and antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities of Del. leaf extracts.

(VA) leaves contain many potential active ingredients and exhibit diverse pharmacological activities. The antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects of VA crude and fraction extracts were carried out using Swiss albino mice models. VAE is considered safe to be administered due to LD being greater than 10,000 mg/kg body weight.

Effectiveness of mHealth intervention on safe abortion knowledge and perceived barriers to safe abortion services among female sex workers in Vietnam.

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) has been used to promote sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education and services; however, little is known about the use of mHealth to improve safe abortion knowledge and access to safe abortion services among female sex workers (FSWs). This study evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of intervention through changes in knowledge on safe abortion and changes in perceived barriers to safe abortion services among FSWs in Vietnam.

Methods: mobile app was developed as an interactive platform to deliver safe abortion education and referral to safe abortion services through short messaging services (SMS) enhanced by tele-counseling for 512 FSWs in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Density Functional Study of Size-Dependent Hydrogen Adsorption on Ag Cr ( = 1-12) Clusters.

Increasing interest has been paid for hydrogen adsorption on atomically controlled nanoalloys due to their potential applications in catalytic processes and energy storage. In this work, we investigate the interaction of H with small-sized Ag Cr ( = 1-12) using density functional theory calculations. It is found that the cluster structures are preserved during the adsorption of H either molecularly or dissociatively.

The binary aluminum scandium clusters Al Sc with + = 13: when is the icosahedron retained?

Geometrical and electronic structures of the 13-atom clusters Al Sc with + = 13, as well as their thermodynamic stabilities were investigated using DFT calculations. Both anionic and neutral isomers of Al Sc were found to retain an icosahedral shape of both Al and Sc systems in which an Al atom occupies the endohedral central position of the icosahedral cage, irrespective of the number of Al atoms present. Such a phenomenon occurs to maximize the number of stronger Al-Al and Sc-Al bonds instead of the weaker Sc-Sc bonds.

Correction: The binary aluminum scandium clusters Al Sc with + = 13: when is the icosahedron retained?

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D1RA06994B.].

Systematic Investigation of the Structure, Stability, and Spin Magnetic Moment of CrM Clusters (M = Cu, Ag, Au, and = 2-20) by DFT Calculations.

Binary clusters of transition-metal and noble-metal elements have been gathering momentum for not only advanced fundamental understanding but also potential as elementary blocks of novel nanostructured materials. In this regard, the geometries, electronic structures, stability, and magnetic properties of Cr-doped Cu , Ag , and Au clusters ( = 2-20) have been systematically studied by means of density functional theory calculations. It is found that the structural evolutions of CrCu and CrAg clusters are identical.

A genomic perspective on the potential of termite-associated MP1 as producer of plant biomass-acting enzymes and exopolysaccharides.

Background: Lignocellulose is a renewable and enormous biomass resource, which can be degraded efficiently by a range of cocktails of carbohydrate-active enzymes secreted by termite gut symbiotic bacteria. There is an urgent need to find enzymes with novel characteristics for improving the conversion processes in the production of lignocellulosic-based products. Although various studies dedicated to the genus as gut symbiont genetic potential related to plant biomass-acting enzymes and exopolysaccharides production has been fully untapped to date.

Characteristics and biomarkers of patients with central nervous system infection admitted to a referral hospital in Northern Vietnam.

Background: Laboratory facilities for etiological diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) infection are limited in developing countries; therefore, patients are treated empirically, and the epidemiology of the pathogens is not well-known. Tubercular meningitis is one of the common causes of meningitis, which has high morbidity and mortality, but lacks sensitive diagnostic assays. The objectives of this study were to determine the causes of meningitis in adult patients by using molecular assays, to assess the risk factors associated with them, and to explore whether biomarkers can differentiate tubercular meningitis from bacterial meningitis.

The Effect of Hypoglycemia on Spectral Moments in EEG Epochs of Different Durations in Type 1 Diabetes Patients.

The potential of using an electroencephalogram (EEG) to detect hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been investigated in both time and frequency domains. Under hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp conditions, we have shown that the brain's response to hypoglycemic episodes could be described by the centroid frequency and spectral gyration radius evaluated from spectral moments of EEG signals. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of hypoglycemia on spectral moments in EEG epochs of different durations and to propose the optimal time window for hypoglycemia detection without using clamp protocols.

Meningitis patients with Angiostrongylus cantonensis may present without eosinophilia in the cerebrospinal fluid in northern Vietnam.

Background: Eosinophilic meningitis (EM) is a rare clinical syndrome caused by both infectious and noninfectious diseases. In tropical pacific countries, Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the most common cause. However, the EM definition varies in the literature, and its relation to parasitic meningitis (PM) remains unclear.

Electroencephalogram Reactivity to Hyperglycemia in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.

This paper is concerned with a study of hyperglycemia on four patients with type 1 diabetes at night time. We investigated the association between hyperglycemic episodes and electroencephalogram (EEG) signals using data from the central and occipital areas. The power spectral density of the brain waves was estimated to compare the difference between hyperglycemia and euglycemia using the hyperglycemic threshold of 8.

Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Detection using EEG Spectral Moments under Natural Occurrence Conditions.

This paper is concerned with a study of hypoglycemia under natural occurrence conditions at night time. Five adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) participated in the experiments. Patients' blood glucose profiles were interpolated to estimate the intermediate values.

Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Detection using Optimal Bayesian Algorithm in an EEG Spectral Moments Based System.

This paper presents a hypoglycemia detection system using electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral moments from 8 patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) at night time. Four channels (C3, C4, O1, and O2) associated with glycemic episodes were analyzed. Spectral moments were applied to EEG signal and its corresponding speed and acceleration.

Challenges in diagnosing scrub typhus among hospitalized patients with undifferentiated fever at a national tertiary hospital in northern Vietnam.

Background: Scrub typhus (ST) is a leading cause of non-malarial febrile illness in Southeast Asia, but evidence of its true disease burden is limited because of difficulties of making the clinical diagnosis and lack of adequate diagnostic tests. To describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of ST, we conducted an observational study using multiple diagnostic assays at a national tertiary hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Methodology/principal Findings: We enrolled 1,127 patients hospitalized with documented fever between June 2012 and May 2013.

Automated grading of acne vulgaris by deep learning with convolutional neural networks.

Background: The visual assessment and severity grading of acne vulgaris by physicians can be subjective, resulting in inter- and intra-observer variability.

Objective: To develop and validate an algorithm for the automated calculation of the Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) scale, to standardize acne severity and outcome measurements.

Materials And Methods: A total of 472 photographs (retrieved 01/01/2004-04/08/2017) in the frontal view from 416 acne patients were used for training and testing.

Structure, stability, absorption spectra and aromaticity of the singly and doubly silicon doped aluminum clusters Al Si with = 3-16 and = 1, 2.

Structures of the binary Al Si clusters in both neutral and cationic states were investigated using DFT and TD-DFT (B3LYP/6-311+G(d)) and (U)CCSD(T)/cc-pvTZ calculations. Silicon-doped aluminum clusters are characterized by low spin ground states. For small sizes, the Si dopant prefers to be located at vertices having many edges.

Electroencephalogram Spectral Moments for the Detection of Nocturnal Hypoglycemia.

Hypoglycemia or low blood glucose is the most feared complication of insulin treatment of diabetes. For people with diabetes, the mismatch between the insulin therapy and the body's physiology could increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Nocturnal hypoglycemia is particularly dangerous for type-1 diabetes patients because its symptoms may obscure during sleep.

Occipital EEG Activity for the Detection of Nocturnal Hypoglycemia.

Nocturnal hypoglycemia is dangerous that threatens patients because of its unclear symptoms during sleep. This paper is a study of hypoglycemia from 8 patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) at night. O1 and O2 EEG data of the occipital lobe associated with glycemic episodes were analyzed.

Origin of the bright photoluminescence of few-atom silver clusters confined in LTA zeolites.

Silver (Ag) clusters confined in matrices possess remarkable luminescence properties, but little is known about their structural and electronic properties. We characterized the bright green luminescence of Ag clusters confined in partially exchanged Ag-Linde Type A (LTA) zeolites by means of a combination of x-ray excited optical luminescence-extended x-ray absorption fine structure, time-dependent-density functional theory calculations, and time-resolved spectroscopy. A mixture of tetrahedral Ag(HO) ( = 2 and = 4) clusters occupies the center of a fraction of the sodalite cages.

Need for a marginal methodology in assessing natural gas system methane emissions in response to incremental consumption.

Accurate quantification of methane emissions from the natural gas system is important for establishing greenhouse gas inventories and understanding cause and effect for reducing emissions. Current carbon intensity methods generally assume methane emissions are proportional to gas throughput so that increases in gas consumption yield linear increases in emitted methane. However, emissions sources are diverse and many are not proportional to throughput.

AuM (M=Cr, Mn, and Fe) as magnetic copies of the golden pyramid.

An investigation on structure, stability, and magnetic properties of singly doped AuM (M=Cr, Mn, and Fe) clusters is carried out by means of density functional theory calculations. The studied clusters prefer forming magnetic versions of the unique tetrahedral Au. Stable sextet AuCr is identified as the least reactive species and can be qualified as a magnetic superatom.

Electronic properties of the polypyrrole-dopant anions ClO and MoO: a density functional theory study.

The conductive properties of polypyrrole chains doped with ClO or MoO anions and the existence of polarons and bipolarons in these doped polypyrrole chains were investigated by performing computational calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). Doping with these anions was found to decrease the band gap of the polypyrrole. Theoretical calculations revealed that changing the type of oxidative agent applied does not affect the conversion of polypyrrole into a conducting polymer, but the conductivity of the doped polypyrrole does depend on the ratio of oxidant to polypyrrole.

A Systematic Investigation on CrCun Clusters with n = 9-16: Noble Gas and Tunable Magnetic Property.

A systematic investigation on structure, dissociation behavior, chemical bonding, and magnetic property of Cr-doped Cun clusters (n = 9-16) is carried out using the mean of density functional theory calculations. It is found that CrCu12 is a crucial size, preferring an icosahedral Cu12 cage with the central Cr dopant. Smaller cluster sizes appear as on the way to form the CrCu12 icosahedron while larger ones are produced by attaching additional Cu atoms to the CrCu12 core.