Inuit birthing in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut: A place-based inquiry of maternity care systems.

Many Indigenous People in Northern and remote areas need to travel away from home for childbirth; however, their birthing traditions and practices are intimately tied to place. This qualitative research study characterized Inuit childbirth experiences and recommendations to enhance birthing supports in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut in Inuit Nunangat, Canada. Birthing experiences were profoundly shaped by relationships and place attachment, and recommendations related to increased Inuit involvement in maternity care systems.

Shear wave propagation in a liquid crystal: An inelastic X-ray scattering study.

We investigated the spectrum of density fluctuations of a liquid crystal, CB7CB, in two different orientations by using high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering. Our analysis, based on Bayesian principles, revealed that high-frequency collective excitations propagate through this mesoscale-ordered sample in a peculiar manner that lies somewhere between those observed in liquids and crystalline systems. Interestingly, when we probed longer length scales, a more pronounced solid-like response emerged.

Examining the mental health impacts of climate change on young people in Canada: a national cross-sectional survey.

Background: Climate change poses a substantial threat to the mental wellbeing of young people. Population-level research is urgently needed to help inform policies and interventions to ensure that young people are not burdened by long-term mental health impacts from climate change. We sought to identify the prevalence, distribution, and factors associated with climate change-related mental and emotional health outcomes among young people (aged 13-34 years) in Canada.

Fingerprints of hydrogen bonding in the terahertz dynamics of ethanol and water: An inelastic x-ray scattering study.

We used inelastic x-ray scattering methods to measure the terahertz spectrum of density fluctuations of ethanol in both liquid and solid phases. The results of a Bayesian inference-based lineshape analysis with a multiple excitation model and the comparison with a previous similar analysis on water indicate that the different structures induced by hydrogen bonds in ethanol and water have a profound influence on the respective dynamic responses, the latter being characterized by longer living and better resolved high-frequency acoustic excitations. In addition, we compare these findings with those obtained with an alternative approach based on the exponential expansion theory and ensuring sum rules fulfillment, demonstrating that the model's choice directly impacts the number of spectral modes detected.

Estimating climate change and mental health impacts in Canada: A cross-sectional survey protocol.

Climate change has severe and sweeping impacts on mental health. Although research is burgeoning on mental health impacts following climate and weather extremes, less is known about how common these impacts are outside of extreme events. Existing research exploring the prevalence of psychosocial responses to climate change primarily examines university students and uses non-random sampling methods.

Role of the single-particle dynamics in the transverse current autocorrelation function of a liquid metal.

A recent simulation study of the transverse current autocorrelation of the Lennard-Jones fluid [Guarini et al., Phys. Rev.

Electronic Circular Dichroism Detects Conformational Changes Associated with Proteasome Gating Confirmed Using AFM Imaging.

Many chronic diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration, are linked to proteasome dysregulation. Proteasome activity, essential for maintaining proteostasis in a cell, is controlled by the gating mechanism and its underlying conformational transitions. Thus, developing effective methods to detect gate-related specific proteasome conformations could be a significant contribution to rational drug design.

Ice phonon spectra and Bayes inference: A gateway to a new understanding of terahertz sound propagation in water.

Understanding how molecules engage in collective motions in a liquid where a network of bonds exists has both fundamental and applied relevance. On the one hand, it can elucidate the "ordering" role of long-range correlations and inspire new avenues to control such order to implement sound manipulation. Water represents an ideal investigation case to unfold these general aspects, and, across the decades, it has been the focus of thorough scrutiny.

The Effect of Embedded Nanoparticles on the Phonon Spectrum of Ice: An Inelastic X-ray Scattering Study.

As a contribution to the ongoing effort toward high-frequency sound manipulation in composite materials, we use Inelastic X-ray Scattering to probe the phonon spectrum of ice, either in a pure form or with a sparse amount of nanoparticles embedded in it. The study aims at elucidating the ability of nanocolloids to condition the collective atomic vibrations of the surrounding environment. We observe that a nanoparticle concentration of about 1 % in volume is sufficient to visibly affect the phonon spectrum of the icy substrate, mainly canceling its optical modes and adding nanoparticle phonon excitations to it.

Onset of collective excitations in the transverse dynamics of simple fluids.

A thorough analysis of the transverse current autocorrelation function obtained by molecular dynamics simulations of a dense Lennard-Jones fluid reveals that even such a simple system is characterized by a varied dynamical behavior with changing length scale. By using the exponential expansion theory, we provide a full account of the time correlation at wavevectors Q between the upper boundary of the hydrodynamic region and Q_{p}/2, with Q_{p} being the position of the main peak of the static structure factor. In the Q range studied, we identify and accurately locate the wavevector at which shear wave propagation starts to take place, and show clearly how this phenomenon may be represented by a damped harmonic oscillator changing, in a continuous way, from an overdamped to an underdamped condition.

Altering Terahertz Sound Propagation in a Liquid upon Nanoparticle Immersion.

One of the grand challenges of new generation Condensed Matter physicists is the development of novel devices enabling the control of sound propagation at terahertz frequency. Indeed, phonon excitations in this frequency window are the leading conveyor of heat transfer in insulators. Their manipulation is thus critical to implementing heat management based on the structural design.

Modulation of the 20S Proteasome Activity by Porphyrin Derivatives Is Steered through Their Charge Distribution.

Cationic porphyrins exhibit an amazing variety of binding modes and inhibition mechanisms of 20S proteasome. Depending on the spatial distribution of their electrostatic charges, they can occupy different sites on α rings of 20S proteasome by exploiting the structural code responsible for the interaction with regulatory proteins. Indeed, they can act as competitive or allosteric inhibitors by binding at the substrate gate or at the grooves between the α subunits, respectively.

Climate change is impacting mental health in North America: A systematic scoping review of the hazards, exposures, vulnerabilities, risks and responses.

As climate change progresses, it is crucial that researchers and policymakers understand the ways in which climate-mental health risks arise through interactions between climate hazards, human exposure and social vulnerabilities across time and location. This scoping review systematically examined the nature, range and extent of published research in North America that investigates climate-mental health interactions. Five electronic databases were searched and two independent reviewers applied pre-determined criteria to assess the eligibility of articles identified in the search.

How Did the Media Report the Mining Industry's Initial Response to COVID-19 in Inuit Nunangat? A Newspaper Review.

Mining in Inuit Nunangat relies on a southern Canada fly-in/fly-out (FIFO) and local workforce. The FIFO workforce, combined with existing social determinants of health, can create health risks to Inuit Nunangat. These risks were increased with COVID-19.

The damping of terahertz acoustic modes in aqueous nanoparticle suspensions.

In this work, we investigate the possibility of controlling the acoustic damping in a liquid when nanoparticles are suspended in it. To shed light on this topic, we performed Inelastic X-Ray Scattering (IXS) measurements of the terahertz collective dynamics of aqueous suspensions of nanospheres of various materials, size, and relative concentration, either charged or neutral. A Bayesian analysis of measured spectra indicates that the damping of the two acoustic modes of water increases upon nanoparticle immersion.

"Sewing Is Part of Our Tradition": A Case Study of Sewing as a Strategy for Arts-Based Inquiry in Health Research With Inuit Women.

In this article, we present a case study of sewing as a strategy for arts-based inquiry in health research, situated within a broader project that highlighted Nunavut Inuit women's childbirth experiences. Five focus groups were hosted as sewing sessions with pregnant women ( = 19) in Iqaluit, Nunavut (2017-2018). Women's reflections on the sessions, and the significance of sewing to Inuit, were integrated with researchers' critical reflections to examine the value of sewing as a strategy for arts-based inquiry within a focus group method: results related to the flexibility of the sessions; how collective sewing created space for voicing, sharing, and relating; sewing as a tactile and place-specific practice tied to Inuit knowledge and tradition; and lessons learned.

Are we walking the talk of participatory Indigenous health research? A scoping review of the literature in Atlantic Canada.

Introduction: Participatory research involving community engagement is considered the gold standard in Indigenous health research. However, it is sometimes unclear whether and how Indigenous communities are engaged in research that impacts them, and whether and how engagement is reported. Indigenous health research varies in its degree of community engagement from minimal involvement to being community-directed and led.

Signature of Many-Body Localization of Phonons in Strongly Disordered Superlattices.

Many-body localization (MBL) has attracted significant attention because of its immunity to thermalization, role in logarithmic entanglement entropy growth, and opportunities to reach exotic quantum orders. However, experimental realization of MBL in solid-state systems has remained challenging. Here, we report evidence of a possible phonon MBL phase in disordered GaAs/AlAs superlattices.

Searching for a second excitation in the inelastic neutron scattering spectrum of a liquid metal: a Bayesian analysis.

When probed at nanometer and picosecond scales, the properties of a liquid present striking analogies with the ones of the corresponding solid, one of the most surprising is the ability of supporting shear wave propagation, as a rigid medium. Although this evidence is being reported by a growing number of terahertz scattering measurements, it remains an open question whether it is universal or rather typical of some liquids only. Furthermore, given its elusive signatures in the scattering signal, the detection of this effect appears as a typical case where an unintentional "bias of confirmation" can mislead experimentalists.

Contacts with Macrophages Promote an Aggressive Nanomechanical Phenotype of Circulating Tumor Cells in Prostate Cancer.

Aggressive tumors of epithelial origin shed cells that intravasate and become circulating tumor cells (CTC). The CTCs that are able to survive the stresses encountered in the bloodstream can then seed metastases. We demonstrated previously that CTCs isolated from the blood of prostate cancer patients display specific nanomechanical phenotypes characteristic of cell endurance and invasiveness and patient sensitivity to androgen deprivation therapy.

How has Indigenous Health Research changed in Atlantic Canada over two decades? A scoping review from 2001 to 2020.

Introduction: Indigenous communities across Canada report that transformations in Indigenous health research are needed, where the benefits of research shift intentionally, collaboratively, and with transparency from the researchers directly to Indigenous communities and partners. Despite its challenges and potential for harm, research, if done ethically and with respect and partnership, can be a force for change and will strengthen the efficacy of data on Indigenous Peoples' health and wellbeing.

Purpose: To characterize the nature, range, and extent of Indigenous health research in Atlantic Canada, and to identify gaps.

Trends and gaps in climate change and health research in North America.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 5th Assessment Report (2014) assessed the state of climate change and health knowledge, globally through the Human Health: Impacts, Adaptation, and Co-Benefits Chapter and regionally through chapters, such as the North America Chapter. With IPCC's 6th Assessment Report scheduled to be released in 2021-22, we asked: how has climate change and health research in North America advanced since the IPCC's 5th Assessment Report in 2014? Specifically, we systematically identified and examined trends in the extent, range, and nature of climate-health research conducted in North America. We used a scoping review methodology to systematically identify literature and map publication trends.

Temperature and place associations with Inuit mental health in the context of climate change.

Background: Climate change has important implications for mental health globally. Yet, few studies have quantified the magnitude and direction of associations between weather and mental health-related factors, or assessed the geographical distribution of associations, particularly in areas experiencing rapid climatic change. This study examined the associations between air temperature variables and mental health-related community clinic visits across Nunatsiavut, Labrador, Canada, and the place-specific attributes of these associations.

SOS! Summer of Smoke: a retrospective cohort study examining the cardiorespiratory impacts of a severe and prolonged wildfire season in Canada's high subarctic.

Objectives: To determine healthcare service utilisation for cardiorespiratory presentations and outpatient salbutamol dispensation associated with 2.5 months of severe, unabating wildfire smoke in Canada's high subarctic.

Design: A retrospective cohort study using hospital, clinic, pharmacy and environmental data analysed using Poisson regression.