Phenotypes of peripheral CD4 T helper cell subsets in pregnant women with HBeAg-negative chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide, and mother-to-child transmission is the key mode of HBV infection. CD4 T helper (Th) cells play a critical role in the immune microenvironment of specific maternal tolerance to the foetus during pregnancy. However, the roles of Th cell subsets in pregnant women (PW) with chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers (ASCs) remain completely unclear.

Immune Checkpoint Molecules Expressed on CD4 T Cell Subsets in Chronic Asymptomatic Hepatitis B Virus Carriers With Hepatitis B e Antigen-Negative.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health problem worldwide. Immune checkpoint molecules expressed on CD4 T cells play critical roles in chronic HBV infection. However, their roles in chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers (ASCs) with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative remain unclear.

Prognostic Value of Serum Exosomal AHCY Expression in Hepatitis B-Induced Liver Cirrhosis.

We aimed to investigate serum exosomal adenosylhomocysteinase (AHCY) expression in hepatitis B-induced liver cirrhosis (HBV-LC) patients and to determine the prognostic value of serum exosomal AHCY. We collected serum samples from 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and from 114 HBV-LC patients to test serum exosomal AHCY expression using ELISA. Compared with the CHB and Grade A and B HBV-LC groups, the level of exosomal AHCY expression was significantly higher in the HBV-LC group [376.

Efficacy and Safety of Treatments for Patients With Portal Hypertension and Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

Viral hepatitis are one of the main causes of liver cirrhosis. The treatment of portal hypertension caused by liver cirrhosis is difficult and diverse, and the therapeutic effect is unknown. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of treatments for patients with portal hypertension and cirrhosis, including a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), endoscopic therapy, surgical therapy and medications.

C-Reactive Protein Is an Independent Predictor of 30-Day Bacterial Infection Post-Liver Transplantation.

The relationship between aseptic systemic inflammation and postoperative bacterial infection is unclear. We investigated the correlation of systemic inflammation biomarkers with 30-day clinically significant bacterial infections (CSI) after liver transplantation (LT). This retrospective study enrolled 940 patients who received LT and were followed for 30 days.

Mesenchymal stromal cell-dependent immunoregulation in chemically-induced acute liver failure.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI), which refers to liver damage caused by a drug or its metabolites, has emerged as an important cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in recent years. Chemically-induced ALF in animal models mimics the pathology of DILI in humans; thus, these models are used to study the mechanism of potentially effective treatment strategies. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties, and they alleviate acute liver injury and decrease the mortality of animals with chemically-induced ALF.

Increased Expressions of OX40 and OX40 Ligand in Patients with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Background: OX40, which is also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4), and its ligand (OX40L) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), a hemorrhagic autoimmune disorder, is characterized by low platelet counts that are predominantly caused by antiplatelet autoantibodies. In this study, we firstly investigated the clinical significance of OX40 and OX40L expression in the pathogenesis of ITP in patients.