Bayesian reconstruction of surface shape from phaseless scattered acoustic data.

The recovery of the properties or geometry of a rough surface from scattered sound is of interest in many applications, including medicine, water engineering, or structural health monitoring. Existing approaches to reconstruct the roughness profile of a scattering surface based on wave scattering have no intrinsic way of predicting the uncertainty of the reconstruction. In an attempt to recover this uncertainty, a Bayesian framework, and more explicitly, an adaptive Metropolis scheme, is used to infer the properties of a rough surface, parameterised as a superposition of sinusoidal components.

Unraveling the pathogenesis of viral-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension: Possible new therapeutic avenues with mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe condition characterized by elevated pressure in the pulmonary artery, where metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to its progression. Within the PH spectrum, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) stands out with its primary pulmonary vasculopathy. PAH's prevalence varies from 0.

Assessing the performance of a robust multiparametric wearable patch integrating silicon-based sensors for real-time continuous monitoring of sweat biomarkers.

The development of wearable devices for sweat analysis has experienced significant growth in the last two decades, being the main focus the monitoring of athletes health during workouts. One of the main challenges of these approaches has been to attain the continuous monitoring of sweat for time periods over 1 h. This is the main challenge addressed in this work by designing an analytical platform that combines the high performance of potentiometric sensors and a fluidic structure made of a plastic fabric into a multiplexed wearable device.

Long-Term Survival of Patients With Cancer, Sepsis, and Vasopressor Requirements Based on Lactate Levels.

A prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the 1-year survival of cancer patients with sepsis and vasopressor requirements. Eligible patients were admitted a Comprehensive Cancer Center's ICU and were compared based on their admission lactate levels. Of the 132 included patients, 87 (66%) had high lactate (HL; > 2.

A Phase I Dose-Escalation Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Knee Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are promising cell-based therapy for OA. However, there is still a need for additional randomized, dose-dependent studies to determine the optimal dose and tissue source of MSC for improved clinical outcomes.

Delirium after Cardiac Surgery-A Narrative Review.

Postoperative delirium (POD) after cardiac surgery is a well-known phenomenon which carries a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Multiple patient-specific risk factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms have been identified and therapies have been proposed to mitigate risk of delirium development postoperatively. Notably, cardiac surgery frequently involves the use of an intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which may contribute to the mechanisms responsible for POD.

Incidence of traffic light labelling on noncommunicable diseases: a roadmap for achieving sustainable development.

The production and diversity of the supply of food products has grown exponentially in recent decades, along with the increase in cardiovascular diseases associated with poor diet. Among the factors, one of the most important is the lack of information for the consumer when purchasing. The present work evaluates the impact of implementing the traffic light labelling of foods in reducing deaths due to Noncommunicable Diseases (NCD).

Management of respiratory failure in immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced overlap syndrome: a case series and review of the literature.

Background: Checkpoint inhibitor-induced overlap syndrome ([OS] myocarditis, and myositis with or without myasthenia gravis) is rare but life-threatening.

Cases Presentation: Here we present a case series of four cancer patients that developed OS. High troponinemia raised the concern for myocarditis in all the cases.

Impact of alternative food on predator diet in a Leslie-Gower model with prey refuge and Holling Ⅱ functional response.

Since certain prey hide from predators to protect themselves within their habitats, predators are forced to change their diet due to a lack of prey for consumption, or on the contrary, subsist only with alternative food provided by the environment. Therefore, in this paper, we propose and mathematically contrast a predator-prey, where alternative food for predators is either considered or not when the prey population size is above the refuge threshold size. Since the model with no alternative food for predators has a Hopf bifurcation and a transcritical bifurcation, in addition to a stable limit cycle surrounding the unique interior equilibrium, such bifurcation cases are transferred to the model when considering alternative food for predators when the prey size is above the refuge.

Monitoring of the Initial Stages of Diamond Growth on Aluminum Nitride Using In Situ Spectroscopic Ellipsometry.

The high thermal conductivity of polycrystalline diamond makes it ideally suited for thermal management solutions for gallium nitride (GaN) devices, with a diamond layer grown on an aluminum nitride (AlN) interlayer atop the GaN stack. However, this application is limited by the thermal barrier at the interface between diamond and substrate, which has been associated with the transition region formed in the initial phases of growth. In this work, in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is employed to monitor early-stage microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition diamond growth on AlN.

Multisensing Wearables for Real-Time Monitoring of Sweat Electrolyte Biomarkers During Exercise and Analysis on Their Correlation With Core Body Temperature.

Sweat secreted by the human eccrine sweat glands can provide valuable biomarker information during exercise. Real-time non-invasive biomarker recordings are therefore useful for evaluating the physiological conditions of an athlete such as their hydration status during endurance exercise. This work describes a wearable sweat biomonitoring patch incorporating printed electrochemical sensors into a plastic microfluidic sweat collector and data analysis that shows the real-time recorded sweat biomarkers can be used to predict a physiological biomarker.

A novel porous hydrogel based on hybrid gelation for injectable and tough scaffold implantation and tissue engineering applications.

Although there have been many advances in injectable hydrogels as scaffolds for tissue engineering or as payload-containing vehicles, the lack of adequate microporosity for the desired cell behavior, tissue integration, and successful tissue generation remains an important drawback. Herein, we describe an effective porous injectable system that allowsformation of pores through conventional syringe injection at room temperature. This system is based on the differential melting profiles of photocrosslinkable salmon gelatin and physically crosslinked porogens of porcine gelatin (PG), in which PG porogens are solid beads, while salmon methacrylamide gelatin remains liquid during the injection procedure.

Genotyping by Sequencing for SNP-Based Linkage Analysis and the Development of KASPar Markers for Male Sterility and Polyembryony in Citrus.

Polyembryony and male sterility (MS) are essential characters for citrus breeding. MS, coupled with parthenocarpy, allows for addressing the diversification of diploid seedless mandarin varieties, and nucleocytoplasmic MS is the most prevalent system. Polyembryony limits the use of seed parents in scion breeding programs, and the recovery of monoembryonic hybrids to be used as female parents is a crucial pre-breeding component.

Humanizing the intensive care unit experience in a comprehensive cancer center: A patient- and family-centered improvement study.

Objectives: Improving family-centered outcomes is a priority in oncologic critical care. As part of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Collaborative, we implemented patient- and family-centered initiatives in a comprehensive cancer center.

Methods: A multidisciplinary team was created to implement the initiatives.

Sepsis-Related Outcomes of Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.

We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to study the sepsis-related outcomes in patients with Philadelphia negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). A total of 82,087 patients were included, most had essential thrombocytosis (83.7%), followed by polycythemia vera (13.

Clinical Characteristics and Cause of Death Among Hospitalized Decedents With Cancer and COVID-19.

There is scant information on the clinical progression, end-of-life decisions, and cause of death of patients with cancer diagnosed with COVID-19. Therefore, we conducted a case series of patients admitted to a comprehensive cancer center who did not survive their hospitalization. To determine the cause of death, 3 board-certified intensivists reviewed the electronic medical records.

Sepsis-related outcomes of patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms.

We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to study the sepsis-related outcomes in patients with Philadelphia negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). A total of 82,087 patients were included, most had essential thrombocytosis (83.7%), followed by polycythemia vera (13.

Safety and efficacy of clinical-grade, cryopreserved menstrual blood mesenchymal stromal cells in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Treatment for critical care conditions, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requires ready-to-administer injectable mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). A validated cryopreserved therapy based on MSCs derived from menstrual blood (MenSCs) is an attractive option that offers advantages over freshly cultured cells and allows its use as an off-the-shelf therapy in acute clinical conditions. The main goal of this study is to provide evidence on the impact of cryopreservation on different biological functions of MenSCs and to determine the optimal therapeutic dose, safety, and efficacy profile of clinical-grade, cryopreserved (cryo)-MenSCs in experimental ARDS.

Effect of Neuro-Adaptive Electrostimulation Therapy versus Sham for Refractory Urge Urinary Incontinence Due to Overactive Bladder: A Randomized Single-Blinded Trial.

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the success rate of neuro-adaptive therapy (NAT), applied with a specific neuro-adaptive regulator device, the Self-Controlled Electro Neuro-Adaptive Regulation (SCENAR), versus a sham for urge incontinence due to an overactive bladder (OAB). From February 2019 to May 2021, 66 patients were recruited. All subjects were randomized 1:1 at the first intervention visit to the NAT or sham procedure.

Design and manufacture of a reinforced fuselage structure through automatic laying-up and in-situ consolidation with co-consolidation of skin and stringers using thermoplastic composite materials.

Thermoplastic composites can be used to construct safer and more efficient aircraft fuselage structures. They provide significant weight reduction compared to conventional metallic materials, reducing the fuel consumption of the aircraft and increasing its performance and profitability. In this study, we designed and manufactured a level 2* flat fuselage specimen.

A Psychrophilic GelMA: Breaking Technical and Immunological Barriers for Multimaterial High-Resolution 3D Bioprinting.

The increasing demand for tissue replacement has encouraged scientists worldwide to focus on developing new biofabrication technologies. Multimaterials/cells printed with stringent resolutions are necessary to address the high complexity of tissues. Advanced inkjet 3D printing can use multimaterials and attain high resolution and complexity of printed structures.

Drone noise directivity and psychoacoustic evaluation using a hemispherical microphone array.

This paper proposes an experimental setup for measuring the sound radiation of a quadrotor drone using a hemispherical microphone array. The measured sound field is decomposed into spherical harmonics, which enables the evaluation of the radiation pattern to non-probed positions. Additionally, the measurement setup allows the assessment of noise emission and psychoacoustic metrics at a wide range of angles.