GmSTOP1-3 Increases Soybean Manganese Accumulation Under Phosphorus Deficiency by Regulating GmMATE2/13 and GmZIP6/GmIREG3.

Mineral nutrient deficiencies and metal ion toxicities coexist on acid soils. Phosphorus (P) deficiency in plants is generally accompanied with significant levels of leaf manganese (Mn) accumulation. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underpinning remain unclear.

GmSTOP1-3 regulates flavonoid synthesis to reduce ROS accumulation and enhance aluminum tolerance in soybean.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a significant limiting factor for crop production in acid soils. The functions and regulatory mechanisms of transcription factor STOP1 (Sensitive to Proton Rhizotoxicity 1) family genes in Al-tolerance have been widely studied in many plant species, except for soybean. Here, expression of GmSTOP1-3 was significantly enhanced by Al stress in soybean roots.

Crystal structure and function of a phosphate starvation responsive protein phosphatase, GmHAD1-2 regulating soybean root development and flavonoid metabolism.

Phosphate (Pi) availability is well known to regulate plant root growth. However, it remains largely unknown how flavonoid synthesis participates in affecting plant root growth in response to Pi starvation. In the study, the crystal structure of a plant protein phosphatase, GmHAD1-2, was dissected using X-ray crystallography for the first time.

The Phosphorus-Iron Nexus: Decoding the Nutrients Interaction in Soil and Plant.

Phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) are two essential mineral nutrients in plant growth. It is widely observed that interactions of P and Fe could influence their availability in soils and affect their homeostasis in plants, which has received significant attention in recent years. This review presents a summary of latest advances in the activation of insoluble Fe-P complexes by soil properties, microorganisms, and plants.

Bacillus suppresses nitrogen efficiency of soybean-rhizobium symbiosis through regulation of nitrogen-related transcriptional and microbial patterns.

The regulation of legume-rhizobia symbiosis by microorganisms has obtained considerable interest in recent research, particularly in the common rhizobacteria Bacillus. However, few studies have provided detailed explanations regarding the regulatory mechanisms involved. Here, we investigated the effects of Bacillus (Bac.

The Stylo Cysteine-Rich Peptide Is Involved in Aluminum Tolerance through Enhancing Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging.

Stylo ( spp.) is an important pasture legume with strong aluminum (Al) resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its Al tolerance remain fragmentary.

Arabidopsis transcription factor WRKY45 confers cadmium tolerance via activating PCS1 and PCS2 expression.

Cadmium (Cd) has long been recognized as toxic pollutant to crops worldwide. The biosynthesis of glutathione-dependent phytochelatin (PC) plays crucial roles in the detoxification of Cd in plants. However, its regulatory mechanism remains elusive.

Impaired glycosylation of GmPAP15a, a root-associated purple acid phosphatase, inhibits extracellular phytate-P utilization in soybean.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient, but easily fixed in soils. Therefore, most of soil P exists in the form of inaccessible organic phosphorus (Po), particularly phytate-P. Root-associated purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) are considered to play a crucial role in phosphate (Pi) scavenging in soils.

Proton exudation mediated by GmVP2 has widespread effects on plant growth, remobilization of soil phosphorus, and the structure of the rhizosphere microbial community.

Increased root secretion of H+ is a known strategy in plant adaption to low phosphorus (P) stress as it enhances mobilization of sparingly soluble P sources in the soil. However, our knowledge of the full effects induced by this enhanced acidification of the rhizosphere remains incomplete. In this study we found that P deficiency increased the net H+ flux rate from soybean (Glycine max) roots.

Advances in Plant Lipid Metabolism Responses to Phosphate Scarcity.

Low phosphate (Pi) availability in soils severely limits crop growth and production. Plants have evolved to have numerous physiological and molecular adaptive mechanisms to cope with Pi starvation. The release of Pi from membrane phospholipids is considered to improve plant phosphorus (P) utilization efficiency in response to Pi starvation and accompanies membrane lipid remodeling.

A Berberine Bridge Enzyme-Like Protein, , Confers Soybean's Coordinated Adaptation to Aluminum Toxicity and Phosphorus Deficiency.

Phosphorus (P) deficiency and aluminum (Al) toxicity often coexist and are two major limiting factors for crop production in acid soils. The purpose of this study was to characterize the function of , a berberine bridge enzyme-like protein-encoding gene, in soybean () adaptation to Al and low P stresses. Present quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays confirmed the phosphate (Pi)-starvation enhanced and Al-stress up-regulated expression pattern of in soybean roots.

Mechanisms Underlying Soybean Response to Phosphorus Deficiency through Integration of Omics Analysis.

Low phosphorus (P) availability limits soybean growth and yield. A set of potential strategies for plant responses to P deficiency have been elucidated in the past decades, especially in model plants such as and rice (). Recently, substantial efforts focus on the mechanisms underlying P deficiency improvement in legume crops, especially in soybeans ().

Proteomic Analysis Dissects Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Plant Responses to Phosphorus Deficiency.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plant growth. In recent decades, the application of phosphate (Pi) fertilizers has contributed to significant increases in crop yields all over the world. However, low efficiency of P utilization in crops leads to intensive application of Pi fertilizers, which consequently stimulates environmental pollution and exhaustion of P mineral resources.

Functional Characterization of Aluminum (Al)-Responsive Membrane-Bound NAC Transcription Factors in Soybean Roots.

The membrane-bound NAC transcription (NTL) factors have been demonstrated to participate in the regulation of plant development and the responses to multiple environmental stresses. This study is aimed to functionally characterize soybean NTL transcription factors in response to Al-toxicity, which is largely uncharacterized. The qRT-PCR assays in the present study found that thirteen out of fifteen genes in the soybean genome were up-regulated by Al toxicity.

Phosphate (Pi) Starvation Up-Regulated / Participates in Anthocyanin Synthesis in Soybean () Dependent on Pi Availability.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Among adaptive strategies of plants to P deficiency, increased anthocyanin accumulation is widely observed in plants, which is tightly regulated by a set of genes at transcription levels. However, it remains unclear whether other key regulators might control anthocyanin synthesis through protein modification under P-deficient conditions.

Phosphate starvation responsive GmSPX5 mediates nodule growth through interaction with GmNF-YC4 in soybean (Glycine max).

Phosphorus (P) deficiency adversely affects nodule development as reflected by reduced nodule fresh weight in legume plants. Though mechanisms underlying nodule adaptation to P deficiency have been studied extensively, it remains largely unknown which regulator mediates nodule adaptation to P deficiency. In this study, GUS staining and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis reveal that the SPX member GmSPX5 is preferentially expressed in soybean (Glycine max) nodules.

Soybean responds to phosphate starvation through reversible protein phosphorylation.

Phosphorus (P) deficiency is considered as a major constraint on crop production. Although a set of adaptative strategies are extensively suggested in soybean (Glycine max) to phosphate (Pi) deprivation, molecular mechanisms underlying reversible protein phosphorylation in soybean responses to P deficiency remains largely unclear. In this study, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation, combined with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry analysis was performed to identify differential phosphoproteins in soybean roots under Pi sufficient and deficient conditions.

Complex gene regulation between young and old soybean leaves in responses to manganese toxicity.

Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth. However, excess manganese is toxic and inhibits crop production. Although it is widely known that physiological and molecular mechanisms underlie plant responses to Mn toxicity, few studies have been conducted to compare Mn tolerance capabilities between young and old leaves in plants; thus, the mechanisms underlying Mn tolerance in different plant tissues or organs are not fully understood.

Characterization of Purple Acid Phosphatase Family and Functional Analysis of / Involved in Extracellular ATP Utilization in Soybean.

Low phosphate (Pi) availability limits crop growth and yield in acid soils. Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (), an important legume crop. In this study, dynamic changes in intracellular (leaf and root) and root-associated APase activities were investigated under both Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions.

An exclusion mechanism is epistatic to an internal detoxification mechanism in aluminum resistance in Arabidopsis.

Background: In Arabidopsis, the aluminum (Al) exclusion mechanism is mainly facilitated by ALMT1-mediated malate exudation and MATE-mediated citrate releases from the root. Recently, we have demonstrated that coordinated functioning between an ALMT1-mediated Al exclusion mechanism, via exudation of malate from the root tip, and a NIP1;2-facilitated internal detoxification mechanism, via removal of Al from the root cell wall and subsequent root-to-shoot Al translocation, plays critical roles in achieving overall Al resistance. However, the genetic relationship between ALMT1 and NIP1;2 in these processes remained unclear.

Cell Wall Proteins Play Critical Roles in Plant Adaptation to Phosphorus Deficiency.

Phosphorus is one of the mineral nutrient elements essential for plant growth and development. Low phosphate (Pi) availability in soils adversely affects crop production. To cope with low P stress, remodeling of root morphology and architecture is generally observed in plants, which must be accompanied by root cell wall modifications.

Complex Gene Regulation Underlying Mineral Nutrient Homeostasis in Soybean Root Response to Acidity Stress.

Proton toxicity is one of the major environmental stresses limiting crop production and becomes increasingly serious because of anthropogenic activities. To understand acid tolerance mechanisms, the plant growth, mineral nutrients accumulation, and global transcriptome changes in soybean () in response to long-term acidity stress were investigated. Results showed that acidity stress significantly inhibited soybean root growth but exhibited slight effects on the shoot growth.