Social patterning of cognitive impairment in Colombia: evidence from the SABE 2015 study.

Introduction: Dementia, an increasingly critical public health concern in low and middle-income countries, is associated with lower socioeconomic status, early cognitive impairment, and elevated dementia-related mortality risk. This study seeks to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment, investigate its links with social indicators, and visualize social gradients across different regions in Colombia.

Methods: Secondary data analysis from the SABE 2015 survey, multinomial regression analyses, and equiplot graphs.

Association of MicroRNA Expression and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels with Clinical and Radiological Findings in Multiple Sclerosis.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers for many diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). The neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a biomarker that can detect axonal damage in different neurological diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of the expression profile of pre-selected miRNAs and NfL levels with clinical and radiological variables in MS patients.

Dermoscopy of very small basal cell carcinoma (≤3mm).

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) dermoscopy is key to lower the biopsy threshold of suspicious lesions. There is a scarcity of published data on the dermoscopy of very small BCC (≤3mm) and its differences from larger BCCs.

Objective: To describe and compare dermoscopic features of BCCs measuring ≤3mm, with those from 3 to 10mm.

The effectiveness of a comprehensive diabetes program for glycemic control and adherence, and the selection of candidates for sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of a comprehensive diabetes program (CDP) in terms of glycemic control, adherence, and the selection of candidates for sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy (SAP).

Methods: We compared diabetes control before and 6 months after CDP. The program was based on disease management using a logical model dealing with the following: case management, education and coaching, nutritional assessment, and mental health.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes: Long-term follow-up.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy (SAP) in addition to a comprehensive diabetes program on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), severe hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, and the hospital admission rate in patients with type 1 diabetes under real-world settings during a 2-year follow-up.

Methods: This was a retrospective real-life study comparing diabetes control before and after SAP therapy initiation. Patients ≥18 years old with type 1 diabetes were included.

The effectiveness of a comprehensive diabetes program for glycemic control and adherence, and the selection of candidates for sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of a comprehensive diabetes program (CDP) in terms of glycemic control, adherence, and the selection of candidates for sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy (SAP).

Methods: We compared diabetes control before and 6 months after CDP. The program was based on disease management using a logical model dealing with the following: case management, education and coaching, nutritional assessment, and mental health.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes: Long-term follow-up.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy (SAP) in addition to a comprehensive diabetes program on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), severe hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, and the hospital admission rate in patients with type 1 diabetes under real-world settings during a 2-year follow-up.

Methods: This was a retrospective real-life study comparing diabetes control before and after SAP therapy initiation. Patients ≥18 years old with type 1 diabetes were included.

[Clinical impact of ertapenem de-escalation in critically-ill patients with Enterobacteriaceae infections].

Background: Ertapenem has proven to be effective for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae but lacks activity against non-fermenters; de-escalation to this antibiotic may reduce the selection of resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and improve clinical outcomes.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical impact of de-escalation from broad-spectrum anti-pseudomonal agents to ertapenem, a non-pseudomonal antibiotics for Enterobacteriaceae infections in critically-ill patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in adult patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) who had Enterobacteriaceae infections and were de-escalated from empiric anti-pseudomonal coverage to non-pseudomonal antibiotics.

[Clinical and microbiological characteristics of complicated intra-abdominal infection in Colombia: a multicenter study].

Introduction: Complicated community-acquired intra-abdominal infections (CA-cIAI) are a common cause of acute abdomen.

Objective: To identify the clinical and microbiology profile of CA-cIAI in four Colombian hospitals.

Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive study, between 08-2012 and 09-2014, including patients with CA-cIAI > 15 years.

Epidemiological characterization of diabetic patients on therapy with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and continuous glucose monitoring in real time.

Objective: To describe baseline characteristics of diabetic patients who were started on insulin pump and real time continuous glucose monitor (CSII-rtCGM) in a specialized center in Medellin, Colombia.

Materials And Methods: All patients with diabetes with complete data who were started on CSII-rtCGM between February 2010 and May 2014 were included. This is a descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

[Evaluation of the genotoxic effect of malaria in a cohort of patients in Medellín and Quibdó].

Introduction: During malaria infection, both parasite and host are under the effects of oxidative stress due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species, which can induce DNA damage by its genotoxic effects.

Objective: To evaluate genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes in a cohort of patients with malaria from Medellin and Quibdó.

Methods: We performed an observational cross sectional study in 100 individuals with malaria and 100 healthy controls.

Discrimination of endocardial electrogram disorganization using a signal regularity analysis.

Measures from the theory of nonlinear dynamics were applied on complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) in order to characterize their physiological dynamic behavior. The results were obtained considering 113 short term atrial electrograms (A-EGMs) which were annotated by three experts into four classes of fractionation according to A-EGMs signal regularity. The following measures were applied on A-EGM signals: General Correlation Dimension, Approximate Entropy, Detrended Fluctuation Analysis, Lempel-Ziv Complexity, and Katz-Sevcik, Variance and Box Counting Fractal Dimension.

Holter monitoring of central and peripheral temperature: possible uses and feasibility study in outpatient settings.

Background: Conventional clinical thermometry has important limitations. A continuous monitoring of temperature may offer significant advantages, including the use of chronobiological and complexity analysis of temperature profile and eventually the identification of a "pre-febrile" pattern.

Objective: We present a clinical model designed to measure, store and/or transmit in real time a central and a peripheral temperature reading.

Short- and medium-term effects of experimental nitrogen fertilization on arthropods associated with Calluna vulgaris heathlands in north-west Spain.

We studied the short- and medium-term effects of experimental nitrogen fertilization (3 and 15 months after the treatment) on the arthropods of Calluna vulgaris heathlands in NW Spain. Three heathland sites were selected with two permanent plots per site: control and fertilized. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer (56 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) was applied monthly and insects were caught using pitfall traps.

Predicting survival in critical patients by use of body temperature regularity measurement based on approximate entropy.

Body temperature is a classical diagnostic tool for a number of diseases. However, it is usually employed as a plain binary classification function (febrile or not febrile), and therefore its diagnostic power has not been fully developed. In this paper, we describe how body temperature regularity can be used for diagnosis.

A novel statistical model for simulation of arterial and intracranial pressure.

We describe a novel statistical model of pressure signals that incorporates the effects of respiration on arterial (ABP) and intracranial pressure (ICP). This model can be used to synthesize pulsatile ABP and ICP signals with similar time, frequency, and variability characteristics of real pressure signals. These synthetic signals can be used during the development, simulation, or quantitative assessment of biomedical algorithms in a variety of applications.

Incontinentia pigmenti: a report of ten cases.

A multidisciplinary approach is necessary in the care of patients with incontentia pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome).