The Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Population.

Background: Solute carrier family 22 member 3 () gene had been reported to be associated with the efficacy of metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, few studies reported the relationship between polymorphism and T2DM. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of polymorphism and susceptibility to T2DM in Chinese population.

The Effect of Pretreatment Potential Resistance to NNRTIs on Antiviral Therapy in Patients With HIV/AIDS.

Background: With the increasing coverage of antiretroviral therapy, concerns for the emergence and transmission of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) are arising. HIVDR was divided into 5 levels: sensitive, potentially resistant, low resistant, intermediate resistant, and high resistant. Most of the articles on HIVDR involved low-level, intermediate-level, and high-level drug resistance to antiretroviral drug, and few articles deal with potential drug resistance.

Prevalence of transmitted drug resistance among ART-naïve HIV-infected individuals, Beijing, 2015-2018.

Objectives: Transmitted drug resistance (TDR) is a critical ongoing public health challenge in HIV/AIDS therapy. We explore the prevalence of TDR, its patterns, its associated risk factors, and predicted drug sensitivity in Beijing between 2015 and 2018.

Methods: Retrospective data on TDR from 3265 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients were collected at Beijing Ditan Hospital from 1 August 2014 to 31 July 2018.

A novel prediction model to evaluate the probability of CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio restoration in HIV-infected individuals.

Background: Our study aimed to develop a clinical prediction model to evaluate the possibility of CD4+/CD8+ ratio restoration in HIV-positive individuals.

Methods: About 1980, HIV/AIDS patients initiated with antiretroviral treatment from 1 January 2013, to 30 December 2016, at Beijing Ditan Hospital and achieved persistent virological suppression during the 4 years follow-up were included in this study. Multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors and establish a predictive model.

Altered T-Cell Subsets are Associated with Dysregulated Cytokine Secretion of CD4 T Cells During HIV Infection.

Background: CD4 T cells play a critical role in the regulation of immunopathogenesis in HIV infection. Previous studies have shown contradictory results of the CD4 T-cell responses in people living with HIV (PLHIV).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 40 healthy controls, 134 ART-naïve PLHIV, and 34 individuals who experienced 3-year ART with low baseline CD4 count from 4 August 2016 to 23 January 2019.

Glucose metabolism-related gene polymorphisms as the risk predictors of type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex polygenic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose. Multiple environmental and genetic factors can increase the risk of T2DM and its complications, and genetic polymorphisms are no exception. This review is mainly focused on the related genes involved in glucose metabolic, including G6PC2, GCK, GCKR and OCT3.

Prevalence and risk factors for bone mineral density changes in antiretroviral therapy-naive human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults: a Chinese cohort study.

Background: Studies have reported that low bone mineral density (BMD) is prevalent in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients; however, the factors that contribute to HIV-related BMD changes are yet to be fully understood. Due to the application of dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) among a select group of hospitals only, the prevalence and risk factors of low BMD in HIV-infected populations have not been intensively investigated in China. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with BMD changes among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive HIV-positive patients in China.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cytopenia in HIV-Infected Patients before and after the Initiation of HAART.

Background: Cytopenia is a frequent hematological disorder in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, the distribution and risk factors of cytopenia in patients starting highly active anti-retrovirus treatment (HAART) and the effect of HAART on cytopenia were not fully investigated.

Methods: From November 2004 to August 2016, a retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of cytopenia in 4325 HAART-naïve patients.

SREBP1 as a potential biomarker predicts levothyroxine efficacy of differentiated thyroid cancer.

Background: SREBP1 is a well-known transcript factor regulating lipogenesis. It has been reported to play an important role in tumor progress in recent years. However, the roles of SREBP1 in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are uncertain.

LncRNAs SNHG12 and LINC00152 were associated with progression of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

To investigate the clinical roles of and in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). and expression was sought and analysis in gene expression omnibus, The Cancer Genome Atlas and GEPIA datasets. Tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 97 PTC and 44 benign thyroid nodules patients.

Down-regulation of DANCR acts as a potential biomarker for papillary thyroid cancer diagnosis.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be dysregulated and play a crucial role in the progression of cancer. LncRNA DANCR has recently been revealed to be involved in tumorigenesis of numerous types of cancer, including osteosarcoma, gastric cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer. However, the expression profiles and biological relevance of DANCR in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) have not yet been reported.

Down-Regulation of APTR and it's Diagnostic Value in Papillary and Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

APTR has been employed as a potential biomarker attributing to it was involved in carcinogenesis and malignancy's progression. However, the roles of APTR in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) are unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore the relative expression of APTR in PTC and ATC tissues and the relation between APTR expression and PTC clinicopathological features.

Identification and validation of potential target genes in papillary thyroid cancer.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common endocrine malignancies, and the incidence of TC has almost tripled over the past three decades. This increase may partially own to overdiagnosis and approximately 15-30% of cytological indeterminate thyroid nodules cannot be evaluated by means of fine-needle aspiration. The present study aimed to identify potential crucial genes of PTC and provide new sights into improving the diagnosis of thyroid lesions for future study.

Genetic polymorphism contributes to I radiotherapy-induced toxicities in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Aim: To investigate the association between SNPs in DNA damage response pathways and toxicities following I radiotherapy of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Materials & methods: We identified 22 functional SNPs of genes in DNA damage response pathways. MassArray was used to sequence SNP genotypes in 203 DTC patients.

Upregulation of long noncoding RNA MALAT1 in papillary thyroid cancer and its diagnostic value.

Aim: To investigate the expression level of lncRNA MALAT1 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and evaluate its clinical diagnostic value as a biomarker in PTC.

Methods: MALAT1 lncRNA expression in tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. The diagnostic value of MALAT1 as a biomarker in PTC was evaluated with receiver operating characteristics.

, not , is a risk factor associated with radiotherapy plus chemotherapy efficacy in glioma.

Background/aim: Repressor element silencing transcription factor () is a transcription repressor, expressed in several malignancies. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic values of and its splicing variant in glioma, and investigate the potential correlation between and .

Methods: and expression values were evaluated by qRT-PCR in 89 patients with gliomas and 10 with normal brain tissues.

P4HB and PDIA3 are associated with tumor progression and therapeutic outcome of diffuse gliomas.

Diffuse gliomas are the most common type of primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) such as P4HB and PDIA3 act as molecular chaperones for reconstructing misfolded proteins, and are involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response. The present study focused on the role of P4HB and PDIA3 in diffuse gliomas.

Molecular mechanisms and potential prognostic effects of REST and REST4 in glioma (Review).

Glioma refers to a tumor of the brain and central nervous system, which is characterized by high incidence, high mortality and high recurrence rate. Although the association between glioma and the repressor element silencing transcription factor (REST) has been reported by numerous studies, the complicated regulatory mechanisms underlying REST remain unknown. REST is a transcriptional repressor that undergoes alternative splicing to produce splicing variants when transcribed.

rs2075604 Polymorphism Is Associated with Metformin Efficacy in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Metformin is a classical oral antidiabetic drug, often recommended to be the first-choice treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Based on the previous research on and diabetes, we aimed to investigate the distributive characteristic of rs2075604 polymorphism and the potential influence of rs2075604 polymorphism on metformin efficacy among Chinese T2DM patients. There was no significant difference between T2DM patients ( = 64.

Effect of AMP-activated protein kinase subunit alpha 2 (PRKAA2) genetic polymorphisms on susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy in a Chinese population.

Background: It is well known that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key factor affecting the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2746342 in the AMPK alpha 2 subunit gene (PRKAA2) has been found to be associated with susceptibility to T2DM in the Chinese Han population. The present study further investigates the association of PRKAA2 genotypes with susceptibility to T2DM and its complication, diabetic nephropathy.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by TNF-α requires AKT/GSK-3β-mediated stabilization of snail in colorectal cancer.

Chronic inflammation-promoted metastasis has been considered as a major challenge in cancer therapy. Pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα can induce cancer invasion and metastasis associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear.

Lack of huntingtin-associated protein-1 causes neuronal death resembling hypothalamic degeneration in Huntington's disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the disease protein huntingtin. The polyglutamine expansion causes huntingtin to interact abnormally with a number of proteins. However, it is unclear whether, and how, huntingtin-associated proteins are involved in the neurodegeneration in HD.