Predicting the risk of osteoporosis in older Vietnamese women using machine learning approaches.

Osteoporosis contributes significantly to health and economic burdens worldwide. However, the development of osteoporosis-related prediction tools has been limited for lower-middle-income countries, especially Vietnam. This study aims to develop prediction models for the Vietnamese population as well as evaluate the existing tools to forecast the risk of osteoporosis and evaluate the contribution of covariates that previous studies have determined to be risk factors for osteoporosis.

Pharmacologic induction of PGC-1α stimulates fetal haemoglobin gene expression.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder that affects millions around the world. Enhancement of fetal γ-globin levels and fetal haemoglobin (HbF) production in SCD patients leads to diminished severity of many clinical features of the disease. We recently identified the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α as a new protein involved in the regulation of the globin genes.

Effects of isoleucine 135 side chain length on the cofactor donor-acceptor distance within FH:NADP oxidoreductase: A kinetic analysis.

FH:NADP Oxidoreductase (Fno) catalyzes the reversible reduction of NADP to NADPH by transferring a hydride from the reduced F cofactor. Here, we have employed binding studies, steady-state and pre steady-state kinetic methods upon Fno and isoleucine 135 (I135) Fno variants in order to study the effects of side chain length on the donor-acceptor distance between NADP and the F precursor, FO. The conserved I135 residue of Fno was converted to a valine, alanine and glycine, thereby shortening the side chain length.

Evidence of Negative Cooperativity and Half-Site Reactivity within an F420-Dependent Enzyme: Kinetic Analysis of F420H2:NADP(+) Oxidoreductase.

Here, we report the very first example of half-site reactivity and negative cooperativity involving an important F420 cofactor-dependent enzyme. F420H2:NADP(+) oxidoreductase (Fno) is an F420 cofactor-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reduction of NADP(+) through the transfer of a hydride from the reduced F420 cofactor. These catalytic processes are of major significance in numerous biochemical processes.

Optimization of Expression and Purification of Recombinant Archeoglobus fulgidus F420H2:NADP+ Oxidoreductase, an F420 Cofactor Dependent Enzyme.

Methanogens play a critical role in carbon cycling and contain a number of intriguing biosynthetic pathways. One unusual cofactor found in methanogenic and sulfate reducing archaea is Factor 420 (F420), which can be interconverted between its reduced and oxidized forms by the F420H2:NADP(+) oxidoreductase (Fno) through hydride transfer mechanisms. Here, we report an optimized expression and purification method for recombinant Fno derived from the extreme thermophile Archeoglobus fulgidus.

Convenient synthesis of deazaflavin cofactor FO and its activity in F(420)-dependent NADP reductase.

F420 and FO are phenolic 5-deazaflavin cofactors that complement nicotinamide and flavin redox coenzymes in biochemical oxidoreductases and photocatalytic systems. Specifically, these 5-deazaflavins lack the single electron reactivity with O2 of riboflavin-derived coenzymes (FMN and FAD), and, in general, have a more negative redox potential than NAD(P)(+). For example, F420-dependent NADP(+) oxidoreductase (Fno) is critical to the conversion of CO2 to CH4 by methanogenic archaea, while FO functions as a light-harvesting agent in DNA repair.

Cost effectiveness of tobacco control policies in Vietnam: the case of population-level interventions.

Background: Tobacco smoking is one of the leading public health problems in the world. It is also possible to prevent and/or reduce the harm from tobacco use through the use of cost-effective tobacco control measures. However, most of this evidence comes from developed countries and little research has been conducted on this issue in developing countries.