Comparison of Sedative Effects of Alfaxalone-Ketamine and Alfaxalone-Midazolam Administered Intramuscularly in Chickens.

The objective of this study was to compare the sedative effects of intramuscular alfaxalone combined with either ketamine or midazolam in chickens (). A prospective, randomized blinded crossover study design with a 7-day washout period was used. Nine adult layer hens received alfaxalone 15 mg/kg with ketamine 5 mg/kg IM (treatment AK) or alfaxalone 15 mg/kg with midazolam 1 mg/kg IM (treatment AM).

Insulinotropic nucleobindin-2/nesfatin-1 is dynamically expressed in the haemochorial mouse and human placenta.

The placenta is the physiological bridge between mother and fetus and has life-sustaining functions during pregnancy, including metabolic regulation, fetal protection and hormone secretion. Nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) is a calcium- and DNA-binding protein and precursor of nesfatin-1, a signalling peptide with multiple functions, including regulation of energy homeostasis and glucose transport. These are also key functions of the placenta, yet NUCB2/nesfatin-1 expression has never been comprehensively studied in this organ.