Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Oil Palm Shell Reinforced Rubber Composites.

This paper presents a pioneering effort to ascertain the suitability of hyperelastic modelling in simulating the stress-strain response of oil palm shell reinforced rubber (ROPS) composites. ROPS composites with different oil palm shell contents (0%, 5%, 10% and 20% by volume) were cast in the laboratory for the experimental investigation. ROPS specimens with circular, square, hexagon, and octagon shapes (loading surface) were considered to evaluate the accuracy of finite element simulation considering the shape effect of composites.