Isolation and functional characterization of cold-induced gene (AmCIP) promoter from Ammopiptanthus mongolicus.

AmCIP is a dehydrin-like protein which involved in abiotic stress tolerance in xerophytes evergreen woody plant A. mongolicus. AmCIP could be induced in the cotyledon and radicle during cold acclimation.

Chromosomal-level genome and metabolome analyses of highly heterozygous allohexaploid Dendrocalamus brandisii elucidate shoot quality and developmental characteristics.

Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz is a sympodial bamboo species with inimitable taste and flavorful shoots. Its rapid growth and use as high-quality material make this bamboo species highly valued for both food processing and wood applications. However, genome information for D.

Insights into the mechanism underlying UV-B induced flavonoid metabolism in callus of a Tibetan medicinal plant Mirabilis himalaica.

Mirabilis himalaica is an important Tibetan medicinal plant in China. However, it has become a rare and class I endangered Tibetan medicine plant. Therefore, the use of callus to propagate germplasm resources is of great significance.

Integrative analysis of metabolome and transcriptome reveals the different metabolite biosynthesis profiles related to palatability in winter and spring shoot in moso bamboo.

Moso bamboo winter shoot has good taste and rich nutritional value. To reveal the causes and regulatory mechanism of palatability deterioration from winter to spring shoot, a conjoint analysis of metabolome and transcriptome was conducted on winter and spring shoots of moso bamboo. Totally 909 metabolites were characterized for the first time.

Chromosome-scale genome assembly and insights into the metabolome and gene regulation of leaf color transition in an important oak species, Quercus dentata.

Quercus dentata Thunb., a dominant forest tree species in northern China, has significant ecological and ornamental value due to its adaptability and beautiful autumn coloration, with color changes from green to yellow into red resulting from the autumnal shifts in leaf pigmentation. However, the key genes and molecular regulatory mechanisms for leaf color transition remain to be investigated.

A novel ABA-insensitive mutant in Arabidopsis reveals molecular network of ABA-induced anthocyanin accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance.

Abscisic acid (ABA) plays primary regulatory roles in abiotic stress tolerance and seed germination. Here, we report a unique novel Arabidopsis abscisic acid-insensitive mutant, abr (abscisic acid resistance), which was able to germinate in medium containing high ABA concentrations and tolerant to abiotic stress tolerance. We observed that abr mutant accumulated more anthocyanins by ABA treatment than did the wild type (WT).

Genome-wide identification of AOX family genes in Moso bamboo and functional analysis of PeAOX1b_2 in drought and salinity stress tolerance.

Five PeAOX genes from Moso bamboo genome were identified. PeAOX1b_2-OE improved tolerance to drought and salinity stress in Arabidopsis, indicating it is involved in positive regulation of abiotic stress response. Mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX), the important respiratory terminal oxidase in organisms, catalyzes the energy wasteful cyanide (CN)-resistant respiration, which can improve abiotic stresses tolerance and is considered as one of the functional markers for plant resistance breeding.

Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis in Tibetan Medicinal Plant Saussurea Laniceps Callus under Abiotic Stresses and Hormone Treatments.

Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is an important technique for studying gene expression analysis, but accurate and reliable results depend on the use of a stable reference gene. This study proposes to test the expression stability of candidate reference genes in the callus of , a unique Tibetan medicinal plant. Based on the callus transcriptome, eleven candidate reference genes, including , , , , , , , , , , and ), were validated for RT-qPCR normalization in the callus under abiotic stress (salt, cold, and UV) and hormone treatments (abscisic acid, MeJA, and salicylic acid).

Total and Mitochondrial Transcriptomic and Proteomic Insights into Regulation of Bioenergetic Processes for Shoot Fast-Growth Initiation in Moso Bamboo.

As a fast-growing, woody grass plant, Moso bamboo () can supply edible shoots, building materials, fibrous raw material, raw materials for crafts and furniture and so on within a relatively short time. Rapid growth of Moso bamboo occurs after the young bamboo shoots are covered with a shell and emerge from the ground. However, the molecular reactions of bioenergetic processes essential for fast growth remain undefined.

NaCl-altered oxygen flux profiles and H+-ATPase activity in roots of two contrasting poplar species.

Maintaining mitochondrial respiration is crucial for proving ATP for H+ pumps to continuously exclude Na+ under salt stress. NaCl-altered O2 uptake, mitochondrial respiration and the relevance to H+-ATPase activity were investigated in two contrasting poplar species, Populus euphratica (salt-tolerant) and Populus popularis 35-44 (salt-sensitive). Compared with P.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase family genes in moso bamboo and functional analysis of PeUGDH4 in hemicellulose synthesis.

Uridine diphosphate glucose dehydrogenases (UGDHs) are critical for synthesizing many nucleotide sugars and help promote the carbohydrate metabolism related to cell wall synthesis. In plants, UGDHs are encoded by a small gene family. Genome-wide analyses of these genes have been conducted in Glycine max and Arabidopsis thaliana, however, the UGDH gene family has not been comprehensively and systematically investigated in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), which is a special woody grass monocotyledonous species.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Hexokinase Genes in Moso Bamboo ().

Plant hexokinases (HXKs) are a class of multifunctional proteins that not only act as the enzymes required for hexose phosphorylation but also serve as sugar sensors that repress the expression of some photosynthetic genes when internal glucose level increases and regulators of cell metabolism and some sugar-related signaling pathways independent on their catalytic actives. The HXKs have been studied in many plants; however, limited information is available on HXKs of moso bamboo (). In this study, we identified and characterized 12 hexokinase genes in moso bamboo.

Populus euphratica remorin 6.5 activates plasma membrane H+-ATPases to mediate salt tolerance.

Remorins (REMs) play an important role in the ability of plants to adapt to adverse environments. PeREM6.5, a protein of the REM family in Populus euphratica (salt-resistant poplar), was induced by NaCl stress in callus, roots and leaves.

Heterologous Expression of Three Dehydrin Genes Confers Abiotic Stress Tolerance in .

, a xerophyte plant that belongs to the family Leguminosae, adapts to extremely arid, hot, and cold environments, making it an excellent woody plant to study the molecular mechanisms underlying abiotic stress tolerance. Three dehydrin genes, , , and were cloned from abiotic stress treated seedlings. Cytomembrane-located AmDHN200, nucleus-located AmDHN154, and cytoplasm and nucleus-located AmDHN132 were characterized by constitutive overexpression of their genes in .

Protein partners of plant ubiquitin-specific proteases (UBPs).

As one type of deubiquitinases (DUBs), ubiquitin-specific proteases (UBPs) play an extensive and significant role in plant life involving the regulation of plant development and stress responses. However, comprehensive studies are still needed to determine the functional mechanisms, which are largely unclear. Here, we summarized recent progress of plant UBPs' functional partners, particularly the molecular mechanisms by which UBPs work with their partners.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the UBP Gene Family in Moso Bamboo ().

The largest group of deubiquitinases-ubiquitin-specific proteases (UBPs)-perform extensive and significant roles in plants, including the regulation of development and stress responses. A comprehensive analysis of UBP genes has been performed in , but no systematic study has been conducted in moso bamboo (). In this study, the genome-wide identification, classification, gene, protein, promoter region characterization, divergence time, and expression pattern analyses of the UBPs in moso bamboo were conducted.

JRL Mediates ABA Response, Ionic and ROS Homeostasis in Arabidopsis under Salt Stress.

Sodium chloride (NaCl) induced expression of a jacalin-related mannose-binding lectin () gene in leaves, roots, and callus cultures of (salt-resistant poplar). To explore the mechanism of the in salinity tolerance, the full length of was cloned from and was transformed into Arabidopsis. PeJRL was localized to the cytoplasm in mesophyll cells.

Amelioration of nitrate uptake under salt stress by ectomycorrhiza with and without a Hartig net.

Salt stress is an important environmental cue impeding poplar nitrogen nutrition. Here, we characterized the impact of salinity on proton-driven nitrate fluxes in ectomycorrhizal roots and the importance of a Hartig net for nitrate uptake. We employed two Paxillus involutus strains for root colonization: MAJ, which forms typical ectomycorrhizal structures (mantle and Hartig net), and NAU, colonizing roots with a thin, loose hyphal sheath.

Hydrogen Sulfide Mediates K and Na Homeostasis in the Roots of Salt-Resistant and Salt-Sensitive Poplar Species Subjected to NaCl Stress.

Non-invasive micro-test techniques (NMT) were used to analyze NaCl-altered flux profiles of K, Na, and H in roots and effects of NaHS (a HS donor) on root ion fluxes in two contrasting poplar species, (salt-resistant) and (salt-sensitive). Both poplar species displayed a net K efflux after exposure to salt shock (100 mM NaCl), as well as after short-term (24 h), and long-term (LT) (5 days) saline treatment (50 mM NaCl, referred to as salt stress). NaHS (50 μM) restricted NaCl-induced K efflux in roots irrespective of the duration of salt exposure, but K efflux was not pronounced in data collected from the LT salt stress treatment of .

The complete mitochondrial genome of a tertiary relict evergreen woody plant .

is a tertiary relict evergreen broad-leaf shrub in family Fabaceae with remarkable tolerance to desiccation and low temperature. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of The total genome length was 475,396 bp and contained a total of 127 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes (28 novel genes, 45 known functional genes, and six known orf genes), three rRNA genes, and 45 tRNA genes. Most of the genes were single-copy genes, only six were duplicated and two were multi-copy.

Populus euphratica APYRASE2 Enhances Cold Tolerance by Modulating Vesicular Trafficking and Extracellular ATP in Arabidopsis Plants.

Apyrase and extracellular ATP play crucial roles in mediating plant growth and defense responses. In the cold-tolerant poplar, Populus euphratica, low temperatures up-regulate APYRASE2 (PeAPY2) expression in callus cells. We investigated the biochemical characteristics of PeAPY2 and its role in cold tolerance.

Di-4-ANEPPDHQ, a fluorescent probe for the visualisation of membrane microdomains in living Arabidopsis thaliana cells.

Cholesterol-enriched microdomains, also called lipid rafts, are nanoscale membrane structures with a high degree of structural order. Since these microdomains play important roles in dynamic cytological events, such as cell signalling and membrane trafficking, the detection and tracking of microdomain behaviours are crucial to studies on modern membrane physiology. Currently, observation of microdomains is mostly based on the detection of specific raft-resident constituents using artificial cross-link fluorescent probes.

Identification of stress-responsive genes in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus using ESTs generated from cold- and drought-stressed seedlings.

Background: Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is the only evergreen broadleaf shrub in the northwest desert of China, which can survive long-term aridity and extremely cold environments. In order to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying stress tolerance and adaptation to unfavorable environments of woody plants, an EST approach was used to investigate expression patterns of A. mongolicus in response to abiotic stresses.