Atomic-Scale Tailoring C-N Coupling Sites for Efficient Acetamide Electrosynthesis over Cu-Anchored Boron Nitride Nanosheets.

Electrochemical conversion of carbon and nitrogen sources into valuable chemicals provides a promising strategy for mitigating CO emissions and tackling pollutants. However, efficiently scaling up C-N products beyond basic compounds like urea remains a significant challenge. Herein, we upgrade the C-N coupling for acetamide synthesis through coreducing CO and nitrate (NO) on atomic-scale Cu dispersed on boron nitride (Cu/BN) nanosheets.

Analysis and visualization of the research progress on surgical smoke.

Background: With the advancement of medical technology, tools such as electrosurgical equipment, laser knives, and ultrasonic scalpels have made modern medical procedures more convenient and effective. However, the generation of surgical smoke during these procedures poses significant health risks to medical personnel. Despite this, only a few studies have examined the literature systematically in this area.

Serum proteins differentially expressed in gestational diabetes mellitus assessed using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation proteomics.

Background: As a well-known fact to the public, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) could bring serious risks for both pregnant women and infants. During this important investigation into the linkage between GDM patients and their altered expression in the serum, proteomics techniques were deployed to detect the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of in the serum of GDM patients to further explore its pathogenesis, and find out possible biomarkers to forecast GDM occurrence.

Aim: To investigation serum proteins differentially expressed in GDM were assessed using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomics and bioinformatics analyses.

Eco-friendly preparation and characterization of high-performance electrothermal graphene-AgNPs/lignocellulose composites.

Graphene-based (Gr-based) electrothermal heaters, due to their light weight, low electrical resistance, high thermal conductivity, and easy accessibility, have attracted widespread attention in the field of electrothermal heating. To achieve a high steady-state temperature in electrothermal heaters under low voltage, here we constructed a Gr-based film with low electrical resistance. Firstly, we employed non-toxic vitamin C to reduce silver nitrate for the chemical deposition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the Gr surface.

Dynamic Reconstruction of Two-Dimensional Defective Bi Nanosheets for Efficient Electrocatalytic Urea Synthesis.

Catalyst surface dynamics drive the generation of active species for electrocatalytic reactions. Yet, the understanding of dominant site formation and reaction mechanisms is limited. In this study, we thoroughly investigate the dynamic reconstruction of two-dimensional defective Bi nanosheets from exfoliated BiSe nanosheets under electrochemical CO and nitrate (NO ) reduction conditions.

Coupling ultrafine TiO within pyridinic-N enriched porous carbon towards high-rate and long-life sodium ion capacitors.

Coupling TiO within N-doped porous carbon (NPC) is essential for enhancing its Na storage performance. However, the role of different N configurations in NPC in improving the electrochemical performance of TiO is currently unknown. In this study, melamine is deliberately incorporated as a pore-forming agent in the self-assembly process of metal organic framework precursors (NH-MIL-125(Ti)).

Development of a Brief Cognitive Screening Tool for Predicting Postoperative Delirium in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Secondary Analysis.

Background: A simple, rapid, and effective cognitive screening test appropriate for fast-paced settings with limited resources and staff is essential, especially preoperatively. This study aimed to develop and validate the short versions of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for predicting postoperative delirium (POD) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who were scheduled for surgery.

Methods: The current study was a secondary analysis of data collected from 128 inpatients scheduled for deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nuclei (STN-DBS) lasting >60 min, at Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital, China.

Deep learning-based inverse design optimization of efficient multilayer thermal emitters in the near-infrared broad spectrum.

This study proposes a deep learning architecture for automatic modeling and optimization of multilayer thin film structures to address the need for specific spectral emitters and achieve rapid design of geometric parameters for an ideal spectral response. Multilayer film structures are ideal thermal emitter structures for thermophotovoltaic application systems because they combine the advantages of large area preparation and controllable costs. However, achieving good spectral response performance requires stacking more layers, which makes it more difficult to achieve fine spectral inverse design using forward calculation of the dimensional parameters of each layer of the structure.

How Do Expectations Modulate Pain? A Motivational Perspective.

Expectations can profoundly modulate pain experience, during which the periaqueductal gray (PAG) plays a pivotal role. In this article, we focus on motivationally evoked neural activations in cortical and brainstem regions both before and during stimulus administration, as has been demonstrated by experimental studies on pain-modulatory effects of expectations, in the hope of unraveling how the PAG is involved in descending and ascending nociceptive processes. This motivational perspective on expectancy effects on the perception of noxious stimuli sheds new light on psychological and neuronal substrates of pain and its modulation, thus having important research and clinical implications.

Protective effects of Liupao tea against high-fat diet/cold exposure-induced irritable bowel syndrome in rats.

Liupao tea as a type of dark tea can relieve irritable bowel syndrome by regulating gut microbiota, but the mechanism has not been fully explained. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography along with quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the phytochemicals in Liupao tea. Then, we explored the effects of Liupao tea against IBS.

Improvement of obesity by Liupao tea is through the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway according to network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Background: Obesity is a state of accumulating excessive body fat, charactering by a high blood lipid and associating with various metabolic diseases. As a kind of dark tea, many studies revealed that long-term drinking Liupao tea (LT) can reduce weight (Liu et al., 2014).

Detection Analysis of Perioperative Plasma and CSF Reveals Risk Biomarkers of Postoperative Delirium of Parkinson's Disease Patients Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nuclei.

Objective: This study aimed to explore possible biomarkers of postoperative delirium (POD) of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients received deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nuclei.

Materials And Methods: This nested case control study analyzed perioperative plasma and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of patients (n = 40) who developed POD undergone DBS surgery (n = 10) and those who did not (n = 30). Blood sample was collected before surgery and on the first day postoperative, CSF sample was collected at the beginning of the operation.

Association between Baseline Cognitive Score and Postoperative Delirium in Parkinson's Disease Patients following Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery.

Background: Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nuclei (STN-DBS) is a standard treatment option for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Delirium following DBS electrode implantation is common, by several studies, and cognitive impairment is a risk factor for developing postoperative delirium (POD). This prospective observational study was conducted to identify whether preoperative baseline cognitive status has an association with POD in PD patients undergoing DBS surgery.

The Effect of Propofol versus Sevoflurane on Postoperative Delirium in Parkinson's Disease Patients Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery: An Observational Study.

Background: The selection of the maintenance of general anesthesia may affect the development of postoperative delirium (POD), notably for Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, due to their lower cognitive reserve. The present study was designed to compare the potential impact of propofol vs. sevoflurane based general anesthesia maintenance methods on the development of POD in PD patients following deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery.

Stimulating the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is beneficial to reduce acrylamide-induced nerve cell damage.

Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is an important signaling molecule for cell proliferation and survival. However, the role of SphK1 in acrylamide (ACR)-induced nerve injury remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and potential mechanism of SphK1 in ACR-induced nerve injury.

Fabrication of flavour oil high internal phase emulsions by casein/pectin hybrid particles: 3D printing performance.

In this study, three-dimensional (3D) printable oil/water (O/W) high-internal-phase emulsions (HIPEs) (internal phase fraction = 75%) were fabricated using casein (3% w/v)/pectin (1-5% w/v) hybrid particles with flavour oil. The morphologies of the HIPEs, revealed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), indicated that the casein/pectin hybrid particles were mainly distributed on the interface of oil droplets. Additionally, the results of rheological and gel-strength measurements indicated that the viscosity (ranging from 1316.

Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of abalone viscera protein and its effect on the iron-chelating activity.

This study aims to investigate effects of ultrasound assisted extraction on the abalone viscera protein extraction rate and iron-chelating activity of peptides. The optimal conditions for ultrasound assisted extraction by response surface methodology was at sodium hydroxide concentration 14 g/kg, ultrasonic power 428 W and extraction time 52 min. Under the optimal conditions, protein extraction rate was 64.

Study on the mechanism of active components of Liupao tea on 3CL based on HPLC-DAD fingerprint and molecular docking technique.

Liupao tea, a drink homologous to medicine and food. It can treat dysentery, relieve heat, remove dampness, and regulate the intestines and stomach. The objective of this study is to explore the material basis and mechanism of Liupao tea intervention in COVID-19 and to provide a new prevention and treatment programme for COVID-19.

LiO-2BO coating decorated LiTiO anode for enhanced rate capability and cycling stability in lithium-ion batteries.

LiO-2BO (LBO) ionic conductor with high conductivity plays an important role in boosting the rate performance and cycling stability of LiTiO (LTO) anode for lithium-ion batteries by preventing direct exposure of LTO to the electrolyte. Herein, the effect of LBO coating layer on lithium ion (Li) storage performance is investigated in detail by adjusting the adding amount of LBO precursor dispersion. LTO coated with 2 wt% LBO achieves an optimum performance with a specific capacity of 172.

High stability of bilayer nano-emulsions fabricated by Tween 20 and specific interfacial peptides.

To ensure emulsions to be continuously stable, the hydrolysates recovered from cod bones by papain acted as a natural surfactant to synthesize high-stability bilayer nano-emulsions. As assisted by Tween 20, the average diameter of synthesized nano-emulsion with enzymatic hydrolysate could exhibit stability between 300-400 nm under a broad range of pH (4-8), temperatures (30-90 °C) and salt concentration (25-250 mM). With the addition of the hydrolysates, the rate of increase of the TBARS value in the emulsion decreased.

The interaction between sodium alginate and myofibrillar proteins: The rheological and emulsifying properties of their mixture.

The interaction between sodium alginate (SA) and turbot myofibrillar proteins (TMP) and the effects of SA concentration (0.1%-0.5%) on the rheological and emulsifying properties of the mixture at neutral pH were investigated.