No detectable loss of myonuclei from human muscle fibers after 6 wk of immobilization following an Achilles tendon rupture.

Muscle disuse has rapid and debilitating effects on muscle mass and overall health, making it an important issue from both scientific and clinical perspectives. However, the myocellular adaptations to muscle disuse are not yet fully understood, particularly those related to the myonuclear permanence hypothesis. Therefore, in this study, we assessed fiber size, number of myonuclei, satellite cells, and capillaries in human gastrocnemius muscle after a period of immobilization following an Achilles tendon rupture.

Muscle memory in humans: evidence for myonuclear permanence and long-term transcriptional regulation after strength training.

The objective of this work was to investigate myonuclear permanence and transcriptional regulation as mechanisms for cellular muscle memory after strength training in humans. Twelve untrained men and women performed 10 weeks of unilateral elbow-flexor strength training followed by 16 weeks of de-training. Thereafter, 10 weeks' re-training was conducted with both arms: the previously trained arm and the contralateral untrained control arm.

Digitising diabetes education for a safer Ramadan: Design, delivery, and evaluation of massive open online courses in Ramadan-focused diabetes education.

Aims: Ramadan-focused diabetes education is critical to facilitate safer Ramadan fasting amongst Muslim people living with diabetes. We present the design, delivery, and evaluation of two parallel massive open online courses (MOOCs) in Ramadan-focused diabetes education for people with diabetes and HCPs.

Methods: Two Ramadan-focused diabetes education MOOCs were developed and delivered for Ramadan 2023: one for HCPs in English, and another for people with diabetes in English, Arabic and Malay.

Effects of a 10-d Military Field Exercise on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Muscle Cells in Men and Women.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a demanding military field exercise on physical performance, body composition, and muscle cellular outcomes in men and women.

Methods: Ten men (20.5 ± 0.

Medical student interest and participation in research at one rural clinical school: Insights from the last six years.

Introduction: Limited evidence is currently available relating to research acitivity of medical students training in regional or rural areas.

Objective: To describe medical student interest and participation in research at The University of Queensland Rural Clinical School (UQRCS).

Design: Annual student expression of interest surveys were collated with records of student research participation maintained at UQRCS from 2017-2022.

Comparing the effects of variable and traditional resistance training on maximal strength and muscle power in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to aggregate different effects between variable resistance training and traditional resistance training on maximal muscle strength and muscle power and identify potential sex- and training program-related moderator variables.

Design: Meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and Web of Science.

Ballistic strength training in adults with cerebral palsy may increase rate of force development in plantar flexors, but transition to walking remains unclear: a case series.

Background: Persons with cerebral palsy (CP) walk with reduced ankle plantar flexor power compared to typically developing. In this study, we investigated whether a ballistic strength-training programme targeting ankle plantar flexors could improve muscle strength, muscle architecture and walking function in adults with CP.

Methods: Eight adults (mildly affected CP) underwent eight weeks of ballistic strength training, with two sessions per week.

A randomized trial on the efficacy of split-body versus full-body resistance training in non-resistance trained women.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a 12-week upper/lower split- versus a full-body resistance training program on maximal strength, muscle mass and explosive characteristics. Fifty resistance untrained women were pair-matched according to baseline strength and randomized to either a full-body (FB) routine that trained all of the major muscle groups in one session twice per week, or a split-body program (SPLIT) that performed 4 weekly sessions (2 upper body and 2 lower body). Both groups performed the same exercises and weekly number of sets and repetitions.

Methods of Detecting Medication Administration Point-of-Care Errors in Acute Adult Inpatient Settings: A Scoping Review Protocol.

Medication administration is recognized as a risk-prone activity where errors and near misses have multiple opportunities to occur along the route from manufacturing, through transportation, storage, prescription, dispensing, point-of-care administration, and post-administration documentation. While substantial research, education, and tools have been invested in the detection of medication errors on either side of point-of-care administration, less attention has been placed on this finite phase, leaving a gap in the error detection process. This protocol proposes to undertake a scoping review of the literature related to the detection of medication errors at the point-of-care to understand the potential size, nature, and extent of available literature.

Biomarkers of systemic inflammation predict survival with first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Pembrolizumab is an established first-line option for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) expressing programmed death-ligand 1 ≥50%. Durable responses are seen in a subset of patients; however, many derive little clinical benefit. Biomarkers of the systemic inflammatory response predict survival in NSCLC.

Muscular heat shock protein response and muscle damage after semi-professional football match.

Purpose: A typical football match leads to neuromuscular fatigue and physical performance impairments up to 72-96 h post-match. While muscle damage is thought to be a major factor, damage on the ultrastructural level has never been documented. The purpose of this study was to investigate post-match cellular muscle damage by quantifying the heat shock protein (HSP) response as a proxy for protein damage.

The Effects of Trunk Muscle Training on Physical Fitness and Sport-Specific Performance in Young and Adult Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The role of trunk muscle training (TMT) for physical fitness (e.g., muscle power) and sport-specific performance measures (e.

Can adults with cerebral palsy perform and benefit from ballistic strength training to improve walking outcomes? A mixed methods feasibility study.

Background: Power bursts of hips and ankle plantar flexors are prerequisites to walking propulsion. However, these power bursts are reduced during gait for persons with cerebral palsy (CP) and mainly in the ankle plantar flexors. Hence, task specific training, such as ballistic strength training, is suggested to increase muscle power in walking but not investigated in adults with CP.

Hypoalbuminaemia as a Prognostic Biomarker of First-Line Treatment Resistance in Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Despite significant advances in systemic anticancer therapy (SACT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), many patients still fail to respond to treatment or develop treatment resistance. Albumin, a biomarker of systemic inflammation and malnutrition, predicts survival in many cancers. We evaluated the prognostic significance of albumin in patients receiving first-line targeted therapy or immunotherapy-based SACT for metastatic NSCLC.

The Effect of Grip Width on Muscle Strength and Electromyographic Activity in Bench Press among Novice- and Resistance-Trained Men.

Background: This study compared the muscle activity and six repetition maximum (6-RM) loads in bench press with narrow, medium, and wide grip widths with sub-group comparisons of resistance-trained (RT) and novice-trained (NT) men.

Methods: After two familiarization sessions, twenty-eight subjects lifted their 6-RM loads with the different grip widths with measurement of electromyographic activity.

Results: Biceps brachii activity increased with increasing grip width, whereas wide grip displayed lower triceps brachii activation than medium and narrow.

The Role of Trunk Training for Physical Fitness and Sport-Specific Performance. Protocol for a Meta-Analysis.

The trunk (core) muscles are involved in daily functions (i. e., stabilizing the body in everyday tasks) and force generation of the limbs during athletic tasks such as kicking, throwing, or running.

Comparison of Muscle Activity in Three Single-Joint, Hip Extension Exercises in Resistance-Trained Women.

The aim of the study was to compare neuromuscular activation in the gluteus maximus, the biceps femoris and the erector spinae from the Romanian deadlift, the 45-degree Roman chair back extension and the seated machine back extension. Fifteen resistance-trained females performed three repetitions with 6-RM loading in all exercises in a randomized and counterbalanced order. The activation in the whole movement as well as its lower and upper parts were analyzed.

Muscular HSP70 content is higher in elderly compared to young, but is normalized after 12 weeks of strength training.

Purpose: Aging is associated with increased myocellular stress and loss of muscle mass and function. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are upregulated during periods of stress as part of the cells protective system. Exercise can affect both acute HSP regulation and when repeated regularly counteract unhealthy age-related changes in the muscle.

Bioelectrical Impedance Versus Biochemical Analysis of Hydration Status: Predictive Value for Prolonged Hospitalisation and Poor Discharge Destination for Older Patients.

Dehydration is prevalent in hospitalised patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly among the elderly (≥65 years). We aimed at comparing the performance of intracellular water to extracellular water ratio (ICW/ECW), calculated through a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of blood urea nitrogen, with the creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) to predict poor outcomes in a cohort of prospectively identified patients. Data were combined from a cohort of elderly patients (≥65 years) admitted to hospital with fragility fracture ( = 125) and older adults aged ≥50 years admitted to hospital with stroke ( = 40).

Massive open online course for type 2 diabetes self-management: adapting education in the COVID-19 era.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes self-management education is an essential component of type 2 diabetes care that is traditionally delivered in a face-to-face setting. In response to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, innovative solutions are urgently needed, allowing provision of self-management education that can be delivered in compliance with social distancing policies. Innovations that are self-service and can deliver education efficiently at low cost are particularly appealing to healthcare providers and commissioners.

Acute Effects of Elastic Bands as Resistance or Assistance on EMG, Kinetics, and Kinematics During Deadlift in Resistance-Trained Men.

The aim of the study was to compare neuromuscular activation, kinetics and kinematics in three variations of the deadlift: (1) free weights, (2) free weights with elastic bands as resistance (bands anchored to the ground) and (3) free weights with elastic bands as assistance (bands attached above the bar). Sixteen resistance-trained men performed one repetition of the three variations as fast as possible using a 2-repetition maximum load in randomized and counterbalanced order. Muscle activation (gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, erector spinae, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis), kinematics (average-, peak-, and time to peak velocity), and kinetics (average-, peak,-and time to peak force) were measured during the ascending movement.