Impact of Heat and Pressure Processing Treatments on the Digestibility of Peanut, Hazelnut, Pistachio and Cashew Allergens.

Food processing can alter protein biochemical properties, impacting immunoreactivity and allergenicity. A key feature of food allergens is their resistance to enzymatic digestion, particularly by pepsin and trypsin. This study compares the digestomes of raw and heat- and/or pressure-treated peanuts, hazelnuts, pistachios and cashews using the INFOGEST harmonized digestion protocol and analyzing their IgE-binding capacity through in vitro methods.

Clinical and pre-clinical advances in the PDT/PTT strategy for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have demonstrated great potential to diagnose and combat localized cancers. As a matter of fact, these techniques are less invasive and have fewer side effects than traditional cancer treatments like surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. This review summarizes the clinical progress in the theranostics (diagnosis and treatment) of various types of regional cancers using these two light stimuli techniques, PDT and PTT.

Healthcare access, quality and financial risk protection among displaced Venezuelan women living in Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Millions of Venezuelans have been displaced because of deteriorating socio-economic conditions in their country. We examine key domains of universal health coverage among migrant Venezuelan women in Brazil: healthcare access, care quality and financial risk protection.

Methods: We collected primary data on 2012 Venezuelan women aged 15-49 who migrated to Brazil between 2018 and 2021, in the cities of Boa Vista and Manaus, along with secondary data for Brazilian women.

Macrocyclic anti-inflammatory diterpenes from the South China Sea soft coral Sinularia erecta and their isolation by combined column chromatography.

Eleven new macrocyclic casbane-type diterpenes, namely sinueracasbanones E-O (1-11), have been isolated from the South China Sea soft coral Sinularia erecta using combined column chromatography. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, the modified Mosher's method, X-ray diffraction analysis and quantum mechanical calculation methods. In bioassay, compounds 2, 5, 10 and 11 displayed interesting anti-inflammatory activities by the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α protein release with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) values of 15.

Efficiency of periodontal treatment to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of economic evaluations.

Background: To assess the efficiency of periodontal treatment (PT) in improving diabetes-related outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis, providing an updated and comprehensive synthesis from economic evaluations (EE).

Methods: Seven databases and one register were independently searched by two reviewers for articles published up to 8 May 2024. Studies that assessed the efficiency of PT versus no treatment or other dental treatments were included.

Changes in the Transcriptome Profile in Young Chickens after Infection with LaSota Newcastle Disease Virus.

Understanding gene expression changes in chicks after vaccination against Newcastle Disease (ND) can reveal vaccine biomarkers. There are limited data on chicks' early immune response after ND vaccination. Two trials focused on this knowledge gap.

Computationally Assisted Analysis of NMR Chemical Shifts as a Tool in Conformational Analysis.

A key to understanding the properties of functional molecules is to determine their conformation in solution. A conformational analysis procedure that relies on quantum mechanical calculations and the widely used DP4+ probability was evaluated to decipher the structural information encoded in NMR chemical shifts. The results underscore the potential utility of using NMR chemical shifts in advancing conformational analysis studies of complex molecules in solution.

Protection Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus Vaccine Recombinants and Chicken-Selected Vaccine Subpopulations.

Outbreaks of infectious bronchitis (IB) continue to occur from novel variants of IB virus (IBV) emerging from selection of vaccine subpopulations and/or naturally occurring recombination events. S1 sequencing of Arkansas (Ark) -type viruses obtained from clinical cases in Alabama broilers and backyard chickens shows both Ark Delmarva Poultry Industry (ArkDPI) vaccine subpopulations as well as Ark vaccine viruses showing recombination with other IB vaccine viruses. IB Ark-type isolates AL5, most similar to an ArkDPI vaccine subpopulation selected in chickens, AL4, showing a cluster of three nonsynonymous changes from ArkDPI subpopulations selected in chickens, and AL9, showing recombination with Massachusetts (Mass) -type IBV, were examined for pathogenicity and ability to break through immunity elicited by vaccination with a commercial ArkDPI vaccine.

Disposable amperometric biotool for peanut detection in processed foods by targeting a chloroplast DNA marker.

This work reports the development and application of a disposable amperometric sensor built on magnetic microcarriers coupled to an Express PCR strategy to amplify a specific DNA fragment of the chloroplast trnH-psbA. The procedure involves the selective capture of a 68-mer synthetic target DNA (or unmodified PCR products) through sandwich hybridization with RNA capture probe-modified streptavidin MBs and RNA signaling probes, labeled using antibodies specific to the heteroduplexes and secondary antibodies tagged with horseradish peroxidase. Amperometric measurements were performed on screen-printed electrodes using the HO/hydroquinone system.

Nowcasting methods to improve the performance of respiratory sentinel surveillance: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Respiratory diseases, including influenza and coronaviruses, pose recurrent global threats. This study delves into the respiratory surveillance systems, focusing on the effectiveness of SARI sentinel surveillance for total and severe cases incidence estimation. Leveraging data from the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile, we examined 2020-2023 data (a 159-week period) comparing census surveillance results of confirmed cases and hospitalizations, with sentinel surveillance.

Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis combined with pressured heating on tree nut allergenicity.

Hazelnut, pistachio and cashew are tree nuts with health benefits but also with allergenic properties being prevalent food allergens in Europe. The allergic characteristics of these tree nuts after processing combining heat, pressure and enzymatic digestion were analyzed through in vitro (Western blot and ELISA) and in vivo test (Prick-Prick). In the analyzed population, the patients sensitized to Cor a 8 (nsLTP) were predominant over those sensitized against hazelnut seed storage proteins (Sprot, Cor a 9 and 14), which displayed higher IgE reactivity.

Characterizing Factors Associated with Excess Body Weight: A Descriptive Study Using Principal Component Analysis in a Population with Overweight and Obesity.

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, making it crucial to understand how it can be effectively prevented/treated. Considering that obesity is a multifactorial condition, this article carried out a baseline cross-sectional study of the variables involved in the disorder. Eighty-four subjects with overweight/obesity were recruited.

Impact of Total Indoor Smoking Ban on Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalizations and Mortality: The Case of Chile.

Introduction: The harmful effects of first and secondhand smoking are well-established. Smoke-free laws aim at protecting nonsmokers. This study aimed to assess the impact of the 2013 total ban on indoor smoking in Chile on hospitalizations and deaths of major cardiovascular events.

OSMAC Approach and Cocultivation for the Induction of Secondary Metabolism of the Fungus .

The application of an OSMAC (One Strain-Many Compounds) approach on the fungus , isolated from a soil sample collected on the coast of Asturias (Spain), using different culture media, chemical elicitors, and cocultivation techniques resulted in the isolation and identification of nine new compounds (, , , -, ), along with 15 known ones (-, , , , -). Compounds - were detected in fungal extracts from JSA liquid fermentation, compounds - were isolated from a solid rice medium, whereas compounds and were isolated from a solid wheat medium. Addition of 5-azacytidine to the solid rice medium caused the accumulation of compounds -, whereas adding -acetyl-d-glucosamine triggered the production of two additional metabolites, and .

Induction of New Aromatic Polyketides from the Marine Actinobacterium through an OSMAC Approach.

Using the OSMAC (One Strain Many Compounds) approach, the actinobacterium , derived from an unidentified cnidarian collected from a reef near Pointe de Bellevue in Réunion Island (France), was subjected to cultivation under diverse conditions. This endeavour yielded the isolation of a repertoire of 23 secondary metabolites (-), wherein five compounds were unprecedented as natural products (-). Specifically, compounds and showcased novel anthrone backbones, while compound displayed a distinctive tetralone structure.

Effectiveness of the second COVID-19 booster against Omicron: a large-scale cohort study in Chile.

In light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, understanding the effectiveness of various booster vaccination regimens is pivotal. In Chile, using a prospective national cohort of 3.75 million individuals aged 20 or older, we evaluate the effectiveness against COVID-19-related intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and death of mRNA-based second vaccine boosters for four different three-dose background regimes: BNT162b2 primary series followed by a homologous booster, and CoronaVac primary series followed by an mRNA booster, a homologous booster, and a ChAdOx-1 booster.

Carbon dots: Types, preparation, and their boosted antibacterial activity by photoactivation. Current status and future perspectives.

Carbon dots (CDs) correspond to carbon-based materials (CBM) with sizes usually below 10 nm. These nanomaterials exhibit attractive properties such us low toxicity, good stability, and high conductivity, which have promoted their thorough study over the past two decades. The current review describes four types of CDs: carbon quantum dots (CQDs), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), carbon nanodots (CNDs), and carbonized polymers dots (CPDs), together with the state of the art of the main routes for their preparation, either by "top-down" or "bottom-up" approaches.

Gongolarones as antiamoeboid chemical scaffold.

Free Living Amoeba (FLA) infections caused by Acanthamoeba genus include chronic nervous system diseases such as Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis (GAE), or a severe eye infection known as Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Current studies focused on therapy against these diseases are aiming to find novel compounds with amoebicidal activity and low toxicity to human tissues. Brown algae, such as Gongolaria abies-marina (previously known as Cystoseira abies-marina, S.

May the Force (Field) Be with You: On the Importance of Conformational Searches in the Prediction of NMR Chemical Shifts.

NMR data prediction is increasingly important in structure elucidation. The impact of force field selection was assessed, along with geometry and energy cutoffs. Based on the conclusions, we propose a new approach named mix--DP4, which provides a remarkable increase in the confidence level of complex stereochemical assignments-100% in our molecular test set-with a very modest increment in computational cost.

Influenza Incidence and Vaccine Effectiveness During the Southern Hemisphere Influenza Season - Chile, 2022.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected influenza virus transmission, with historically low activity, atypical timing, or altered duration of influenza seasons during 2020-22 (1,2). Community mitigation measures implemented since 2020, including physical distancing and face mask use, have, in part, been credited for low influenza detections globally during the pandemic, compared with those during prepandemic seasons (1). Reduced population exposure to natural influenza infections during 2020-21 and relaxed community mitigation measures after introduction of COVID-19 vaccines could increase the possibility of severe influenza epidemics.

Lactate dehydrogenase A inhibitors with a 2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane scaffold: A contribution to molecular therapies for primary hyperoxalurias.

Human lactate dehydrogenase A (hLDHA) is one of the main enzymes involved in the pathway of oxalate synthesis in human liver and seems to contribute to the pathogenesis of disorders with endogenous oxalate overproduction, such as primary hyperoxaluria (PH), a rare life-threatening genetic disease. Recent published results on the knockdown of LDHA gene expression as a safe strategy to ameliorate oxalate build-up in PH patients are encouraging for an approach of hLDHA inhibition by small molecules as a potential pharmacological treatment. Thus, we now report on the synthesis and hLDHA inhibitory activity of a new family of compounds with 2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.

[Cancer care access in Chile's vulnerable populations during the COVID-19 pandemicAcesso a tratamento de câncer em populações vulneráveis no Chile durante a pandemia de COVID-19].

Objectives: To examine the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on cancer care access in Chile, analyzing differential effects by insurance type, gender, and age.

Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study using interrupted time series analysis. We used multiple data sources for a broad evaluation of cancer-related health care utilization from January 2017 to December 2020.