supplementing Ca salts of soybean oil after artificial insemination increases pregnancy success in Bos taurus beef cows.

Two experiments investigated the effects of supplementing Ca salts of soybean oil (CSSO) during early gestation on reproductive function and pregnancy rates to AI in Bos taurus beef cows. In Exp. 1, 771 suckled, lactating, multiparous Angus cows were divided into 22 groups of approximately 35 cows per group and timed inseminated on day 0.

Evaluation of the Southern Harm Reduction Coalition for HIV Prevention: Advocacy Accomplishments.

Background: HIV/AIDS rates are higher in the Southern United States compared to other regions of the country. Reasons for disparities include poverty, health care access, and racism. People who inject drugs (PWID) account for 8% of HIV/AIDS incidence rates.

Barriers to Access and Adoption of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) in a Relatively Rural State.

Biomedical intervention approaches, including antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), have been demonstrated to reduce HIV incidence among several at-risk populations and to be cost effective. However, there is limited understanding of PrEP access and uptake among men who have sex with men (MSM) residing in relatively rural states. Twenty semistructured interviews were conducted (August-November 2016) to assess opinions of and perceived barriers to accessing and adopting PrEP among MSM residing in Oklahoma.