CT-based diagnostic algorithm to identify bowel and/or mesenteric injury in patients with blunt abdominal trauma.

Objectives: To develop a CT-based algorithm and evaluate its performance for the diagnosis of blunt bowel and/or mesenteric injury (BBMI) in patients with blunt abdominal trauma.

Methods: This retrospective study included a training cohort of 79 patients (29 with BBMI and 50 patients with blunt abdominal trauma without BBMI) and a validation cohort of 37 patients (13 patients with BBMI and 24 patients with blunt abdominal trauma without BBMI). CT examinations were blindly analyzed by two independent radiologists.

A free time point model for dynamic contrast enhanced exploration.

Dynamic-Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) Imaging has been widely studied to characterize microcirculatory disorders associated with various diseases. Although numerous studies have demonstrated its diagnostic interest, the physiological interpretation using pharmacokinetic models often remains debatable. Indeed, to be interpretable, a model must provide, at first instance, an accurate description of the DCE data.

Effectiveness of a dedicated small bowel neoplasia screening program by capsule endoscopy in Lynch syndrome: 5 years results from a tertiary care center.

Background And Aims: The role of small bowel neoplasia (SBN) screening in asymptomatic patients with Lynch syndrome (LS) is uncertain. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of screening by capsule endoscopy (CE) in these patients.

Methods: This study was an observational, analytical, and retrospective single-center study within the PRED-IdF network.

Small bowel polyp resection using device-assisted enteroscopy in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: Results of a specialised tertiary care centre.

Introduction: Enteroscopy resection of small bowel polyps in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome has only been described in small case series. Herein, we aimed to assess the efficacy of enteroscopy resection of small bowel polyps within a specialised tertiary care centre and the impact on intraoperative enteroscopy.

Methods: This was an observational single-centre study.

Temporal registration: a new approach to manage the incomplete recovery of the longitudinal magnetization in the Modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery sequence (MOLLI) for T1 mapping of the heart.

Purpose: To correct with post-processing effects of incomplete recovery of the longitudinal magnetization before a new inversion pulse in the Modified Look-Locker Inversion recovery sequence (MOLLI) sequence.

Theory And Methods: We model such effects as a temporal shift ([Formula: see text]) of the signal of the Look-Locker block following next inversion pulses. After using the following equation [Formula: see text], a temporal registration of [Formula: see text] is applied to the signal of the affected block to adjust the sampling time of the recovery signal and correct the underlying effect on quantitative T1.

Quality-based pharmacokinetic model selection on DCE-MRI for characterizing orbital lesions.

Background: Although several studies have evaluated dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI in the orbit, showing its utility when detecting and diagnosing orbital lesions, none have evaluated the pharmacokinetic models.

Purpose: To provide a quality-based pharmacokinetic model selection for characterizing orbital lesions using DCE-MRI at 3.0T.

Non-invasive assessment of placental perfusion in vivo using arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI: A preclinical study in rats.

Introduction: Non-invasive assessment of placental perfusion is of great interest to characterize placental function in clinical practice. This article proposes a strictly non-invasive MRI technique using ASL to quantify placental blood flow in vivo. The aim of this study was to develop a fMRI tool to quantify placental blood flow (PBF) in rat, by using arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI at 4.

Hierarchical segmentation using equivalence test (HiSET): Application to DCE image sequences.

Dynamical contrast enhanced (DCE) imaging allows non invasive access to tissue micro-vascularization. It appears as a promising tool to build imaging biomarkers for diagnostic, prognosis or anti-angiogenesis treatment monitoring of cancer. However, quantitative analysis of DCE image sequences suffers from low signal to noise ratio (SNR).

Imaging Response of Antiangiogenic and Immune-Oncology Drugs in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC): Current Status and Future Challenges.

This report aims to review criteria which have been proposed for treatment evaluation in mRCC under anti-angiogenic and immune-oncologic therapies and discuss future challenges for imagers. RECIST criteria seem to only partially reflect the clinical benefit derived from anti-angiogenic drugs in mRCC. New methods of analysis propose to better evaluate response to these drugs, including a new threshold for size criteria (-10%), attenuation (Choi and modified Choi criteria), functional imaging techniques (perfusion CT, ultrasound or MRI), and new PET radiotracers.

Endoscopic Management of Post-bariatric Surgery Fistula: a Tertiary Care Center Experience.

Background And Study Aims: Post-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) fistula is a major complication, responsible for high morbidity. Endoscopic treatment represents an alternative to surgical management, with variable approaches and success rates. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic treatment in a tertiary care center.

Diagnosis and Management of a Cryptoglandular Actinomycotic Fistula-in-Ano: An Update on 7 New Cases and a Review of the Literature.

Purpose: Primary anal actinomycosis of cryptoglandular origin, a rare cause of anal suppurative disease, requires specific management to be cured. The aims of this retrospective study were to describe clinical, morphological, and microbiological features of this entity and to evaluate management practices for new cases observed since 2001.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series conducted at the Diaconesses-Croix Saint-Simon Hospital in Paris.

Assessment of Placental Perfusion in the Preeclampsia L-NAME Rat Model with High-Field Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI.

Purpose: To evaluate placental function and perfusion in a rat model of preeclampsia infused with L-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI using gadolinium chelates.

Methods: Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were fitted on embryonic day 16 (E16) with subcutaneous osmotic minipumps loaded to deliver, continuously, L-NAME (50 mg/day per rat; case group) or saline solution (control group). DCE MRI was performed on E19 using gadolinium chelates and a 4.

Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI of the placenta: A tool for prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta?

Background: Ultrasound (US) is the primary imaging modality for the diagnosis of placenta accreta, but it is not sufficiently accurate. MRI morphologic criteria have recently emerged as a useful tool in this setting, but their analysis is too subjective. Recent studies suggest that gadolinium enhancement may help to distinguish between the stretched myometrium and placenta within a scar area.

Quantifying tumor vascular heterogeneity with DCE-MRI in complex adnexal masses: A preliminary study.

Purpose: To evaluate the value of quantifying dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) heterogeneity to characterize adnexal masses.

Materials And Methods: Our database was retrospectively queried to identify all surgically proven adnexal masses characterized with a 1.5T DCE-MRI between January 1st 2008 and February 28th 2010 (n = 113 masses, including 52 benign, 11 borderline, and 50 invasive malignant tumors).

Dynamic Three-Dimensional Shoulder Mri during Active Motion for Investigation of Rotator Cuff Diseases.

Background: MRI is the standard methodology in diagnosis of rotator cuff diseases. However, many patients continue to have pain despite treatment, and MRI of a static unloaded shoulder seems insufficient for best diagnosis and treatment. This study evaluated if Dynamic MRI provides novel kinematic data that can be used to improve the understanding, diagnosis and best treatment of rotator cuff diseases.

Designing 3D Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets Merging Magnetic and Fluorescent Features: When Cell Sheet Technology Meets Image-Guided Cell Therapy.

Cell sheet technology opens new perspectives in tissue regeneration therapy by providing readily implantable, scaffold-free 3D tissue constructs. Many studies have focused on the therapeutic effects of cell sheet implantation while relatively little attention has concerned the fate of the implanted cells in vivo. The aim of the present study was to track longitudinally the cells implanted in the cell sheets in vivo in target tissues.

Supersonic Shear Wave Elastography of Response to Anti-cancer Therapy in a Xenograft Tumor Model.

Our objective was to determine if supersonic shear wave elastography (SSWE) can detect changes in stiffness of a breast cancer model under therapy. A human invasive carcinoma was implanted in 22 mice. Eleven were treated with an anti-angiogenic therapy and 11 with glucose for 24 d.

In Vivo Detection of Succinate by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Hallmark of SDHx Mutations in Paraganglioma.

Purpose: Germline mutations in genes encoding mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) are found in patients with paragangliomas, pheochromocytomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and renal cancers. SDH inactivation leads to a massive accumulation of succinate, acting as an oncometabolite and which levels, assessed on surgically resected tissue are a highly specific biomarker of SDHx-mutated tumors. The aim of this study was to address the feasibility of detecting succinate in vivo by magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-weighted Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Lesions: Correlation with Whole-Body Dynamic Contrast Agent-enhanced MR Imaging.

Purpose: To correlate intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) parameters with the enhancement patterns of bone marrow and focal lesion obtained on whole-body (WB) dynamic contrast agent-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance (MR) images in patients with stage-III multiple myeloma (MM) before and after systemic therapy.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-seven patients with MM were retrospectively included in this institutional review board-approved study. Requirement for written informed consent was waived.

Chronic urinary obstruction: evaluation of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR urography for measurement of split renal function.

Purpose: To evaluate if measurement of split renal function ( SRF split renal function ) with dynamic contrast material-enhanced ( DCE dynamic contrast enhanced ) magnetic resonance (MR) urography is equivalent to that with renal scintigraphy ( RS renal scintigraphy ) in patients suspected of having chronic urinary obstruction.

Materials And Methods: The study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the coordinating center on behalf of all participating centers. Informed consent was obtained from all adult patients or both parents of children.

Imaging criteria for assessing tumour response: RECIST, mRECIST, Cheson.

Most methods define a limited number of "target" lesions to be measured and other "non-target" lesions to be evaluated qualitatively. RECIST criteria are the most widely used although other criteria have been proposed that are derived from them based on size alone, or size and attenuation. Modified RECIST (mRECIST) criteria only concern hepatocellular carcinoma and only take into account the viable portion (enhanced after injection during the arterial phase).

Radiological evaluation of response to treatment: application to metastatic renal cancers receiving anti-angiogenic treatment.

Targeted therapies have considerably improved the prognosis of patients with metastatic renal cancer (mRCC) but there are no reliable response assessment criteria reflecting the clinical benefits, because there is no regression in size, or it is delayed. Such criteria would help early identification of non-responders, who would then benefit from a change of treatment, and would avoid their being subjected to unnecessary side effects related to the treatment. We will review the imaging techniques currently available for evaluating tumour response in mRCC patients, including the response evaluation criteria in solid tumours (RECIST), the Choi criteria, the modified Choi criteria, and the CT size and attenuation criteria (SACT).

Real time shear waves elastography monitoring of thermal ablation: in vivo evaluation in pig livers.

Background: Thermal ablation is a widely used minimally invasive treatment modality for different cancers. However, lack of a real-time imaging system for accurate evaluation of the procedure is one of the reasons of local recurrences. Shear waves elastography (SWE) is a new ultrasound (US) imaging modality to quantify tissue stiffness.