Case Report: Anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies in an adolescent with disseminated and mycobacterial co-infections.

Background: Anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies (AIGAs) are associated with adult-onset immunodeficiency syndrome, which makes individuals susceptible to intracellular pathogen infections. However, AIGAs are rarely reported in adolescents.

Case Presentation: We report a 13-year-old Chinese boy who presented with fever, cough, and enlarged cervical lymph nodes.

Voriconazole Steady-State Trough Concentrations and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Talaromycosis.

Background: Voriconazole (VRC) has been used as an alternative treatment for talaromycosis. However, there are few studies reporting the VRC plasma concentration in patients with talaromycosis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlations between VRC initial steady-state trough concentration and clinical outcomes.

Potential risk of cross-resistance to voriconazole in HIV/AIDS patients with Talaromyces marneffei infection and the mechanisms of the cross-resistance.

Background: The use of fluconazole for long-term oral candidiasis treatment in HIV/AIDS patients can potentially affect the clearance rate and antifungal efficacy of voriconazole against Talaromyces marneffei infection. We isolated two T. marneffei strains that were both resistant to fluconazole and voriconazole.

Severe disseminated infection in idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia.

Idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia (ICL) is a rare non-HIV-related syndrome, characterized by a reduced CD4 T-cell count and a predisposition to various opportunistic infections. However, (TM) infection has rarely been reported in ICL patients. Here, we report a previously healthy 48-year-old male patient who presented with fever, headache, fatigue, vomiting, and poor appetite.

Full-active pharmaceutical ingredient nanosensitizer for augmented photoimmunotherapy by synergistic mitochondria targeting and immunogenic death inducing.

The precise and effective activation of the immune response is crucial in promising therapy curing cancer. Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is an emerging strategy for precise regulation and highly spatiotemporal selectivity. However, this approach faces a significant challenge due to the off-target effect and the immunosuppressive microenvironment.

Pan-omics-based characterization and prediction of highly multidrug-adapted strains from an outbreak fungal species complex.

Strains from the species complex (CGSC) have caused the Pacific Northwest cryptococcosis outbreak, the largest cluster of life-threatening fungal infections in otherwise healthy human hosts known to date. In this study, we utilized a pan-phenome-based method to assess the fitness outcomes of CGSC strains under 31 stress conditions, providing a comprehensive overview of 2,821 phenotype-strain associations within this pathogenic clade. Phenotypic clustering analysis revealed a strong correlation between distinct types of stress phenotypes in a subset of CGSC strains, suggesting that shared determinants coordinate their adaptations to various stresses.

Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing as an Effective Diagnostic Tool for Talaromycosis in HIV-Negative Patients.

The diagnosis of Talaromyces marneffei infection in HIV-negative patients remains challenging. There is an urgent need for rapid and convenient methods to diagnose this complicated disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for talaromycosis in non-HIV-infected patients by comparing mNGS with traditional microbial culture.

Epidemiologic features and therapeutic strategies of kerion: A nationwide multicentre study.

Background: Kerion is a severe type of tinea capitis that is difficult to treat and remains a public health problem.

Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiologic features and efficacy of different treatment schemes from real-world experience.

Methods: From 2019 to 2021, 316 patients diagnosed with kerion at 32 tertiary Chinese hospitals were enrolled.

Baicalin nanodelivery system based on functionalized metal-organic framework for targeted therapy of osteoarthritis by modulating macrophage polarization.

Intra-articular drugs used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) often suffer from poor pharmacokinetics and stability. Nano-platforms as drug delivery systems for drug delivery are promising for OA therapy. In this study, we reported an M1 macrophage-targeted delivery system Bai@FA-UIO-66-NH based on folic acid (FA) -modified metal-organic framework (MOF) loaded with baicalin (Bai) as antioxidant agent for OA therapy.

Development of IL-17A inhibitor-induced atopic dermatitis-like rash in psoriasis patients: Insights into immune shift.

Cases of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like rash induced by IL-17A inhibitor secukinumab treatment (SI-AD) have been recently reported in psoriasis patients. To identify immune and inflammatory factors expression in SI-AD. A panel of 15 immune and inflammatory factors in peripheral blood samples from various groups, including patients with patients with SI-AD, psoriasis with secukinumab (S-stable), advanced psoriasis patients (Advanced) and healthy controls (HC).

Co-Infection and in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

(TM) and (PJ) infection are opportunistic infections that typically affect individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV or immunodeficiency. However, these infections are rarely seen in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We present a case study of a 52-year-old woman diagnosed with SLE who developed a co-infection of TM and PJ after receiving glucocorticoids, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and belimumab therapy.

The Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Fungemia in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern China: A 6-Year Retrospective Study.

Knowledge of the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of fungemia in southern China is limited. We conducted a six-year retrospective descriptive study to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of fungemia at the largest tertiary hospital in Guangxi, southern China. Data were obtained from the laboratory registry of patients with fungemia between January 2014 and December 2019.

The Epidemiology of Tinea Capitis in Guangxi Province, China.

The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum of tinea capitis in Guangxi, southern China. A multicenter prospective descriptive study was conducted in 8 hospitals across Guangxi. From January 2019 to July 2022, one hundred seventy-one (171) patients diagnosed with tinea capitis were included.

Apophysomyces variabilis as an emerging pathogen in Mainland China.

Background: Mucormycosis is a rare form of invasive, rapidly progressive and lethal opportunistic fungal infection caused by Mucorales. Although Rhizopus arrhizus (R. arrhizus) is the most commonly isolated Mucorales worldwide, infections caused by Apophysomyces variabilis (A.

Population pharmacokinetics of voriconazole and initial dosage optimization in patients with talaromycosis.

The high variability and unpredictability of the plasma concentration of voriconazole (VRC) pose a major challenge for clinical administration. The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetics (PPK) model of VRC and identify the factors influencing VRC PPK in patients with talaromycosis. Medical records and VRC medication history of patients with talaromycosis who were treated with VRC as initial therapy were collected.

The Relationship Between the Effectiveness of HMME-PDT and the Dermoscopic Features of Port-wine Stains in Chinese Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Although pulsed dye laser (PDL) remains the gold standard for the treatment of port-wine stains (PWS), hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) is another treatment modality that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of PWS. This study aimed to observe the clinical efficacy and therapeutic response of HMME-PDT in the treatment of pediatric Chinese patients with PWS and to analyze the association between the efficacy of therapy and the dermoscopic features of PWS.

Methods: Pediatric patients with PWS and negative HMME skin test were enrolled between December 2017 and May 2021.