A Multicomponent Microneedle Patch for the Delivery of Meloxicam for Veterinary Applications.

This study evaluates the use of poly(vinyl alcohol), collagen, and chitosan blends for developing a microneedle patch for the delivery of meloxicam (MEL). Results confirm successful MEL encapsulation, structural integrity, and chemical stability even after ethylene oxide sterilization. Mechanical testing indicates the patch has the required properties for effective skin penetration and drug delivery, as demonstrated by load-displacement curves showing successful penetration of pig ear surfaces at 3N of normal load.

Efficacy and immunogenicity following dengue virus-1 human challenge after a tetravalent prime-boost dengue vaccine regimen: an open-label, phase 1 trial.

Background: Dengue human infection models (DHIMs) are important tools to down-select dengue vaccine candidates and establish tetravalent efficacy before advanced clinical field trials. We aimed to provide data for the safety and immunogenicity of DHIM and evaluate dengue vaccine efficacy.

Methods: We performed an open-label, phase 1 trial at the University of Maryland (Baltimore, MD, USA).

CLIPB4 Is a Central Node in the Protease Network that Regulates Humoral Immunity in Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes.

Insect humoral immune responses are regulated in part by protease cascades, whose components circulate as zymogens in the hemolymph. In mosquitoes, these cascades consist of clip-domain serine proteases (cSPs) and/or their non-catalytic homologs, which form a complex network, whose molecular make-up is not fully understood. Using a systems biology approach, based on a co-expression network of gene family members that function in melanization and co-immunoprecipitation using the serine protease inhibitor (SRPN)2, a key negative regulator of the melanization response in mosquitoes, we identify the cSP CLIPB4 from the African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae as a central node in this protease network.

CLIPB4 is a central node in the protease network that regulates humoral immunity in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes.

Insect humoral immune responses are regulated in part by protease cascades, whose components circulate as zymogens in the hemolymph. In mosquitoes, these cascades consist of clip domain serine proteases (cSPs) and/or their non-catalytic homologs (cSPHs), which form a complex network, whose molecular make-up is not fully understood. Using a systems biology approach, based on a co-expression network of gene family members that function in melanization and co-immunoprecipitation using the serine protease inhibitor (SRPN)2, a key negative regulator of the melanization response in mosquitoes, we identify the cSP CLIPB4 from the African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae as a central node in this protease network.

Clinical recommendations to address dermatologic healthcare disparities in sexual and gender minority patients: a review.

Background: In the United States, an estimated 4.5% of the population identifies as a sexual or gender minority (SGM). Efforts are underway to address this population's healthcare disparities.

Optical biosensing of markers of mucosal inflammation.

We report the design and adaptation of iron/iron oxide nanoparticle-based optical nanobiosensors for enzymes or cytokine/chemokines that are established biomarkers of lung diseases. These biomarkers comprise ADAM33, granzyme B, MMP-8, neutrophil elastase, arginase, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 and interleukin-6. The synthesis of nanobiosensors for these seven biomarkers, their calibration with commercially available enzymes and cytokines/chemokines, as well as their validation using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) obtained from a mouse model of TLR3-mediated inflammation are discussed here.

Increased activation product of complement 4 protein in plasma of individuals with schizophrenia.

Structural variation in the complement 4 gene (C4) confers genetic risk for schizophrenia. The variation includes numbers of the increased C4A copy number, which predicts increased C4A mRNA expression. C4-anaphylatoxin (C4-ana) is a C4 protein fragment released upon C4 protein activation that has the potential to change the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Hot topics in interventional cardiology: Proceedings from the society for cardiovascular angiography and interventions (SCAI) 2021 think tank.

The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) Think Tank is a collaborative venture that brings together interventional cardiologists, administrative partners, and select members of the cardiovascular industry community annually for high-level field-wide discussions. The 2021 Think Tank was organized into four parallel sessions reflective of the field of interventional cardiology: (a) coronary intervention, (b) endovascular medicine, (c) structural heart disease, and (d) congenital heart disease. Each session was moderated by a senior content expert and co-moderated by a member of SCAI's Emerging Leader Mentorship program.

Cryptogenic new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) following blood transfusion in a patient with severe anemia.

New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a rare neurological emergency in which a patient without prior seizure disorder develops seemingly unprovoked status epilepticus refractory to treatment. We report the case of a middle-aged woman who developed NORSE after receiving multiple blood transfusions for subacute blood loss anemia secondary to menorrhagia. Although the mechanism is unclear, we propose that sudden changes in blood viscosity and vasogenic tone resulted in cortical edema and irritation.

Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio Predicts Malignant Edema and Functional Outcome in Large-Vessel Occlusive Stroke with Poor Revascularization.

Background And Objective: Malignant cerebral edema (MCE) is a well-known complication in patients with acute ischemic stroke with core infarcts ≥ 80 mL caused by large-vessel occlusions. MCE can also develop in patients with smaller infarcts with moderate -to-large volume of tissue at risk who do not achieve successful revascularization with endovascular thrombectomy (ET). Features that predict the development of MCE in this population are not well-described.

Measuring stimulation and inhibition of intracellular nitric oxide production in SIM-A9 microglia using microfluidic single-cell analysis.

Chronic neuroinflammation has long been considered to be a central factor in accelerating the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's diseases, Parkinson's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Under pathological conditions microglia produce inflammatory signaling molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO), that can damage DNA and proteins and ultimately induce neuronal apoptosis. One strategy for treating neurodegenerative diseases is to specifically target NO production through inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).

Reduction in drinking water arsenic exposure and health risk through arsenic treatment among private well households in Maine and New Jersey, USA.

Over 2 million mostly rural Americans are at risk of drinking water from private wells that contain arsenic (As) exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 10 micrograms per liter (μg/L).

Tilt-Corrected Region Boundaries May Enhance the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score for Less Experienced Raters.

Background: The Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) is widely used to quantify early ischemic changes in the anterior circulation but has limited inter-rater reliability.

Aims: We investigated whether application of 3-dimensional boundaries outlining the ASPECTS regions improves inter-rater reliability and accuracy.

Methods: We included all patients from our DEFUSE 2 database who had a pretreatment noncontrast computed tomography scan (NCCT) of acceptable quality.

A Low-Barrier and Comprehensive Community-Based Harm-Reduction Site in Vancouver, Canada.

"The Molson" is a low-barrier, peer-staffed, supervised consumption site located in Vancouver, Canada. In addition to overdose response, this site offers drug checking and a colocated injectable hydromorphone treatment program, and it distributes tablet and liquid hydromorphone to service users at high risk of overdose. Our evaluation suggests benefits of this program in creating service continuums and preventing overdose deaths.

Neutron Total Scattering Studies of Group II Titanates (ATiO, A = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba).

Neutron total scattering measurements were conducted on MgTiO, CaTiO, SrTiO, and BaTiO to simultaneously investigate the local and average structure of these materials. The local structures of MgTiO, CaTiO, and SrTiO were well modelled using the refined average structural models: trigonal R[Formula: see text], orthorhombic Pbnm, and cubic Pm[Formula: see text]m respectively. However the local structure for BaTiO, at both temperatures where the average structure is orthorhombic Amm2 and tetragonal P4mm, was best described by the rhombohedral R3m model.

Microelectrophoretic single-cell measurements with microfluidic devices.

Here we describe in detail the design, fabrication and operation of our automated high-throughput single cell microchip electrophoresis device with laser induced fluorescence detection. Our device features on-board integrated peristaltic pumps that generate flow directly within the microfluidic channels. Additionally, we have incorporated an optical fiber bridge that enables simultaneous fluorescence detection at two points of interest within the device without the need for additional optical components or detectors.

Fabrication of Glass Microfluidic Devices.

This chapter provides step-by-step procedures for the fabrication of glass-based microfluidic devices. These procedures include device design, photomask generation, photolithography, channel etching, and high-temperature bonding.

Early detection of pancreatic cancers in liquid biopsies by ultrasensitive fluorescence nanobiosensors.

Numerous proteases, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cathepsins (CTS), and urokinase plasminogen activator (UpA), are dysfunctional (that is, over- or under-expressed) in solid tumors, when compared to healthy human subjects. This offers the opportunity to detect early tumors by liquid biopsies. This approach is of particular advantage for the early detection of pancreatic cancer, which is a "silent killer".