Study on nonlinear constitutive model of skin under compression load over a wide range of strain rates.

Purpose: In wound ballistics, skin has obvious blocking effect in the biological target penetration of projectiles. An analytical description of skin mechanical properties under compression can set the basis for the numerical simulation and the evaluation of blocking effect.

Methods: In this study, an improved three-parameter solid visco-elastic model was proposed to describe the skin creep phenomenon.

The Effect of Electroacupuncture on PKMzeta in the ACC in Regulating Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Rats Experiencing Chronic Inflammatory Pain.

Chronic inflammatory pain can induce emotional diseases. Electroacupuncture (EA) has effects on chronic pain and pain-related anxiety. Protein kinase Mzeta (PKMzeta) has been proposed to be essential for the maintenance of pain and may interact with GluR1 to maintain CNS plasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC).

Self-healing catalysts: Co(3)O(4) nanorods for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

We combine kinetic and spectroscopic data to demonstrate the concept of a self-healing catalyst, which effectively eliminates the need for catalyst regeneration. The observed self-healing is triggered by controlling the crystallographic orientation at the catalyst surface.

One-step production of long-chain hydrocarbons from waste-biomass-derived chemicals using bi-functional heterogeneous catalysts.

In this study, we demonstrate the production of long-chain hydrocarbons (C8+) from 2-methylfuran (2MF) and butanal in a single step reactive process by utilizing a bi-functional catalyst with both acid and metallic sites. Our approach utilizes a solid acid for the hydroalkylation function and as a support as well as a transition metal as hydrodeoxygenation catalyst. A series of solid acids was screened, among which MCM-41 demonstrated the best combination of activity and stability.

Water-gas shift reaction on metal nanoclusters encapsulated in mesoporous ceria studied with ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Metal nanoclusters (Au, Pt, Pd, Cu) encapsulated in channels of mesoporous ceria (mp-CeO(2)) were synthesized. The activation energies of water-gas shift (WGS) reaction performed at oxide-metal interfaces of metal nanoclusters encapsulated in mp-CeO(2) (M@mp-CeO(2)) are lower than those of metal nanoclusters impregnated on ceria nanorods (M/rod-CeO(2)). In situ studies using ambient-pressure XPS (AP-XPS) suggested that the surface chemistry of the internal concave surface of CeO(2) pores of M@mp-CeO(2) is different from that of external surfaces of CeO(2) of M/rod-CeO(2) under reaction conditions.

Strategy to eliminate catalyst hot-spots in the partial oxidation of methane: enhancing its activity for direct hydrogen production by reducing the reactivity of lattice oxygen.

Hydrogen can be produced over Er(2)O(3) in methane oxidation (oxygen/methane = 26). The reactivity of lattice oxygen in the catalyst plays a main role in the conversion of surface hydroxyl species to hydrogen or water. Adding a rare earth element into a catalyst can reduce the reactivity of lattice oxygen, resulting in increased hydrogen production, to eliminate catalyst hot-spots.