Betaine and I-LG may have a predictive value for ATB: A causal study in a large European population.

Purpose: To analyze the causal relationship between 486 human serum metabolites and the active tuberculosis (ATB) in European population.

Methods: In this study, the causal relationship between human serum metabolites and the ATB was analyzed by integrating the genome-wide association study (GWAS). The 486 human serum metabolites were used as the exposure variable, three different ATB GWAS databases in the European population were set as outcome variables, and single nucleotide polymorphisms were used as instrumental variables for Mendelian Randomization.

The predictive value of TNF family for pulmonary tuberculosis: a pooled causal effect analysis of multiple datasets.

Objective: Despite extensive research on the relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and inflammatory factors, more robust causal evidence has yet to emerge. Therefore, this study aims to screen for inflammatory proteins that may contribute to the susceptibility to PTB in different populations and to explain the diversity of inflammatory and immune mechanisms of PTB in different ethnicity.

Methods: The inverse variance weighted (IVW) model of a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study was employed to conduct causal analysis on data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS).

Exploring the causal correlations between 486 serum metabolites and systemic lupus erythematosus: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

The observational association between circulating metabolites and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been well documented. However, whether the association is causal remains unclear. In this study, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) was introduced to analyse the causal relationships and possible mechanisms.

Trends and Patterns of Antibiotic Prescriptions in Primary Care Institutions in Southwest China, 2017-2022.

Purpose: To explore the prescription patterns and usage trends of antibiotics within primary care institutions located in underdeveloped regions of China from 2017 to 2022.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of antibiotic prescriptions was conducted from 25 primary care institutions in Guizhou Province during the period of 2017-2022. Antibiotic prescriptions were categorized into appropriate and inappropriate use.

Development and Application of a Reference Manual for Diagnosis and Rational Use of Antimicrobial Agents for Outpatient Primary Care (Digestive System Part): A Delphi Study.

Purpose: To establish a concise and easy-to-understand reference manual for outpatient primary care providers, promoting correct diagnosis of digestive system diseases and rational antimicrobial use.

Methods: The establishment of the manual encompassed two processes: the development of a draft manual and the validation of the manual. The development process was based on a literature review and expert discussion.

Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of EC-Test for latent tuberculosis infection in ambulatory people with HIV.

Background: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is more likely to develop into active tuberculosis (ATB), recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein ESAT6/CFP10 (EC-Test) is a latest developed method for LTBI. Compared with the interferon γ release test assays (IGRAs), the diagnostic performance of EC-Test to LTBI screening in HIV needs to be evaluated.

Methods: A population-based multicenter prospective study was conducted in Guangxi Province, China.

Effects of a feedback intervention on antibiotic prescription control in primary care institutions based on a Health Information System: a cluster randomized cross-over controlled trial.

Objectives: Overuse and misuse of antibiotics are major factors in the development of antibiotic resistance in primary care institutions of rural China. In this study, the effectiveness of a Health Information System-based, automatic, and confidential antibiotic feedback intervention was evaluated.

Methods: A randomized, cross-over, cluster-controlled trial was conducted in primary care institutions.

Effect of unifaceted and multifaceted interventions on antibiotic prescription control for respiratory diseases: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The global health system is improperly using antibiotics, particularly in the treatment of respiratory diseases. We aimed to examine the effectiveness of implementing a unifaceted and multifaceted intervention for unreasonable antibiotic prescriptions.

Methods: Relevant literature published in the databases of Pubmed, Embase, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang was searched.

Tuberculosis among Ambulatory People Living with HIV in Guangxi Province, China: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: This study aims to determine the prevalence of TB among ambulatory people living with HIV in Guangxi Province, which experienced the biggest HIV epidemic in China.

Methods: We undertook a longitudinal study in five HIV/AIDS designated hospitals randomly selected from Guangxi Province; all newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS outpatients from 2019 to 2021 were screened for TB and interviewed with a questionnaire.

Results: A total of 4539 HIV/AIDS outpatients were enrolled, with 2886 (63.

Space-Time Distribution Characteristics of Tuberculosis and Its Socioeconomic Factors in Southern China from 2015 to 2019.

Purpose: Guangxi is a high prevalence area of tuberculosis (TB) in China, urgent needing of further TB reduction. Our purpose is to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of TB in Guangxi and analyze the relationship between socioeconomic factors and TB from the dimensions of time and space to provide evidence to effectively prevent and control TB.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the epidemiology of TB.

Changing antibiotic prescribing practices in outpatient primary care settings in China: Study protocol for a health information system-based cluster-randomised crossover controlled trial.

Background: The overuse and abuse of antibiotics is a major risk factor for antibiotic resistance in primary care settings of China. In this study, the effectiveness of an automatically-presented, privacy-protecting, computer information technology (IT)-based antibiotic feedback intervention will be evaluated to determine whether it can reduce antibiotic prescribing rates and unreasonable prescribing behaviours.

Methods: We will pilot and develop a cluster-randomised, open controlled, crossover, superiority trial.

Interaction analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis between the host environment and highly mutated genes from population genetic structure comparison.

We aimed to investigate the genetic and demographic differences and interactions between areas where observed genomic variations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) were distributed uniformly in cold and hot spots.The cold and hot spot areas were identified using the reported incidence of TB over the previous 5 years.

A genome epidemiological study of mycobacterium tuberculosis in subpopulations with high and low incidence rate in Guangxi, South China.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). China is the third in top 8 high TB burden countries and Guangxi is one of the high incidence areas in South China. Determine bacterial factors that affected TB incidence rate is a step toward Ending the TB epidemic.

The geno-spatio analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in hot and cold spots of Guangxi, China.

Background: At present, there are few studies on polymorphism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) gene and how it affects the TB epidemic. This study aimed to document the differences of polymorphisms between tuberculosis hot and cold spot areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.

Methods: The cold and hot spot areas, each with 3 counties, had been pre-identified by TB incidence for 5 years from the surveillance database.

Hot and Cold Spot Areas of Household Tuberculosis Transmission in Southern China: Effects of Socio-Economic Status and Genotypes.

The aims of the study were: (1) compare sociodemographic characteristics among active tuberculosis (TB) cases and their household contacts in cold and hot spot transmission areas, and (2) quantify the influence of locality, genotype and potential determinants on the rates of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among household contacts of index TB cases. Parallel case-contact studies were conducted in two geographic areas classified as "cold" and "hot" spots based on TB notification and spatial clustering between January and June 2018 in Guangxi, China, using data from field contact investigations, whole genome sequencing, tuberculin skin tests (TSTs), and chest radiographs. Beijing family strains accounted for 64.

Spatiotemporal patterns and ecological factors of tuberculosis notification: A spatial panel data analysis in Guangxi, China.

Background: Guangxi is one of the provinces having the highest notification rate of tuberculosis in China. However, spatial and temporal patterns and the association between environmental diversity and tuberculosis notification are still unclear.

Objective: To detect the spatiotemporal pattern of tuberculosis notification rates from 2010 to 2016 and its potential association with ecological environmental factors in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, China.

Risk factors associated with Tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV/AIDS: A pair-matched case-control study in Guangxi, China.

Background: As one of the poorest provinces in China, Guangxi has a high HIV and TB prevalence, with the annual number of TB/HIV cases reported by health department among the highest in the country. However, studies on the burden of TB-HIV co-infection and risk factors for active TB among HIV-infected persons in Guangxi have rarely been reported.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for active TB among people living with HIV/AIDS in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, China.

[Effect of antiretroviral therapy in reducing deaths among patients co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus in Guangxi].

Objective: To understand the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in reducing deaths among patients co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (TB/HIV), and provide data-based evidence for improving ART in TB/HIV patients.

Methods: The information about TB patients who were HIV positive confirmed previously or recently in Guangxi were collected, and the TB/HIV patients were confirmed by using the related data from national AIDS prevention and treatment information system. Then a retrospective case control study was conducted to understand the survivals and deaths in the patients receiving ART or receiving no ART by using Kaplan-Meier method and estimate the ART protective rate within 1 year after TB treatment initiation.

[Feature analysis on patients died from co-infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus in Guangxi, from 2007 to 2012].

Objective: To understand the general feature of patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infectious (TB/HIV) in Guangxi, from 2007 to 2012.

Methods: Information regarding individuals that the contributory causes of death were due to MTB infection among HIV as the underlying cause of death from the Vital Registration System, together with bacterium smear or culture results, onset of TB, time that TB was diagnosed and entered an Internet base TB surveillance system was collected and checked. Data including information on time of death, age, occupation, the underlying cause of death among TB patients, bacterium distribution, average age of death, interval from onset to death, percentage of TB/HIV co-infection patients among all the patients etc, were all analysed.