Antioxidant defense response during hibernation and arousal in Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis juveniles.

Antioxidant defense is essential for animals to cope with homeostasis disruption during hibernation. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant defense response of juvenile soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis during hibernation and following arousal. Turtle brain, liver, and kidney samples were collected at pre-hibernation (17 °C mud temperature; MT), during hibernation (5.

Antioxidant response to acute cold exposure and during recovery in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles ().

The antioxidant defense protects turtles from oxidative stress caused by adverse environment conditions, such as acute thermal fluctuations. However, it remains unclear how these defenses work. The present study examined changes in key enzymes of the enzymatic antioxidant system and the glutathione (GSH) system at both the mRNA and enzyme activity levels during acute cold exposure and recovery in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, Transcript levels of the upstream regulator NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were also measured.

Digital Gene Expression Profiling reveals transcriptional responses to acute cold stress in Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis juveniles.

Turtles are well known for their stress tolerance, including an ability to deal with temperature extremes or rapid thermal change. To know more about the comprehensive molecular basis of thermal stress responses in turtles, we assessed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the brain, liver and kidney of juvenile soft-shelled turtles, Pelodiscus sinensis, after acute cold stress (28 °C-8 °C acute transfer and held for 12 h) and following recovery (back to 28 °C and held for 24 h) by digital gene expression profiling. Selected DEGs were also validated via real-time PCR.

Dimorphic expression of sex-related genes in different gonadal development stages of sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus, a primitive fish species.

Molecular mechanism of sex determination and differentiation of sturgeon, a primitive fish species, is extraordinarily important due to the valuable caviar; however, it is still poorly known. The present work aimed to identify the major genes involved in regulating gonadal development of sterlet, a small species of sturgeon, from 13 candidate genes which have been shown to relate to gonadal differentiation and development in other teleost fish. The sex and gonadal development of sterlets were determined by histological observation and levels of sex steroids testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), and 17β-estradiol (E2) in serum.

Antioxidant responses in hibernating Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis hatchlings.

The antioxidant defense system protects turtles from oxidative stress during hibernation. The present study examined changes of the antioxidant enzymes both on mRNA level and enzyme activity level during hibernation of Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis hatchlings. The upstream regulator NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA was also measured.

Ascorbic acid regulation in stress responses during acute cold exposure and following recovery in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis).

Intense temperature change often leads to increased oxidative stress in many animals with a few exceptions, including the turtle. To date, little is known about the mechanism of protective antioxidative defenses in turtles during acute temperature change, specifically the role that the antioxidant ascorbic acid (AA) plays. In this study, Chinese soft-shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) were initially acclimated at 28°C (3 wks), exposed to acute cold condition (8°C, 8 h) and finally placed in recovery (28°C, 24 h).

[Macrobenthos community structure and its relations with environmental factors in Taihu River basin].

An investigation was conducted on the macrobenthos at 37 sampling sites in the Taihu River basin in August 2009 and May 2010. A total of 69 macrobenthos species were collected, of which, 15 species (21.7% of the total) were oligochaetas, 16 species (23.

Polymorphism in resting egg size and hatching strategy in the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus pallas.

This study examined polymorphism in the resting egg size, hatching pattern, morphotype, and starvation tolerance of stem females in a local population of the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. Fifteen rotifer families were cultured under laboratory conditions to induce the production of inbred, homozygous resting eggs. Each family of resting eggs was measured for size and aliquots were then incubated at 10 degrees C or 20 degrees C to test the phenotypic plasticity of hatching dynamics in this population.