Fetal hepatocytes protect the HSPC genome via fetuin-A.

The maintenance of genomic integrity in rapidly proliferating cells is a substantial challenge during embryonic development. Although numerous cell-intrinsic mechanisms have been revealed, little is known about genome-protective effects and influences of developmental tissue microenvironments on tissue-forming cells. Here we show that fetal liver hepatocytes provide protection to haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) genomes.

Swallowing Kinematics in Male Patients with Total Laryngectomy.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the symptomatic swallowing complaints in individuals with total laryngectomy (TL) and reveal how swallowing kinematics differs between those with and without symptomatic dysphagia complaints.

Methods: A total of 34 subjects with TL were included in the study. Swallowing kinematics of those with symptomatic swallowing complaints (Group 1) were compared to those without (Group 2).

Artificial intelligence based diagnosis of sulcus: assesment of videostroboscopy via deep learning.

Purpose: To develop a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model for classifying videostroboscopic images of patients with sulcus, benign vocal fold (VF) lesions, and healthy VFs to improve clinicians' accuracy in diagnosis during videostroboscopies when evaluating sulcus.

Materials And Methods: Videostroboscopies of 433 individuals who were diagnosed with sulcus (91), who were diagnosed with benign VF diseases (i.e.

Oncogene drives acute myeloid leukemia via a targetable interaction with CTBP2.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) driven by the activation of due to chromosome 3q26/ rearrangements is incurable. Because transcription factors such as EVI1 are notoriously hard to target, insight into the mechanism by which EVI1 drives myeloid transformation could provide alternative avenues for therapy. Applying protein folding predictions combined with proteomics technologies, we demonstrate that interaction of EVI1 with CTBP1 and CTBP2 via a single PLDLS motif is indispensable for leukemic transformation.

Clinical Pharmacist-Led Medication Review in Hospitalized Confirmed or Probable Patients with COVID-19 During the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: Drug-related problems (DRPs) result in serious problems among hospitalized patients, high rates of morbidity and mortality, and increased healthcare costs. This study aimed to identify DRPs by clinical pharmacist-led medication review in hospitalized probable patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the COVID-19 inpatient services of a tertiary university hospital in Türkiye for 3 months (between March 2020 and June 2020) and included hospitalized confirmed or probable COVID-19 patients.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of our patients diagnosed with laryngeal dystonia.

Purpose: Laryngeal dystonia (LD) is a focal dystonia affecting laryngeal musculature with no known etiology or cure. The present study evaluated the sociodemographic and clinical features of patients diagnosed with LD.

Materials And Methods: All patients diagnosed with LD at our University Hospital's Ear, Nose, and Throat Department between January 2017 and July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.

Evaluation of Post-Swallow Residue with Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety in Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease.

Dysphagia is common in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) and is associated with impairments in both swallowing safety and swallowing efficiency. The goals of this study were to define post-swallow residue patterns in people with IPD and describe pathophysiological endoscopic findings affecting residue accumulation. This was a prospective single-blinded cross-sectional cohort study of patients with the diagnosis of IPD recruited from a Movement Disorder Clinic.

Quality of Office-based Procedure Training During Laryngology Fellowship.

Objectives: The primary objective was to assess the perspectives of recent laryngology fellowship graduates on office-based procedure training, with a secondary objective to compare this with previous research on perspectives of fellowship directors.

Methods: Recent laryngology fellowship graduates were surveyed via an online survey platform regarding post-fellowship practice and various aspects of office-based procedure training, including perceived competence, mentorship, and barriers.

Results: There were 51 respondents.

Functional and molecular profiling of hematopoietic stem cells during regeneration.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) enable hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) through their ability to replenish the entire blood system. Proliferation of HSCs is linked to decreased reconstitution potential, and a precise regulation of actively dividing HSCs is thus essential to ensure long-term functionality. This regulation becomes important in the transplantation setting where HSCs undergo proliferation followed by a gradual transition to quiescence and homeostasis.

Medication Reconciliation Service in Hospitalized Patients with Infectious Diseases During Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic: An Observational Study.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and type of medication discrepancies and factors associated with unintentional discrepancies and identify the rate of hospital readmission and emergency service visit within 30 days after discharge among hospitalized patients with infectious diseases and receiving clinical pharmacist-led medication reconciliation during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Materials And Methods: This observational study was conducted in the internal medicine and infectious diseases wards of a tertiary university hospital between July 2020 and February 2021 among hospitalized adult patients with infectious diseases. Medication reconciliation service (including patient counseling) was provided in person or by telephone.

Virtual Reality for Pain Management During High-Resolution Manometry: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: High-resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders. HRM is typically performed in the office with local anesthesia only, and many patients find it unpleasant and painful. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the use of a virtual reality (VR) headset on pain and anxiety outcomes in patients with dysphagia undergoing HRM.

Effect of the povidone iodine, hypertonic alkaline solution and saline nasal lavage on nasopharyngeal viral load in COVID-19.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the in vivo activity of nasal irrigation (NI) with saline, NI with povidone-iodine (PVP-I) 1%, NI with a mix of hypertonic alkaline and PVP-I 1% against Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Design: This study was a prospective randomised clinical trial.

Setting: A multicenter study involving tertiary care centres.

Injury primes mutation-bearing astrocytes for dedifferentiation in later life.

Despite their latent neurogenic potential, most normal parenchymal astrocytes fail to dedifferentiate to neural stem cells in response to injury. In contrast, aberrant lineage plasticity is a hallmark of gliomas, and this suggests that tumor suppressors may constrain astrocyte dedifferentiation. Here, we show that p53, one of the most commonly inactivated tumor suppressors in glioma, is a gatekeeper of astrocyte fate.

Tracking the evolution of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma under dynamic immune selection by multi-omics sequencing.

Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) has been linked to decreased efficacy of clinical treatments. However, although genomic ITH has been characterized in genetic, transcriptomic and epigenetic alterations are hallmarks of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the extent to which these are heterogeneous in ESCC has not been explored in a unified framework. Further, the extent to which tumor-infiltrated T lymphocytes are directed against cancer cells, but how the immune infiltration acts as a selective force to shape the clonal evolution of ESCC is unclear.

Development of an Animal Model for Type II Sulcus (Sulcus Vergeture).

Objectives: To develop a reproducible experimental animal model for sulcus vergeture in rabbits.

Study Design: Experimental animal study.

Material Method: We evaluated three methods of inducing sulcus in twelve New Zealand white rabbits to produce a sulcus model.

Duration of Clinical Response After In-Office Steroid Injection for Vocal Fold Scar.

Objective: To assess the duration of clinical response after in-office vocal fold steroid injection (VFSI) for vocal fold (VF) scar.

Methods: Demographic and clinical data for in-office VFSI occurring from 2017 to 2020 were collected. Two Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) used perceptual evaluation of voice and functional scales to evaluate blinded voice and laryngovideostroboscopy (LVS) samples collected pre- and post-injection across multiple timepoints.

Regulome analysis in B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia exposes Core Binding Factor addiction as a therapeutic vulnerability.

The ETV6-RUNX1 onco-fusion arises in utero, initiating a clinically silent pre-leukemic state associated with the development of pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). We characterize the ETV6-RUNX1 regulome by integrating chromatin immunoprecipitation- and RNA-sequencing and show that ETV6-RUNX1 functions primarily through competition for RUNX1 binding sites and transcriptional repression. In pre-leukemia, this results in ETV6-RUNX1 antagonization of cell cycle regulation by RUNX1 as evidenced by mass cytometry analysis of B-lineage cells derived from ETV6-RUNX1 knock-in human pluripotent stem cells.

A single-center multidisciplinary study analyzing thyroid nodule risk stratification by comparing the thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) and American thyroid association (ATA) risk of malignancy for thyroid nodules.

Objectives: The thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) and 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines are two well-known risk stratification systems for classifying thyroid nodules based on cancer risk. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of these two systems in predicting malignancy in patients undergoing thyroid surgery.

Methods: We studied data on 120 individuals who were scheduled to undergo surgery for benign or malignant nodular diseases of the thyroid gland between October 2017 and October 2019.

Single-cell sequencing reveals CD133CD44-originating evolution and novel stemness related variants in human colorectal cancer.

Background: Tumor heterogeneity of human colorectal cancer (CRC)-initiating cells (CRCICs) in cancer tissues often represents aggressive features of cancer progression. For high-resolution examination of CRCICs, we performed single-cell whole-exome sequencing (scWES) and bulk cell targeted exome sequencing (TES) of CRCICs to investigate stemness-specific somatic alterations or clonal evolution.

Methods: Single cells of three subpopulations of CRCICs (CD133CD44, CD133CD44, and CD133CD44 cells), CRC cells (CRCCs), and control cells from one CRC tissue were sorted for scWES.

Evaluation of periodontal status and cytokine levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

Background: Periodontal diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD, ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn disease [CD]) have been reported to present with increased salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) concentrations of cytokines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary and GCF levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-17A and their associations with the periodontal statuses of UC, CD, and non-IBD patients, and to analyze the interrelationships among these cytokines, IBD conditions, and periodontal diseases.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with a total of 131 patients (62 women and 69 men, mean age 42.

Molecular detection of Papillomavirus and immunohistochemical investigation of p53 gene expressions in bovine papillomas and fibropapillomas.

Papilloma and fibropapilloma cases are quite common in cattle breeding, which cause economic losses due to decrease in the production of milk, meat, and also impair the quality of hide. In this study, we aimed to determine viral etiology and investigate p53 expression levels with immunohistochemical methods from a total of 30 cases. The study material was collected between 2013 and 2021 in Kars, Turkey.

An instructive role for Interleukin-7 receptor α in the development of human B-cell precursor leukemia.

Kinase signaling fuels growth of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). Yet its role in leukemia initiation is unclear and has not been shown in primary human hematopoietic cells. We previously described activating mutations in interleukin-7 receptor alpha (IL7RA) in poor-prognosis "ph-like" BCP-ALL.

Histopathological Review of Diagnostic Categories of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology - An Institutional Experience of 6 Years.

Introduction: Salivary gland malignancies account for 2 to 4% of head and neck cancers. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is used in preoperative diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. Although FNAC is a highly reliable technique for preoperative diagnosis, there were no consensus on salivary gland cytopathology reporting.