Functionalized Metal Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy.

Currently, there are many studies on the application of nanotechnology in therapy. Metallic nanoparticles are promising nanomaterials in cancer therapy; however, functionalization of these nanoparticles with biomolecules has become relevant as their effect on cancer cells is considerably increased by photothermal and photodynamic therapies, drug nanocarriers, and specificity by antibodies, resulting in new therapies that are more specific against different types of cancer. This review describes studies on the effect of functionalized palladium, gold, silver and platinum nanoparticles in the treatment of cancer, these nanoparticles themselves show an anticancer effect.

Effect of berrycactus fruit () on glutamate, glutamine, and GABA levels in the frontal cortex of rats fed with a high-fat diet.

In addition to the known metabolic alterations, obesity has consequences at the brain level, driving imbalance in neurotransmitters such as glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The consumption of fruits with antioxidant properties, such as the berrycactus , could have beneficial effects in such an imbalance. The study objective was to evaluate frontal cortex neurotransmitter levels and weight changes in rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) and .

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La creciente epidemia de obesidad ha sido uno de los retos más importantes de salud pública en México durante los últimos años. Con apoyo de la Federación Mundial de Obesidad, en 2021 formamos un grupo de profesionales para identificar y resumir las acciones prioritarias en las que puede enfocarse nuestro país para hacer frente a esta epidemia. Al proceso de desarrollo y discusión de este grupo se sumaron más de 1 000 profesionales de la salud para retomar recomendaciones de documentos y guías de alto nivel previamente publicados.

High-fat and combined high-fat-high-fructose diets impair episodic-like memory and decrease glutamate and glutamine in the hippocampus of adult mice.

Background: Diet-induced obesity is associated with premature cognitive decline. Elevated consumption of fats and sugars in humans and rodents has been associated with deficits in recognition memory, which is modulated by the hippocampus. Alterations in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in this area have been observed after hypercaloric diets, but the effects on episodic-like memory are not conclusive.

Clinical Data, Comorbidities, and Mortality of COVID-19 in the State of Guanajuato, Mexico until May 20, 2020.

Introduction: In December 2019, cases of pneumonia of unknown cause arose in Wuhan, China. The causative agent was subsequently identified as 2019-nCoV and later called SARS-CoV-2. In Mexico, since January 2020 when the first cases were reported, the spread of the infection has occurred throughout the country.

Cancer prevention programmes in Mexico: are we doing enough?

Cancer has increased in all the countries of the world and Mexico is no exception. The recognised risk factors for the main types of cancer are reviewed and searched through the Mexican government web pages and cancer prevention programmes to tackle the risk factors in the population. The Mexican government, a member of the World Health Organization, shows that the main approach is an early diagnosis rather than prevention, forgetting that an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure.

Strawberry Intake Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Decreases GABA Levels Induced by High-Fat Diet in Frontal Cortex of Rats.

It has been proposed that there is a correlation between high-fat diet (HFD), oxidative stress and decreased γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, but this has not been thoroughly demonstrated. In the present study, we determined the effects of strawberry extract intake on the oxidative stress and GABA levels in the frontal cortex (FC) of obese rats. We observed that an HFD increased lipid and protein oxidation, and decreased GABA levels.

Ultraviolet light-C increases antioxidant capacity of the strawberry () in vitro and in high-fat diet-induced obese rats.

Flavonoids and polyphenols from the strawberry and other fruits have been proposed to reduce the oxidative stress produced by the obesity and her complications. Moreover, it has been proposed that irradiation with UV-C to strawberry may increase the antioxidant capacity of this fruit. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of the UV-C on antioxidant capacity of strawberry in vitro and in vivo.

Mitochondrial content, oxidative, and nitrosative stress in human full-term placentas with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the mitochondrial content, and the oxidative and nitrosative stress of the placenta in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Full-term placentas from GDM and healthy pregnancies were collected following informed consent. The lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and oxidized protein (carbonyls) levels were determined by spectrophotometry, and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), subunit IV of cytochrome oxidase (COX4), adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and actin were determined by western blot, whereas ATPase activity was performed by determining the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption using a High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system.

A high-fat diet decreases GABA concentration in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of rats.

Background: It has been proposed that the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a key role in the regulation of food intake and body weight by controlling the excitability, plasticity and the synchronization of neuronal activity in the frontal cortex (FC). It has been also proposed that the high-fat diet (HFD) could disturb the metabolism of glutamate and consequently the GABA levels, but the mechanism is not yet clearly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a HFD on the GABA levels in the FC and hippocampus of rats.

An analytical flow injection system to measure glutamate in microdialysis samples based on an enzymatic reaction and electrochemical detection.

Glutamate (Glu) is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain for which several methods have been developed to measure this compound in extracellular brain fluids. Most of these techniques are based on coupling microdialysis to HPLC and they have a resolution time of about 10 min. Here, we present a different approach to measure Glu with a resolution of about 1 min per microdialysis sample, enabling a better relationship to be established between EEG activity and biochemical changes.