Color-neutral and reversible tissue transparency enables longitudinal deep-tissue imaging in live mice.

Unlabelled: Light scattering in biological tissue presents a significant challenge for deep imaging. Our previous work demonstrated the ability to achieve optical transparency in live mice using intensely absorbing dye molecules, which created transparency in the red spectrum while blocking shorter-wavelength photons. In this paper, we extend this capability to achieve optical transparency across the entire visible spectrum by employing molecules with strong absorption in the ultraviolet spectrum and sharp absorption edges that rapidly decline upon entering the visible spectrum.

Branched-Chain Amino Acids Target miR-203a/fosb Axis to Promote Skeletal Muscle Growth in Common Carp ().

Starvation is an environmental stress that cannot be ignored during the growth of aquatic animals. Amino acid composition and balance can influence the nutritional effects, regulating the anabolic metabolism and energy signaling in the organism. Among these, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which are essential amino acids in fish, play vital roles in energy regulation and growth metabolism.

Single-Wavelength Laminar Optical Tomography for In Vivo Microvascular Three-Dimensional Imaging.

Laminar Optical Tomography (LOT) is a promising non-invasive technique for three-dimensional imaging of complex biological structures, combining high resolution and deep penetration. In this study, a LOT system was assembled using a 520nm continuous-wave laser, exploiting the contrast mechanism provided by the unique optical absorption coefficient of hemoglobin at this wavelength for microvascular imaging. The system utilizes raster scanning to illuminate the target tissue's surface, capturing backscattered light intensity with a multi-channel Photomultiplier Tubes.

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism supports Roseobacteraceae positive interactions in marine biofilms.

Unlabelled: Interspecies interactions are key factors affecting the stability of microbial communities. However, microbial interactions in marine biofilms, which constitute up to 80% of the microbial biomass in certain marine environments, are not well understood. We addressed this knowledge gap by coculturing four marine biofilm-derived Roseobacteraceae strains ( M597, S1616, T6124, and W002) in 14 single carbon sources.

Development and Characterization of a Hydrogel Containing Chloramphenicol-Loaded Binary Ethosomes for Effective Transdermal Permeation and Treatment Acne in Rat Model.

Purpose: Acne is a serious disfiguring follicular sebaceous gland disorder that negatively affects patients' quality of life and self-image. Chloramphenicol (CAM) is effective against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus which cause acne, often used as a hospital preparation for acne treatment. However, because of its toxicity and poor water solubility, its use has been restricted.

Nuclear receptor coactive 4-mediated ferritinophagy: a key role of heavy metals toxicity.

Nuclear receptor coactive 4 (NCOA4) is a specific receptor for ferritinophagy, transporting ferritin to lysosomal degradation, releasing free iron, and excessive iron levels may lead to cellular redox imbalance, contributing to cell death, predominantly ferroptosis. NCOA4 is regulated by a variety of transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational modifications. Targeted modulation of NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy has been successfully used as a therapeutic strategy in several disease models.

Gelatin-Based Adhesive Hydrogels with Self-Healing, Injectable and Temperature-Triggered Detachable Properties.

Adhesive hydrogels are emerging as attractive functional materials for various fields, such as tissue engineering, wound healing, E-skins, etc. However, the removal of adhesive hydrogels from covered area may be painful and cause a secondary damage. In the current study, gelatin-based hydrogels are prepared by cross-linking with tannic acid and 4-formylphenyl boronic acid, through simultaneous dynamic covalent boronic ester and imine bond formations.

L-Carnitine Improves Muscle Nutrient Metabolism and Intestinal Health in High-Fat-Fed Carp ().

L-Carnitine is widely recognized for its involvement in lipid metabolism, but its effects on muscle quality and gut health in carp have not been well studied. The research aimed to investigate how L-carnitine influences muscle quality and intestinal health in high-fat-fed carp. The study was separated into four groups that received either the standard diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), or a HFD supplemented with 500 mg/kg L-carnitine (LLC), or a HFD supplemented with 1000 mg/kg L-carnitine (HLC) for 56 days.

Model-based CBCT scatter correction with dual-layer flat-panel detector.

Background: Recently, the popularity of dual-layer flat-panel detector (DL-FPD) based dual-energy cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging has been increasing. However, the image quality of dual-energy CBCT remains constrained by the Compton scattered x-ray photons.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to develop a novel scatter correction method, named e-Grid, for DL-FPD based CBCT imaging.

Digital microfluidics with integrated Raman sensor for high-sensitivity in-situ bioanalysis.

This study introduces an advanced bioanalytical platform that combines digital microfluidics (DMF) with Raman spectroscopy, effectively addressing common issues in bioanalysis such as sample contamination, excessive consumption of samples and reagents, and manual handling. Our innovative system is engineered to handle diverse sample types and enables both sample preparation and in-situ analysis on a single device, utilizing less than 5 μL of samples and reagents. It incorporates a Translucent Raman Enhancement Stack (TRES) sensor, which boosts the detection signal, and includes droplet-driving functionality for automated processing of complex samples in a compact setting.

Genomic Features and Antimicrobial Activity of Strains from Marine Biofilms.

Members of the genus are widely distributed in the marine environment and are known for their ability to produce tropodithietic acid (TDA). Studies investigating the genomic and metabolic features of strains from marine biofilms are sparse. Here, we analyze the complete genomes of 18 strains isolated from biofilms on subtidal stones, with the aim of determining their potential to synthesize secondary metabolites.

MMD-Net: Image domain multi-material decomposition network for dual-energy CT imaging.

Background: Multi-material decomposition is an interesting topic in dual-energy CT (DECT) imaging; however, the accuracy and performance may be limited using the conventional algorithms.

Purpose: In this work, a novel multi-material decomposition network (MMD-Net) is proposed to improve the multi-material decomposition performance of DECT imaging.

Methods: To achieve dual-energy multi-material decomposition, a deep neural network, named as MMD-Net, is proposed in this work.

Extremely efficient catalytic ozonation of ammonia N to N using Co/Mg(OH) as catalysts.

The development of highly efficient and selective ozonation catalysts is crucial for enhancing the treatment of nitrogen-containing wastewater. In this study, a Co/Mg(OH) nano-hexagonal sheets ozonation catalyst was prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method, and the structural characteristics of this catalyst were comprehensively analyzed. The O/O ratio of this catalyst was 41.

Efficient RNA interference method by feeding in Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifera).

Rotifers are small, ubiquitous invertebrate animals found throughout the world and have emerged as a promising model system for studying molecular mechanisms in the fields of experimental ecology, aquatic toxicology, and geroscience. However, the lack of efficient gene expression manipulation techniques has hindered the study of rotifers. In this study, we used the L4440 plasmid with two reverse-oriented T7 promoters, along with RNase-deficient E.

Causal relationships between gut microbiota, immune cell, and Henoch-Schönlein Purpura: a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Regulating the immune system is a crucial measure of gut microbiota (GM) that influences the development of diseases. The causal role of GM on Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) and whether it can be mediated by immune cells is still unknown.

Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization study using an inverse variance weighted (IVW) method to examine the causal role of GM on HSP and the mediation effect of immune cells between the association of GM and HSP.

Reproductive toxicity of hexabromocyclododecane in rotifer Brachionus plicatilis: Involvement of reactive oxygen species and calcium signaling pathways.

To assess the toxicity of Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), the population, individual, and cellular biochemical parameters of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis exposed to different concentrations of HBCD were investigated. The results showed that the population growth rate, reproductive period, and offspring number in B. plicatilis significantly decreased under 324 μg/L and 648 μg/L HBCD.

Miniaturized confocal Raman and Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy imaging system based on micro-electro-mechanical mirror.

Detection of the elemental and molecular structural distribution with high resolution and miniaturization of unknown minerals is a main bottleneck in deep space exploration and geology analysis. The aim is to enhance the accuracy of the chemical analysis of micro-samples by combining the distribution information from Raman spectroscopy and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The existing Raman-LIBS imaging methods are difficult to balance the imaging performance and system volume.

Genomic Analysis of Novel Bacterial Strains Isolated from Marine Biofilms.

Bacteria from the genus are distributed across various marine habitats and play a significant role in sulfur cycling. However, the metabolic features of inhabiting marine biofilms are still not well understood. Here, complete genomes and paired metatranscriptomes of eight strains, isolated from biofilms on subtidal stones, have been analyzed to explore their central energy metabolism and potential of secondary metabolite biosynthesis.

Correction of scatter in CBCT with a new grid design.

This study aims at developing a simple and rapid Compton scatter correction approach for cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging.In this work, a new Compton scatter estimation model is established based on two distinct CBCT scans: one measures the full primary and scatter signals without anti-scatter grid (ASG), and the other measures a portion of primary and scatter signals with ASG. To accelerate the entire data acquisition speed, a half anti-scatter grid (h-ASG) that covers half of the full detector surface is proposed.

Ecotoxicological assessment, oxidative response, and enzyme activity disorder of the rotifer Brachionus asplanchnoidis exposed to a toxic cocktail of spent lithium-ion battery leachate.

Spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have emerged as a major source of waste due to their low recovery rate. The physical disposal of spent LIBs can lead to the leaching of their contents into the surrounding environment. While it is widely agreed that hazardous substances such as nickel and cobalt in the leachate can pose a threat to the environment and human health, the overall composition and toxicity of LIB leachate remain unclear.

Selenium alleviates pancreatic fibrosis in chickens caused by mercuric chloride: Involvement of the MAPK signaling pathway and selenoproteins.

Mercuric chloride (HgCl) is a widespread inorganic mercury with digestive toxicity. The pancreas is an important digestive organ in animals, and pancreatic fibrosis (PF) is a major pathological feature of chronic pancreatitis, which can be caused by heavy metals. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for the animal organism, performing biological functions in the form of selenoproteins, as well as alleviating the toxicity of heavy metals.

Selenium represses microRNA-202-5p/MICU1 aixs to attenuate mercuric chloride-induced kidney ferroptosis.

Mercuric chloride (HgCl) is a nephrotoxic contaminant that is widely present in the environment. Selenium (Se) can effectively antagonize the biological toxicity caused by heavy metals. Here, in vivo and in vitro models of Se antagonism to HgCl-induced nephrotoxicity in chickens were established, with the aim of exploring the specific mechanism.