How do lateral septum projections to the ventral CA1 influence sociability?

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202408000-00033/figure1/v/2023-12-16T180322Z/r/image-tiff Social dysfunction is a risk factor for several neuropsychiatric illnesses. Previous studies have shown that the lateral septum (LS)-related pathway plays a critical role in mediating social behaviors.

Medial prefrontal cortical PPM1F alters depression-related behaviors by modifying p300 activity via the AMPK signaling pathway.

Aims: Protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1F (PPM1F) is a serine/threonine phosphatase, and its dysfunction in depression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus has been previously identified. Nevertheless, its role in depression of another critical emotion-controlling brain region, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), remains unclear. We explored the functional relevance of PPM1F in the pathogenesis of depression.

ApoM suppresses kidney renal clear cell carcinoma growth and metastasis via the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway.

Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common histopathological type of renal cell carcinoma. However, the mechanism of KIRC progression remains poorly understood. Apolipoprotein M (ApoM) is a plasma apolipoprotein and a member of the lipid transport protein superfamily.

Role of Hippocampal miR-132-3p in Modifying the Function of Protein Phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1 F in Depression.

Depression is a common, severe, and debilitating psychiatric disorder of unclear etiology. Our previous study has shown that protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1F (PPM1F) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) displays significant regulatory effects in depression-related behaviors. miR-132-3p plays a potential role in the etiology of depression.

The altered sensitivity of acute stress induced anxiety-related behaviors by modulating insular cortex-paraventricular thalamus-bed nucleus of the stria terminalis neural circuit.

The dysregulation of neuronal networks contributes to the etiology of psychiatric diseases, including anxiety. However, the neural circuits underlying anxiety symptoms remain unidentified. We observed acute restraint stress activating excitatory neurons in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT).

Cryptotanshinone ameliorates CUS-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice.

Objectives: Cryptotanshinone (CPT), a natural quinoid diterpene, isolated from , has shown various pharmacological properties. However, its effect on chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced depression phenotypes and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether CPT could exert an antidepressant effect.

Inhibition of glioblastoma progression by Urolithin A in vitro and in vivo by regulating Sirt1-FOXO1 axis via ERK/AKT signaling pathways.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most universal and devastating primary intracranial neoplasm in the central nervous system. Urolithin A (UA) possesses many pharmacological and biological activities, but its function in GBM is not clear. CCK-8 and colony formation test were used to measure the anti-proliferative potency of UA against GBM cells.

Reactivating a positive feedback loop VTA-BLA-NAc circuit associated with positive experience ameliorates the attenuated reward sensitivity induced by chronic stress.

Both genetic predisposition and life events, particularly life stress, are thought to increase the risk for depression. Reward sensitivity appears to be attenuated in major depressive disorder (MDD), suggesting deficits in reward processing in these patients. We identified the VTA-BLA-NAc circuit as being activated by sex reward, and the VTA neurons that respond to sex reward are mostly dopaminergic.

The paraventricular thalamus input to central amygdala controls depression-related behaviors.

The dysregulation of neuronal networks may contribute to the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the neural connections underlying the symptoms of MDD have yet to be elucidated. Here, we observed that glutamatergic neurons in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) were activated by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) with higher expression numbers of ΔFosB-labeled neurons and protein expression levels, activation of PVT neurons caused depressive-like phenotypes, whereas suppression of PVT neuronal activity induced an antidepressant effect in male, but not female mice, which were achieved by using a chemogenetic approach.

Regulation of depression-related behaviors by GABAergic neurons in the lateral septum through periaqueductal gray neuronal projections.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious and widespread mental illness worldwide. The abnormality of neuronal networks may contribute to the etiology of MDD. However, the neural connections underlying the main symptoms of MDD need further elucidation.

PPM1F in hippocampal dentate gyrus regulates the depression-related behaviors by modulating neuronal excitability.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, serious, debilitating mental illness. Protein phosphatase Mg/Mn-dependent 1F (PPM1F), a serine/threonine phosphatase, has been reported to have multiple biological and cellular functions. However, the effects of PPM1F and its neuronal substrates on depressive behaviors remain largely unknown.

Psychological Influence of Coronovirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on the General Public, Medical Workers, and Patients With Mental Disorders and its Countermeasures.

Background: Coronovirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first broke out in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in 2019, and now it spreads in more than 100 countries around the world. On January 30th, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern. It was classified as a pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020.

Pioglitazone is an effective treatment for patients with post-stroke depression combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The antidepressive effects of the antidiabetic medicine, pioglitazone, were recently reported in several studies. These effects may ameliorate the depressive symptoms of patients with post-stroke depression (PSD). The present study aimed to evaluate the antidepressive effect of pioglitazone in patients with PSD combined with type 2 diabetes.

Correlation between neurochemical metabolism and memory function in adolescent patients with depression: A multi-voxel ¹H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

Aims: We utilized multi-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) to detect biochemical abnormalities in dorsolateral prefrontal white matter and anterior cingulate gray matter and to determine the correlation of biochemical changes with memory function in depressed adolescents.

Methods: A total of 24 depressed patients and 23 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. MRS was performed to assess the N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine Cr and choline (Cho)/Cr ratios in dorsolateral prefrontal white matter and anterior cingulate gray matter of participants.

Exposure to chronic constant light impairs spatial memory and influences long-term depression in rats.

Exposure to chronic constant light (CCL) influences circadian rhythms and evokes stress. Since hippocampus is sensitive to stress, which facilitates long-term depression (LTD) in the hippocampal CA1 area, we examined whether CCL exposure influenced hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and synaptic plasticity in Wistar rats. Here we report that CCL exposure (3 weeks) disrupted 24-h cycle of locomotion activity in open field test.

Enriched environment experience overcomes the memory deficits and depressive-like behavior induced by early life stress.

Stress in early life is believed to cause cognitive and affective disorders, and to disrupt hippocampal synaptic plasticity in adolescence into adult, but it is unclear whether exposure to enriched environment (EE) can overcome these effects. Here, we reported that housing rats in cages with limited nesting/bedding materials on postnatal days 2-21 reduced body weight gain, and this type of early life stress impaired spatial learning and memory of the Morris water maze and increased depressive-like behavior of the forced swim test in young adult rats (postnatal days 53-57). Early life stress also impaired long-term potentiation in hippocampal CA1 area of slices of young adult rats.

Acute behavioural stress facilitates long-term depression in temporoammonic-CA1 pathway.

Behavioural stress facilitates long-term depression in Schaffer collaterals-CA1 pathway, but it is unknown whether it influences long-term depression in temporoammonic fibres-CA1. Here, we report that low-frequency stimulation induced long-term depression and foot shock stress before slice preparation facilitated long-term depression in both pathways of young rat slices. When the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials were recorded by stimulating the two pathways alternately and low-frequency stimulation was given to the two pathways simultaneously, a reliable long-term depression was induced in Schaffer collaterals-CA1 but a reliable long-term potentiation took place in temporoammonic fibres-CA1.

Propofol effects on excitatory synaptic efficacy in the CA1 region of the developing hippocampus.

The anesthetic, propofol, effectively suppresses excitatory synaptic transmission and facilitates long-term depression (LTD) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Here, we have examined whether these effects are different in the developing hippocampus. We found that propofol in suppressing whole-cell excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSC) was more effective in 21 day old rats than either in 7 day old rats or under the condition of high intracellular chloride concentration in 21 day old rats.