Mechanisms and benefits of cardiac rehabilitation in individuals with stroke: emerging role of its impact on improving cardiovascular and neurovascular health.

Human and animal studies have demonstrated the mechanisms and benefits of aerobic exercise for both cardiovascular and neurovascular health. Aerobic exercise induces neuroplasticity and neurophysiologic reorganization of brain networks, improves cerebral blood flow, and increases whole-body VO2 (peak oxygen consumption). The effectiveness of a structured cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program is well established and a vital part of the continuum of care for people with cardiovascular disease.

Three-dimensional spin-wave dynamics, localization and interference in a synthetic antiferromagnet.

Spin waves are collective perturbations in the orientation of the magnetic moments in magnetically ordered materials. Their rich phenomenology is intrinsically three-dimensional; however, the three-dimensional imaging of spin waves has so far not been possible. Here, we image the three-dimensional dynamics of spin waves excited in a synthetic antiferromagnet, with nanoscale spatial resolution and sub-ns temporal resolution, using time-resolved magnetic laminography.

Integrating Cardiac Rehabilitation in Stroke Recovery.

Stroke remains a top contributor to long-term disability in the United States and substantially limits a person's physical activity. Decreased cardiovascular capacity is a major contributing factor to activity limitations and is a significant health concern. Addressing the cardiovascular capacity of stroke survivors as part of poststroke management results in significant improvements in their endurance, functional recovery, and medical outcomes such as all-cause rehospitalization and mortality.

Does Smartphone Use Affect a Subsequent Swimming Training Session? Preliminary Results in Amateur Triathletes.

To date, the literature has failed to individuate a clear motivation for the performance decrement after a mental fatigue-inducing task. This study aimed to evaluate biomechanical and perceptual variables during a swimming training session in different mental fatigue states. Seven amateur triathletes watched a documentary, utilized a smartphone, or performed an AX-CPT for 45 min randomly on three different days.

Burnout and Wellness Strategies Used by Academic Physiatry Programs: An Analysis and Perspective From the AAP Chairs Council.

Physiatrists are at elevated risk of burnout, a work-related exhaustion syndrome resulting from chronic stress associated with emotionally draining work demands. The high reported rate of burnout in physical medicine and rehabilitation led the Association of Academic Physiatrists Chair Council to convene a workgroup to address burnout among academic physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians. The council recognizes that leaders of departments are accountable for all organizational stakeholders, including faculty, trainees, and staff.

Factors Associated With Burnout in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residents in the United States.

Objectives: The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of burnout in physical medicine and rehabilitation residents in the United States and to identify the personal- and program-specific characteristics most strongly associated with residents reporting burnout.

Design: This was a cross-sectional survey of US physical medicine and rehabilitation residents. Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and burnout were assessed using two validated items from the Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Stroke Recovery Program with Modified Cardiac Rehabilitation Improves Mortality, Functional & Cardiovascular Performance.

Background: Physical activity and exercise after stroke is strongly recommended, providing many positive influences on function and secondary stroke prevention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a stroke recovery program (SRP) integrating modified cardiac rehabilitation on mortality and functional outcomes for stroke survivors.

Methods: This study used a retrospective analysis of data from a prospectively collected stroke rehabilitation database which followed 449 acute stroke survivors discharged from an inpatient rehabilitation facility between 2015 and 2020.

Focal Peripheral Neuropathies Observed in Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19: A Case Series.

A growing number of studies have documented a wide variety of neurological manifestations associated with the novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Of the available literature, cranial neuropathies and central nervous system disorders, such as encephalopathy and ischemic strokes, remain the predominant discussion. Limited investigations exist examining peripheral neuropathies of those with COVID-19.

Challenges and Lessons Learned for Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation of Persons With COVID-19: Clinical Presentation, Assessment, Needs, and Services Utilization.

Objective: The aim of the study was to present: (1) physiatric care delivery amid the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, (2) challenges, (3) data from the first cohort of post-COVID-19 inpatient rehabilitation facility patients, and (4) lessons learned by a research consortium of New York and New Jersey rehabilitation institutions.

Design: For this clinical descriptive retrospective study, data were extracted from post-COVID-19 patient records treated at a research consortium of New York and New Jersey rehabilitation inpatient rehabilitation facilities (May 1-June 30, 2020) to characterize admission criteria, physical space, precautions, bed numbers, staffing, employee wellness, leadership, and family communication. For comparison, data from the Uniform Data System and eRehabData databases were analyzed.

Impact of Modified Cardiac Rehabilitation Within a Stroke Recovery Program on All-Cause Hospital Readmissions.

Objective: A Stroke Recovery Program (SRP) including cardiac rehabilitation demonstrated lower all-cause mortality rates, improved cardiovascular function, and overall functional ability among stroke survivors. Neither an effect of SRP on acute care hospital readmission rates nor cost savings have been reported.

Design: This prospective matched cohort study included 193 acute stroke survivors admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility between 2015 and 2017.

Association of Academic Physiatrists Women's Task Force Follow-up Report.

The Association of Academic Physiatrists convened a Women's Task Force in 2016, under the leadership of then Association of Academic Physiatrists President Gerard Francisco, MD, to evaluate data and metrics pertaining to the representation and inclusion of female physiatrists in the society. An initial published report focused on a retrospective analysis of data in categories such as leadership, conference presentations, and recognition awards. The findings, which highlighted areas in which the Association of Academic Physiatrists had been successful in supporting gender equity as well as areas in which female physiatrists were underrepresented, provided a base from which to strategically focus on closing gaps in representation.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Milestone Evaluation Project: Development of Standardized Rotation-Specific Milestone-Incorporated Faculty-of-Resident Evaluation Tools.

This tri-institutional study describes the outcomes of utilization of newly developed, standardized, rotation-specific evaluations for faculty assessment of resident achievement of the physical medicine and rehabilitation milestones. Thirty-six physical medicine and rehabilitation faculty, representing three distinct academic institutions, completed a prestudy survey on the adequacy of the rotation-generic resident evaluation tools historically in use at each institution. During the 2016-2017 academic year, faculty in all three institutions consistently used a new set of rotation-specific milestone-incorporated evaluation tools.

Pulmonary Embolism After Acute Spinal Cord Injury and COVID-19.

The coronavirus virus disease 2019 is best known for its pulmonary sequelae. Understanding of the disease process is rapidly growing, and the medical community already appreciates a hypercoagulable state associated with coronavirus virus disease 2019. Acute spinal cord injury has an inherent increased risk for venous thromboembolism.

Impact of a Stroke Recovery Program Integrating Modified Cardiac Rehabilitation on All-Cause Mortality, Cardiovascular Performance and Functional Performance.

Objective: Using a feasibility analysis and matched subgroup analysis, this study investigated the implementation/safety/outcomes of a stroke recovery program (SRP) integrating modified cardiac rehabilitation for stroke survivors.

Design: This prospective cohort study of 783 stroke survivors were discharged from an inpatient rehabilitation facility to an outpatient setting; 136 SRP-participants completed a feasibility study and received the SRP including modified cardiac rehabilitation, 473 chose standard of care rehabilitation (nonparticipants), and a group (n = 174) were excluded. The feasibility study assessed the following: safety/mortality/pre-post cardiovascular performance/pre-post function/patient/staff perspective.

The Vital Role of Professionalism in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

Professionalism in medicine is universally embraced, and it is the foundation for core competencies in medical education, clinical practice, and research. Physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians must master a complex body of knowledge and use this to responsibly care for patients. Rehabilitation professionals work in various settings; however, each one must establish and maintain ethical standards consistent with the specialty and national standards.

Molecular Epidemiology and Virulence Profiles of Colistin-Resistant Blood Isolates From the Hospital Agency "Ospedale dei Colli," Naples, Italy.

Resistance to colistin is increasingly reported in clinical isolates. The aim of this study was to analyze the molecular epidemiology and virulence profiles of 25 colistin-resistant blood isolates from the Hospital Agency "Ospedale dei Colli," Naples, Italy, during 2015 and 2016. Colistin MIC values of isolates ranged from 4 to 256 mg/L.

Association of Academic Physiatrists Women's Task Force Report.

The Association of Academic Physiatrists (AAP) convened a women's task force in 2016, and the members agreed on a list of metrics that would permit retrospective data review pertaining to the representation and inclusion of women physicians in the society. Examples of categories examined included leadership positions (i.e.

Gait and balance in the aging population: Fall prevention using innovation and technology.

On a global basis, adults 65 years of age and older experience falls more frequently than younger individuals, and these often result in severe injuries as well as increased healthcare costs. Gait and balance disorders in this population are among the most common causes of falls and negatively influence quality of life and survivorship. Although falls are a major public health problem and guidelines/recommendations are available to physicians, many are fully aware of different assessments, tools, and resources available for intervention.

A Novel IncA/C1 Group Conjugative Plasmid, Encoding VIM-1 Metallo-Beta-Lactamase, Mediates the Acquisition of Carbapenem Resistance in ST104 Isolates from Neonates in the Intensive Care Unit of V. Monaldi Hospital in Naples.

The emergence of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae has raised major public health concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology and the mechanism of carbapenem resistance acquisition of multidrug-resistant isolates from 20 neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the V. Monaldi Hospital in Naples, Italy, from April 2015 to March 2016.

Increased rate of penicillin non-susceptible strains of N. meningitidis in Naples, Italy.

Neisseria meningitidis is a causative agent of community-acquired sepsis and meningitis in humans. These diseases are associated with high mortality and morbidity if treatment is not started promptly. The empiric antibiotic treatment depends on patient factors and local epidemiology.