Ductal lavage followed by observation versus oral corticosteroids in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: A randomized trial.

Oral corticosteroids represents the most prevalent treatment for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Ductal lavage with triamcinolone acetonide and antibiotics followed by observation (DL-OBS) has emerged as a novel strategy, but a comparison of them remains lacking. Here in this multicenter, open-label, non-inferiority, randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.

Differential diagnosis of breast mucinous carcinoma with an oval shape from fibroadenoma based on ultrasonographic features.

Background: Approximately 50% of breast mucinous carcinomas (MCs) are oval and have the possibility of being misdiagnosed as fibroadenomas (FAs). We aimed to identify the key features that can help differentiate breast MC with an oval shape from FA on ultrasonography (US).

Methods: Seventy-six MCs from 71 consecutive patients and 50 FAs with an oval shape from 50 consecutive patients were included in our study.

Gut microbiota enhance energy accumulation of black-necked crane to cope with impending migration.

Less is known about the role of gut microbiota in overwintering environmental adaptation in migratory birds. Here, we performed metagenomic sequencing on fresh fecal samples (n = 24) collected during 4 periods of overwintering (Dec: early; Jan: middle I; Feb: middle II; Mar: late) to characterize gut microbial taxonomic and functional characteristics of black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis). The results demonstrated no significant change in microbial diversity among overwintering periods.

Predicting the risk of axillary lymph node metastasis in early breast cancer patients based on ultrasonographic-clinicopathologic features and the use of nomograms: a prospective single-center observational study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to establish two preoperative nomograms to evaluate the risk for axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis in early breast cancer patients based on ultrasonographic-clinicopathologic features.

Methods: We prospectively evaluated 593 consecutive female participants who were diagnosed with cTNM breast cancer between March 2018 and May 2019 at Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital. The participants were randomly classified into training and validation sets in a 4:1 ratio for the development and validation of the nomograms, respectively.

Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics unravel the metabolic pathway variations for barley β-glucan before and after fermentation with DY-1.

The results of our previous study showed that the structure and function of β-glucan in barley were changed after fermentation by L. DY-1. In this study, the antioxidant activities of RBG (regular barley β-glucan, unfermented) and FBG (barley β-glucan, fermented with L.

Effects of L dy-1 fermentation time on the characteristic structure and antioxidant activity of barley β-glucan in .

This article explored the effect of ) fermentation on the basic physicochemical properties and associated antioxidant activity of barley β-glucan, including its molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, characteristic structure and rheology. Its DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) were measured at different fermentation times. The results showed that the molecular weight of barley β-glucan was decreased from 1.

Barley β-glucan resist oxidative stress of Caenorhabditis elegans via daf-2/daf-16 pathway.

β-glucan is an important functional active component with relatively high content in barley. It is reported to possess various biological activities, including anti-oxidative stress, but its mechanism of action remains obscure. In the current study, C.

Effects of cofD gene knock-out on the methanogenesis of Methanobrevibacter ruminantium.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of cofD gene knock-out on the synthesis of coenzyme F and production of methane in Methanobrevibacter ruminantium (M. ruminantium). The experiment successfully constructed a cofD gene knock-out M.

Epigenetic identification of mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 as a functional tumor suppressor and clinical significance for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 () is a member of the c-jun N-terminal kinases () subgroup in the MAPK superfamily, and was proposed as a tumor suppressor inactivated epigenetically. Its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not yet been illustrated. We aimed to investigate the expression and epigenetic regulation of as well as its clinical significance in HCC.

Ultrasound-Guided Vacuum-assisted Biopsy Versus Surgical Resection in Patients With Breast Desmoid Tumor.

Background: Recent studies suggest that desmoid tumors can be managed more conservatively rather than undergoing wide surgical resection (SR). Ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (UGVAB) is a minimally invasive technique. This retrospective study aimed to compare the outcome in patients with breast desmoid tumor (BDT) who received UGVAB alone versus SR.

Establishment and Validation of a Preoperative MRI-based Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Malignancy in Patients with Breast Tumor.

To establish a preoperative nomogram incorporating morphological and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) features to individually predict the risk of malignancy in patients with breast tumor. A total of 447 consecutive female patients who were divided into the primary cohort (n=326) and the validation cohort (n=121) were enrolled between March 2015 to January 2018. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the potential independent indicators of malignancy.

The community structure and microbial linkage of rumen protozoa and methanogens in response to the addition of tea seed saponins in the diet of beef cattle.

Background: This study investigated changes in rumen protozoal and methanogenic communities, along with the correlations among microbial taxa and methane (CH) production of six Belmont Red Composite beef steers fed tea seed saponins (TSS). Animals were fed in three consecutive feeding periods, a high-grain basal diet for 14 d (BD period) then a period of progressive addition of TSS to the basal diet up to 30 g/d for 20 d (TSS period), followed by the basal diet for 13 d without TSS (BDP post-control period).

Results: The study found that TSS supplementation decreased the amount of the protozoal genus and increased and genera.

Prognostic Value of Modified IHC4 Score in Patients with Estrogen Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Background: This study aimed to investigate whether an immunohistochemical prognostic model (IHC4 score) can predict the prognosis and the chemotherapy benefit in patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+)/human epidermal growth receptor 2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

Materials And Methods: We developed a method to calculate the modified IHC4 (mIHC4) scores based on routine pathological reports and compared them with the original IHC4 scores that were much more difficult to calculate. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to study the prognostic factors of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Re-excision or "wait and watch"-a prediction model in breast phyllodes tumors after surgery.

Background: The prognosis of breast phyllodes tumors (PTs) largely depending on the pathological grading, which lacks objectivity. This study aimed to develop a nomogram based on clinicopathological features to evaluate the recurrence probability of PTs following surgery.

Methods: Data from 334 patients with breast PTs, who underwent surgical treatment at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014, were used to develop a prediction model.

Fermented barley β-glucan regulates fat deposition in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Background: Barley contains a relatively high concentration of the mixed-linkage (1 → 3) (1 → 4) β-glucan, which has been reported to be a functional food with prebiotic potential. In the current study we compared the properties of two neutral barley β-glucans, obtained from raw barley: raw barley β-glucan (RBG) and Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1-fermented barley (FBG).

Results: Molecular characteristics revealed that the molecular weight of barley β-glucan decreased from 1.

Effects of fermentation on structural characteristics and in vitro physiological activities of barley β-glucan.

The effects of fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 on the main structural changes of barley β-glucan and their in vitro activities were studied. Molecular characteristics, infrared spectroscopy, monosaccharide composition, methylation, 1D and 2D-NMR analyses and scanning electron microscopy revealed that both (raw barley β-glucan) RBG and fermented barley β-glucan (FBG) are polysaccharides predominanted by β-(1→3) and β-(1→4) linked glucose. However, different molecular weight (decreasing from 1.

Functional Components, Antioxidant Activity and Hypoglycemic Ability Following Simulated Gastro-Intestinal Digestion of Pigments from Walnut Brown Shell and Green Husk.

To assess the effects of digestion on the functional components of walnut pigment and their bioactivities, we developed an in vitro model simulating gastro-intestinal digestion. Results showed an increase in the contents of flavonoids and conjugated phenols (with retention rates higher than 100%) in husk pigment after digestion. The lowest of the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging abilities was reached in the group with the minimum flavonoid content after digestion.

Differential expression of HER2 and downstream proteins in prediction of advanced tumor phenotypes and overall survival of patients with Epstein-Barr virus-positive vs. negative gastric cancers.

This study evaluated the associations of HER2 protein, HER2 gene amplification, and positivity for p-AKT, p-ERK, and p-PLCγ proteins with clinicopathological status and overall survival (OS) of patients who had Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC; n = 58) or EBV-negative GC (EBVnGC; n = 329). Tissue samples were subjected to immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results showed that EBVaGC less expressed HER2 and amplified HER2 gene.

Multiple metastases of bones and sigmoid colon after mastectomy for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: a case report.

Background: The prognosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is reportedly well. Extremely rare patients with DCIS develop distant breast cancer metastasis without locoregional or contralateral recurrence. This is the first report of multiple bones and sigmoid colon metastases from DCIS after mastectomy.

Effects of Land Transport Stress on Variations in Ruminal Microbe Diversity and Immune Functions in Different Breeds of Cattle.

The intensity and specialization of beef cattle production make off-site fattening, and introduce new breeds need transportation to achieve the goals. The present study was aimed to investigate effects of land transport stress on hormones levels, microbial fermentation, microbial composition, immunity and correlation among them among Simmental Crossbred Cattle (SC), Native Yellow Cattle (NY), and Cattle Yak (CY). High-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the rumen microbial diversity.

Development and validation of nomograms predicting survival in Chinese patients with triple negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and heterogeneous disease. Nomograms predicting outcomes of TNBC are needed for risk management.

Methods: Nomograms were based on an analysis of 296 non-metastatic TNBC patients treated at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from 2002 to 2014.

Ductal Lavage for Patients With Nonlactational Mastitis: A Single-Arm, Proof-of-Concept Trial.

Background: Surgery, steroids, and/or observations alone have been proposed for patients with nonlactational mastitis (NLM), but most of these studies were retrospective. The optimal treatment for these patients remains unclear. This prospective, single-arm, proof-of-concept trial aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ductal lavage as a novel treatment for patients with NLM.