The disease burden, risk factors and future predictions of Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia in Asia from 1990 to 2021.

Background: There is a lack of analysis and prediction of the disease burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADOD) in Asia.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the impact of ADOD on the Asian region during the period from 1990 to 2021.

Design: Data on ADOD in Asia from 1990 to 2021 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021.

Extensive perivascular spaces burden causally affects neurodegenerative diseases and brain structure: A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Extensive perivascular spaces (PVS) burden has been reported to be associated with neurodegenerative diseases and brain structure; however, the causal effects has not been determined yet. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the causal effect of extensive PVS burden on neurodegenerative diseases and brain structure through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: Two-sample bidirectional MR was conducted based on publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics.

Nutrition: A non-negligible factor in the pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction. The strong link between nutrition and the occurrence and progression of AD pathology has been well documented. Poor nutritional status accelerates AD progress by potentially aggravating amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau deposition, exacerbating oxidative stress response, modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and disrupting blood-brain barrier function.

Ultrasound Stimulation Modulates Microglia M1/M2 Polarization and Affects Hippocampal Proteomic Changes in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: The effectiveness of ultrasound stimulation in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been reported in previous studies, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of ultrasound stimulation on the proportion and function of microglia of different phenotypes, as well as on the levels of inflammatory factors. Additionally, it revealed the alterations in proteomic molecules in the mouse hippocampus following ultrasound stimulation treatment, aiming to uncover potential new molecular mechanisms.

Identification of JAZF1, KNOP1, and PLEKHA1 as causally associated genes and drug targets for Alzheimer's disease: a summary data-based Mendelian randomization study.

Background: There is a growing body of evidence indicating the significant role of the immune system and immune cells in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the exact role of genes from various immune cell types in AD remains unclear. We aimed to utilize summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) to explore the potential causal relationships between genes in specific immune cells and the risk of AD.

A 12-year comparison of patients with Alzheimer's dementia with their informants in eight Asian countries.

Background: The number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has increased dramatically in Asia.

Objective: To update the demographic characteristics of patients with AD and their informants in eight Asian countries and compare them from 12 years prior.

Methods: The A1-A3 components of the Uniform Dataset (UDS), version 3.

Characteristics and Transcriptomic Analysis of Cholinergic Neurons Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells with APP Mutation in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: The cholinergic hypothesis is one of the main theories that describe the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cholinergic neurons degenerate early and are severely damaged in AD. Despite extensive research, the causes of cholinergic neuron damage and the underlying molecular changes remain unclear.

Bibliometric analysis of neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the predominant cause of dementia on a global scale, significantly impacting the health of the elderly population. The pathogenesis of AD is closely linked to neuroinflammation. The present study employs a bibliometric analysis to examine research pertaining to neuroinflammation and AD within the last decade, with the objective of providing a comprehensive overview of the current research profile, hotspots and trends.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell line (XWHNi003-A) from a female with APOE gene mutation.

Apolipoprotein E (APOE)is the gene with greatest genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We successfully established a human induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSC) line from a woman mutated by APOE gene. The cell line was isolated from this woman's peripheral blood mononuclear cells using a non-integrated Sendai virus, which retained the original genotype, showed a normal karyotype, highly expressed pluripotent markers and could differentiate into three germ layers.

Efficacy and safety of butylphthalide in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (EBMCI study).

Introduction: The efficacy of multitarget neuroprotective drug DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) in improving cognitive function has been confirmed in patients with vascular cognitive impairment without dementia. However, its efficacy in patients with symptomatic predementia phase of Alzheimer's disease remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NBP in improving cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) through a clinical randomised controlled trail.

Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell line (XWHNi004-A) from a male with APOE gene mutation.

Genetic polymorphism of apolipoprotein E (APOE) confers differential susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD), and APOE ɛ4 variants is the most powerful risk factor for this disease. Here, we report the generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line carrying the APOE ɛ4/ɛ4 genotype from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from a male with a family history of AD utilizing non-integrative Sendai virus vector. The iPSC maintains their original genotype, highly express endogenous pluripotency markers, displays a normal karyotype, and retains the ability to differentiate into cells representative of the three germ layers.

Causal Relationship Between Ferritin and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Previous observational research has indicated a correlation between ferritin levels and neuropsychiatric disorders, although the causal relationship remains uncertain.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the potential causal link between plasma ferritin levels and neuropsychiatric disorders.

Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted, wherein genetic instruments associated with ferritin were obtained from a previously published genome-wide association study (GWAS).

An efficient method for transcranial ultrasound focus correction based on the coupling of boundary integrals and finite elements.

Transcranial focused ultrasound is a novel technique for the noninvasive treatment of brain diseases. The success of the treatment greatly depends on achieving precise and efficient intraoperative focus. However, compensating for aberrated ultrasound waves caused by the skull through numerical simulation-based phase corrections is a challenging task due to the significant computational burden involved in solving the acoustic wave equation.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell line (XWHNi002-A) from a female with APP gene mutation.

The β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a crucial pathogenic gene linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD). A human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line was generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from a female with APP gene mutation utilizing non-integrative Sendai virus. The iPSC line exhibits high expression of pluripotency markers, retains the APP mutation, displays a normal karyotype, and has the ability to differentiate into normal teratoma tissue.

Proteomic profiling of circulating plasma exosomes reveals novel biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Neuronal- and astrocyte-derived exosomes have been identified as an optimal source for screening biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, few studies focus on the bulk exosome population isolated from plasma of AD. This study investigated whether proteins in bulk exosomes can aid in the diagnosis of AD.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review With AGREE II.

Background: High-quality clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are important for the effective treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). However, recommendations provided by different quality guidelines may lead to varied clinical practice outcomes.

Objective: To assess the quality of available CPGs for the management of BPSD and summarize the best recommendations for treating BPSD.

Culture Effects on the Chinese Version Boston Naming Test Performance and the Normative Data in the Native Chinese-Speaking Elders in Mainland China.

Background: The Chinese version of Boston Naming Test (BNT-C) is administered in China widely. However, the neuropsychological parameter of BNT-C in native Chinese-speaking elders in mainland China has not been explored systematically. The aim of this study was to explore cultural influences on BNT-C performance and establish norms among native Chinese-speaking elders in Beijing.

Good Performance of the Chinese Version of Mini Social Cognition and Emotional Assessment in the Early Diagnosis of Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia.

Social cognition impairment has been recognized as an early and characteristic change in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). The Mini Social Cognition and Emotional Assessment (mini-SEA) is a clinical tool to rapidly evaluate social cognition. In this study, we explored the diagnostic value of social cognition by assessing the Chinese version of the mini-SEA and other standard neuropsychological tests in 22 patients with mild bvFTD, 26 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia, and 30 control subjects.

Generation and characterization of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (XWHNi001-A) derived from an Alzheimer's disease patient with mutation in the APP gene.

Mutations in the APP gene are popularly known as the second cause trigger the familial Alzheimer's disease (AD). We generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from an AD patient using non-integrative Sendai virus. The iPSC line highly expresses pluripotency markers, has the capacity to differentiate into the normal teratoma tissue, retains the APP mutation, and displays the normal karyotype.

Detection of plasma Aβ seeding activity by a newly developed analyzer for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma β-amyloid (Aβ) seeding activity measured using a newly developed instrument to distinguish Alzheimer's disease (AD) from other forms of dementia.

Methods: Seventy-nine AD patients, 64 non-AD dementia (NADD) patients, and 75 cognitively normal (NC) subjects were recruited in the study. To measure the levels of Aβ seeding activity in the plasma samples, we have developed an AD-seeds protein analyzer.

A Comparative Study of Structural and Metabolic Brain Networks in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Changes in the metabolic and structural brain networks in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have been widely researched. However, few studies have compared the differences in the topological properties of the metabolic and structural brain networks in patients with MCI. We analyzedmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) data of 137 patients with MCI and 80 healthy controls (HCs).

Prominent Striatum Amyloid Retention in Early-Onset Familial Alzheimer's Disease With PSEN1 Mutations: A Pilot PET/MR Study.

With the advancements of amyloid imaging in recent years, this new imaging diagnostic method has aroused great interest from researchers. Till now, little is known regarding amyloid deposition specialty in patients with early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD), and even less is known about its role in cognitive impairments. Our study aimed to evaluate the amyloid deposition in five patients with EOFAD, 15 patients with late-onset sporadic AD, and 12 healthy subjects utilizing C-labeled Pittsburgh compound-B (C-PiB) amyloid PET imaging.