Surgical Insight-guided Deep Learning for Colorectal Lesion Management.

Background: Colonoscopy stands as a pivotal diagnostic tool in identifying gastrointestinal diseases, including potentially malignant tumors. The procedure, however, faces challenges in the precise identification of lesions during visual inspections. The recent strides in AI and machine learning technologies have opened avenues for enhanced medical imaging analysis, including in the field of colonoscopy.

Evaluation of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas and nodular goiter.

Background: The role of vitamin D has previously been determined in autoimmune and malignant thyroid diseases. We aimed to identify the haplotype distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, which has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of differentiated thyroid cancers and benign thyroid diseases.

Methods: Two hundred and sixteen patients, 113 with benign and 103 with differentiated thyroid cancers, together with the same number of healthy controls, were included in the study.

High-Frame-Rate Contrast-Enhanced Echocardiography Using Diverging Waves: 2-D Motion Estimation and Compensation.

Combining diverging ultrasound waves and microbubbles could improve contrast-enhanced echocardiography (CEE), by providing enhanced temporal resolution for cardiac function assessment over a large imaging field of view. However, current image formation techniques using coherent summation of echoes from multiple steered diverging waves (DWs) are susceptible to tissue and microbubble motion artifacts, resulting in poor image quality. In this study, we used correlation-based 2-D motion estimation to perform motion compensation for CEE using DWs.

What's the risk? Assessment of patients with stable chest pain.

In 2010, the National Institute for Heath and Clinical Excellence published guidelines for the management of stable chest pain of recent onset. Implementation has occurred to various degrees throughout the NHS; however, its effectiveness has yet to be proved. A retrospective study was undertaken to assess the impact and relevance of this guideline, comparing the estimated risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) with angiographic outcomes.

Effects of circadian rhythm disorders on wound healing and strength of bowel anastomosis in rats.

Introduction: Many body systems, especially the immune system, are affected by circadian rhythm disorders (CRDs). This study investigated the effects of shift lag on wound healing and bowel anastomosis in rats.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: placebo, control, and experimental.

Open tension-free Cooper ligament repair for femoral hernia.

Many techniques have been described for the repair of femoral hernia. The technique applying the principles of the tension-free method of McVay's Cooper ligament repair by covering all potential hernia sites in the myopectineal orifice with a mesh has also been described, but no report has yet been published with large number of cases and long follow-up period. We used this technique in 28 patients (19 females and 9 males) with femoral hernia.

Carboxymethylcellulose coated on visceral face of polypropylene mesh prevents adhesion without impairing wound healing in incisional hernia model in rats.

Adhesions between viscera and mesh may result in intestinal obstruction and fistulae formation. Fewer adhesions with sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC)-coated polypropylene mesh (PM) has been reported, but impaired wound healing was the major concern. We investigated the adhesion-prevention effect of SCMC in different concentrations, as coating only on visceral face of PM and its effects on wound healing.

Is minisite cholecystectomy less traumatic? Prospective randomized study comparing minisite and conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomies.

The main objectives of minisite cholecystectomy (MC) are to have smaller incisions, better cosmetic results, less trauma, and a lower morbidity rate. This prospective randomized study compares MC with conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC) in terms of surgical trauma and cosmetic results in 44 patients. Conversion from MC to CLC was required in five patients.

Comparison of local and general anesthesia in tension-free (Lichtenstein) hernioplasty: a prospective randomized trial.

To compare pulmonary effects, postoperative pain and fatigue, morbidity, patient satisfaction, and cost of different anesthetic techniques for inguinal hernia repair, 50 patients were randomized to local and general anesthesia groups (LA and GA). All patients received the same premedications and the same postoperative analgesic regimen. The standardized postoperative analgesic, intramuscular pyroxicam 20 mg, was given to all patients in the recovery room and an additional 20 mg on the same day was given as requested by each patient.

Imprint cytology in the endoscopic diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancies.

Background/aims: To compare imprint cytology with histopathology regarding diagnostic accuracies and quickness in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancies.

Methodology: Multiple endoscopic biopsies were taken from 146 patients having various lesions without a prior histopathological diagnosis. Imprint smears were prepared, using all biopsied tissues, on 3-5 slides.

Mitomycin-C prevents reformation of intra-abdominal adhesions after adhesiolysis.

Background: Prevention of adhesions is central to surgical practice, because they cause significant morbidity. Inhibition of fibroblast proliferation is a way to prevent adhesions. Mitomycin-C (MMC) (Kyowa-Hakko-Kogyo Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) is an alkylating agent that also inhibits fibroblast proliferation for up to a few weeks.

The influence of omentectomy on the inflammatory phase of anastomotic healing.

Background/aims: Proper wound healing of the alimentary tract is essential for the prevention of the significant mortality and morbidity associated with complications. The effects of omentectomy on the inflammatory phase of anastomotic healing in rats were examined.

Methodology: Sixty male Wistar-Albino rats that weighed about 200-220 g were used in this study.

Lack of evidence that obesity is a cause of pilonidal sinus disease.

Objective: To find out whether pilonidal sinus is more common among obese people.

Design: Retrospective study from hospital records.

Setting: Two university hospitals, Turkey.

Post-traumatic combined transdiaphragmatic intercostal and lumbar hernia.

Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm following blunt trauma is rare. Lumbar hernia in association with blunt trauma is even rarer. To our knowledge, the combination of these two entities has not previously been reported.

An experimental study evaluating the effect of Mitomycin C on the prevention of postoperative intraabdominal adhesions.

Background: Fibroblast proliferation is one of the well-known mechanisms for postoperative intraabdominal adhesion formation. Inhibition of fibroblast proliferation is an attractive field of investigation in the prevention of adhesions. Mitomycin C (MMC) is a cytotoxic agent that alkylates and crosslinks DNA and also inhibits fibroblast proliferation up to a few weeks.

The role of obesity on the recurrence of pilonidal sinus disease in patients, who were treated by excision and Limberg flap transposition.

Recurrence of pilonidal sinus disease after surgical intervention is not a very rare problem although sophisticated reconstruction procedures have been developed. Recurrence is thought to be related to the anatomical status of the patients, i.e.

Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm.

Diaphragmatic rupture following trauma is often an associated and missed injury. The diagnosis is difficult, so is usually made intraoperatively. Twenty-one patients with traumatic rupture of the diaphragm (TRD) who presented between 1995 and 1998 were retrospectively analysed: 12 had penetrating injuries and nine had blunt injuries.

Imprint cytology in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori. Does imprinting damage the biopsy specimen?

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of imprint cytology in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection and whether it damages the biopsy specimen for subsequent histologic examination.

Study Design: Two antral biopsies were taken from 76 patients with dyspeptic symptoms undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Imprint cytology was made from the first specimen.

Experimental study on the role of mast cells in peritoneal adhesion formation.

Objective: To investigate the potential role of mast cell stabilisation in the prevention of post-operative adhesions.

Design: Laboratory animal experiment.

Setting: University hospital, Turkey.