Community Participation of Individuals with Mental Illnesses in Rural Areas: Stakeholder Perspectives on Barriers and Facilitators.

Community inclusion and participation are social determinants of physical and mental health. This study examines activity preferences, barriers to engagement, and potential strategies for facilitating community participation for individuals with serious mental illness living in rural communities. Data for this qualitative study were collected in a series of focus groups with a stakeholders in rural Pennsylvania.

A Survey of Why and How Clinicians Change Reinforcers during Teaching Sessions.

Unlabelled: Preference assessments are used to make data-based decisions about which stimuli to use as reinforcers but they can be challenging to conduct frequently enough to avoid problems related to momentary shifts in preference and reinforcer efficacy. It remains unclear whether, why, and how clinicians change reinforcers on a momentary basis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine common reasons for, and methods of, changing reinforcers in practice.

Paying for Supervision: Barriers, Solutions, and Opportunities.

In some situations, those requiring supervision to meet Behavior Analyst Certification Board supervised fieldwork requirements, maintain certification, or get assistance with a difficult case or ethical dilemma may need to contract with a qualified supervisor and pay them directly. Although it is not considered to be a multiple relationship, the financial component does carry an inherent conflict of interest, which can create barriers to effective and appropriate supervision. In this article we propose a list of barriers that may arise in this particular supervisory relationship and potential solutions to manage each one, with a particular focus on supervised independent fieldwork.

Participation in arts and culture among individuals with serious mental illnesses and its relationship to quality of life and recovery.

Objective: Engagement in arts and cultural activities is valued and yields positive outcomes but may be understudied in populations with serious mental illness (SMI). Our aims are to evaluate the extent to which individuals with SMI deem participation areas related to arts and culture (e.g.

Further evaluation of functional analysis screening methods in early autism intervention.

A goal of some functional analysis (FA) variations is to reduce assessment time while still maintaining efficacy. This may be especially important when conducting FAs in early intervention programs, where time is a crucial commodity. To that end, we evaluated a model for using the results of the no-interaction condition as a screening for behavioral function and to guide selection of FA test conditions with 20 participants (22 assessments) aged 3 to 7 years old.

New (old) perspectives on self-injurious and aggressive biting.

Functional analyses and treatments of self-injurious behavior and aggression have shown that such behavior is often operant. In this paper, we will revisit evidence that a subset of self-injurious and aggressive biting may be controlled primarily by antecedent events and may have phylogenetic origins. We propose that there is a research gap of more than four decades, if one considers the wealth of basic research on biting that occurred prior to 1977.

Leveraging applied behavior analysis research and practice in the service of public health.

Human behavior plays a central role in all domains of public health. Applied behavior analysis (ABA) research and practice can contribute to public health solutions that directly address human behavior. In this paper, we describe the field of public health, identify points of interaction between public health and ABA, summarize what ABA research has already contributed, and provide several recommendations for how ABA research and practice could continue to promote public health outcomes.

Comparing the results of one-session, two-session, and three-session MSWO preference assessments.

The multiple-stimulus-without-replacement (MSWO) preference assessment is commonly used in behavior-analytic research and practice. As originally published, the MSWO included 5 sessions in an effort to confirm stimulus preferences. Subsequent researchers have evaluated the validity of MSWO outcomes when the assessment is abbreviated.

Behavior Change, Egg Consumption, and Child Nutrition: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Objectives: Malnutrition is a significant contributor to child morbidity and mortality globally. Egg consumption has been associated with improved child nutrition yet is rare in rural, resource-poor settings. We test the effects of a culturally tailored behavior change intervention to increase child egg consumption.

Relative preferences for edible and leisure stimuli in children with autism: A replication in Italy.

Several studies have found that edible items tend to displace leisure items in multiple-stimulus preference assessments for individuals with developmental disabilities. One recent study (Conine & Vollmer, 2019) included screen-based technology devices in assessments and found that food items were less likely to displace leisure items and in some cases leisure items totally displaced edible items. The purpose of our study was to conduct a replication of Conine and Vollmer in Italy to evaluate cultural differences in food and leisure preferences.