People experiencing homelessness (PEH) are at increased risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. This study assessed COVID-19 vaccination coverage among vaccine-eligible PEH (5 years and older) stratified by demographic characteristics. PEH were less likely to complete a primary vaccination series than the Dane County population (32.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In Wisconsin, COVID-19 case interview forms contain free-text fields that need to be mined to identify potential outbreaks for targeted policy making. We developed an automated pipeline to ingest the free text into a pretrained neural language model to identify businesses and facilities as outbreaks.
Objective: We aimed to examine the precision and recall of our natural language processing pipeline against existing outbreaks and potentially new clusters.
Background: Opioid overdoses and opioid-related fatalities have increased dramatically in Wisconsin over the past decade. The observed rise in morbidity and mortality parallels increased opioid prescribing and greater use of illicit drugs such as heroin. Increased availability of both prescription and illicit opioids may increase the risk of exposure and overdose among the pediatric population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Mental health and substance use are growing public health concerns, but established surveillance methods do not measure the burden of these conditions among women of reproductive age. We developed a standardized indicator from administrative data to identify inpatient hospitalizations related to mental health or substance use (MHSU) among women of reproductive age, as well as co-occurrence of mental health and substance use conditions among those hospitalizations.
Materials And Methods: We used inpatient hospital discharge data from 2012-2014 for women aged 15-44 residing in Illinois and Wisconsin.
Introduction: Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC), specifically implants and intrauterine devices (IUD), are highly effective, low maintenance forms of birth control. Practice guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Academy of Family Physicians, and American Academy of Pediatrics recommend that LARC be considered first-line birth control for most women; however, uptake remains low. In this study, we sought to understand practices and barriers to provision of LARC in routine and immediate postpartum settings as they differ between specialties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevious work has documented associations between poverty and HIV. Understanding of these relationships at local levels could help target prevention efforts; however, HIV surveillance systems do not capture individual-level poverty measures. We utilized the Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project methods to examine HIV rates by census tract poverty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Severe maternal morbidities include 25 complications resulting from, or exacerbated by, pregnancy. Nationally, in the last decade, these rates have doubled.
Objective: This study describes trends in the rates of severe maternal morbidities at the time of hospitalization for delivery among different groups of Wisconsin women.
Introduction: Increasing rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), most commonly linked to maternal opioid use, are a growing concern within clinical and public health domains.
Objectives: The study aims to describe the statewide burden of NAS and maternal substance use, focusing on opioids in Wisconsin from 2009 to 2014.
Methods: Trends in NAS and maternal substance use diagnosis rates were calculated using Wisconsin’s Hospital Discharge Data.
Health care budgets and policies are chief drivers in the delivery and access to health services. Place is also a factor that affects patient and provider experiences within the health care system. We examine the impact of policy changes and subsequent budget cuts on rural HIV/AIDS care, support services, and prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocial network and area level characteristics have been linked to substance use. We used snowball sampling to recruit 90 predominantly African American emerging adult men who provided typical locations visited (n=510). We used generalized estimating equations to examine social network and area level predictors of substance use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Community Psychol
September 2015
Mental health issues often become apparent as adolescents emerge into young adulthood. The use of mental health services is low among adolescents and young adults, and use is particularly low among minorities. In this study, we examine mental health utilization among diverse young parenting couples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Medical students may experience test anxiety associated with 'high stakes' exams, such as Step 1 of the United States Medical Licensing Examination.
Methods: We collected qualitative responses about test anxiety at three points in time from 93 second-year medical students engaged in studying for and taking Step 1.
Results: Causes of test anxiety as reported by students were related to negative self-talk during preparation for the exam.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration and power imbalances in parenting partners may result in poor outcomes for parents and children. Previous work in this area has focused on the maternal experiences, neglecting to examine paternal effects. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of IPV, power, and equity in parenting and child outcomes in an urban sample of adolescent parents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmpirical studies of creativity have focused on the importance of divergent thinking, which supports generating novel solutions to loosely defined problems. The present study examined creativity and frontal cortical activity in an externally-validated group of creative individuals (trained musicians) and demographically matched control participants, using behavioral tasks and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Experiment 1 examined convergent and divergent thinking with respect to intelligence and personality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe social significance of imitation is that it provides internal tools for understanding the actions of others by simulating or forming internal representations of these actions. Imitation plays a central role in human social behavior by mediating diverse forms of social learning. However, imitation and simulation ability in schizophrenia has not been adequately addressed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchizophrenia is often accompanied by a range of visual perception deficits, with many involving impairments in motion perception. The presence of perceptual abnormalities may impair neural processes that depend on normal visual analysis, which in turn may affect overall functioning in dynamic visual environments. Here, we examine the integrity of suppressive center-surround mechanisms in motion perception of schizophrenic patients.
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